1 research outputs found
Seasonal Transition in PM<sub>10</sub> Exposure and Associated All-Cause Mortality Risks in India
Lack of a consistent PM<sub>10</sub> (particulate matter smaller
than 10 ÎĽm) database at high spatial resolution hinders in assessing
the environmental impact of PM<sub>10</sub> in India. Here we propose
an alternate approach to estimate the PM<sub>10</sub> database. Aerosol
extinction coefficients at the surface are calculated from midvisible
aerosol optical depth from MERRA-2 reanalysis data using characteristics
vertical profiles from CALIOP and then are converted to PM<sub>10</sub> mass using aerosol property information and microphysical data.
The retrieved PM<sub>10</sub> are bias-corrected and evaluated (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.85) against coincident ground-based data
maintained under the Central Pollution Control Board network. PM<sub>10</sub> exposure exceeds Indian annual air quality standard in 72.3%
districts. Transition in PM<sub>10</sub> exposure from the monsoon
(Jun–Sep) to postmonsoon season (Oct–Nov) translates
to 1–2% higher all-cause mortality risk over the polluted Indo-Gangetic
Basin (IGB). Mortality risk increases in the central to eastern IGB
and central India and reduces in Delhi national capital region in
the winter (Dec–Feb) relative to the postmonsoon season. Mortality
risk decreases by 0.5–1.8% in most parts of India in the premonsoon
season (Mar–May). Our results quantify the vulnerability in
terms of seasonal transition in all-cause mortality risks due to PM<sub>10</sub> exposure at district level for the first time in India