Application of Statistical Experimental Design and Surface Plot Technique to Optimize Oxygenated Apatite Synthesis

This work deals with oxygenated apatite synthesis from calcium chloride and phosphoric acid using a wet precipitation method. An experimental design is applied to precise the influence of the synthesis parameters (pH of the reaction medium, atomic ratio Ca/P of the reagents, concentration of the calcium solution (Ca2+), temperature of the reaction medium (T), and duration of the reaction (D)) on the chemical composition (Ca/P molar ratio, % O2, and % O22−). An empirical model was developed and validated by applying the ANOVA analysis incorporating the interaction effects of all parameters and optimized using the response surface methodology. A reproducible synthesis of more oxygenated apatite with speed of dissolution adaptable to that of the osseous neoformation and allowing a progressive diffusion of oxygenated species (Ca/P = 1.575) is attained

Characterization of antiseptic apatite powders prepared at biomimetics temperature and pH

Antiseptic apatite-based calcium phosphates were prepared as the single-phase powders. Phosphocalcic oxygenated apatites were synthesized from calcium salts and orthophosphate dissolved in oxygenated water solution at 30%, under the biomimetic conditions of 37 °C and pH 7.4. The characterization and chemical analysis of the synthesized biomimetic apatite powders were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and chemical analysis. The obtained materials are a calcium deficient apatites with different morphologies

Statistical tools and approaches to validate analytical methods: methodology and practical examples

The analyst needs to know whether the result of measurement can be accepted with confidence or, on the contrary, rejected because it is wrong. It is essential, also, to know whether an analysis method is suitable for the intended use. Likewise, it is more important for the researcher to know if he can trust a new developed method and what are the criteria to respect to ensure its validity. The statistical tools allow us to address all these points. The experimental protocol applied in this work is based on a common methodology, inspired by regulatory guidelines regarding statistical data analysis in analytical method validation, to optimize the number of assays and satisfy the study of validation criteria. In order to better understand the statistical analysis of raw data, practical examples are treated for quantify: an active ingredient in pharmaceutical drugs, a heavy metal in fishery products, and a drug in seizures

Statistical tools and approaches to validate analytical methods: methodology and practical examples★

The analyst needs to know whether the result of measurement can be accepted with confidence or, on the contrary, rejected because it is wrong. It is essential, also, to know whether an analysis method is suitable for the intended use. Likewise, it is more important for the researcher to know if he can trust a new developed method and what are the criteria to respect to ensure its validity. The statistical tools allow us to address all these points. The experimental protocol applied in this work is based on a common methodology, inspired by regulatory guidelines regarding statistical data analysis in analytical method validation, to optimize the number of assays and satisfy the study of validation criteria. In order to better understand the statistical analysis of raw data, practical examples are treated for quantify: an active ingredient in pharmaceutical drugs, a heavy metal in fishery products, and a drug in seizures