A case report of conservative treatment of pelvic organ prolapse in a 40-year-old pregnant woman

BACKGROUND: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a rare event in pregnancy. Genital organs’ prolapse is multi-factorial and can be caused due to weakness of connective tissue and pelvic support muscles and also nerve damage. The purpose of this study is to report a case of conservative treatment of POP in pregnancy.CASE REPORT: A 40-year-old woman with multiparous at week 17 of pregnancy complaining of heaviness, pressure, and mass protrusion from the vagina was referred to the Sayedolshohadaei Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran. On vaginal examination, Grade 3 prolapse based on Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) was diagnosed. Conservative treatment with pessary was ordered for her and bed rest was recommended followed by personal hygiene. Her pregnancy ended successfully and no complications happened for the mother and the baby.CONCLUSION: Management and treatment of POP in an individualized and separate approach can be adopted based on the patient preferences. Use of pessary to prevent complications would be useful and can be considered as a noninvasive treatment in consulting patients

Association between response to the medical treatment and predicting factors in ectopic pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester of pregnancy. There are many variables which can predispose EP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association between individual’s response to given medical treatment and predicting factors of ectopic pregnancy among pregnant women.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 277 patients with ectopic pregnancy who were admitted to obstetrics and gynecology ward of Besat hospital, Sanandaj, Iran, were evaluated. The necessary information was obtained from all women diagnosed with EP during 2008 to 2013. Patients who received any medication before study or those who could not use methotrexate (MTX) were excluded from study.RESULTS: In this study, 205 (74.1%) patients responded to the medical therapy. There was a significant association between successful response to the treatment and beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) serum level less than 5000 mIU/ml, pregnancy sac size less than 4 cm and lack of fetal heart rate (FHR) in transvaginal sonography (TVS).CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it was found that β-hCG serum level, pregnancy sac size and presence of FHR play a key role in predicting the response to the medical treatment in women with ectopic pregnancy, and might be helpful in selecting appropriate therapeutic scheme.

The relationship between spontaneous abortion among nurses and its related factors

BACKGROUND: Abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy which occurs in 15% of pregnancies. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of spontaneous abortion and its related factors among nurses working in the hospitals. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 431 nurses working in hospitals in Sanandaj City, Iran, in 2014. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed via Stata software using descriptive statistics, mean, and standard deviation, and chi-square, t, and Fisher exact tests. RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 33.45 ± 7.49 years; mean working hours per shift was 6.26 ± 2.50 hours; mean working hours per month was 201.63 ± 93.54 hours; and the mean work experience was 9.53 ± 7.37 years. The history of abortion among the participants was 22.23%. There was statistically significant relationship between age, working hours, working shifts, working ward, and work experience with spontaneous abortion (P < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: The rate of spontaneous abortion among nurses working in the hospitals of Sanandaj City is higher than other studies. Therefore the decisions must be made to minimize adverse pregnancy outcomes in nurses

The relationship between spontaneous abortion among nurses and its related factors

BACKGROUND: Abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy which occurs in 15% of pregnancies. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of spontaneous abortion and its related factors among nurses working in the hospitals.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 431 nurses working in hospitals in Sanandaj City, Iran, in 2014. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed via Stata software using descriptive statistics, mean, and standard deviation, and chi-square, t, and Fisher exact tests.RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 33.45 ± 7.49 years; mean working hours per shift was 6.26 ± 2.50 hours; mean working hours per month was 201.63 ± 93.54 hours; and the mean work experience was 9.53 ± 7.37 years. The history of abortion among the participants was 22.23%. There was statistically significant relationship between age, working hours, working shifts, working ward, and work experience with spontaneous abortion (P &lt; 0.05 for all).CONCLUSION: The rate of spontaneous abortion among nurses working in the hospitals of Sanandaj City is higher than other studies. Therefore the decisions must be made to minimize adverse pregnancy outcomes in nurses

Association between response to the medical treatment and predicting factors in ectopic pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester of pregnancy. There are many variables which can predispose EP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association between individual’s response to given medical treatment and predicting factors of ectopic pregnancy among pregnant women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 277 patients with ectopic pregnancy who were admitted to obstetrics and gynecology ward of Besat hospital, Sanandaj, Iran, were evaluated. The necessary information was obtained from all women diagnosed with EP during 2008 to 2013. Patients who received any medication before study or those who could not use methotrexate (MTX) were excluded from study. RESULTS: In this study, 205 (74.1%) patients responded to the medical therapy. There was a significant association between successful response to the treatment and beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) serum level less than 5000 mIU/ml, pregnancy sac size less than 4 cm and lack of fetal heart rate (FHR) in transvaginal sonography (TVS). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it was found that β-hCG serum level, pregnancy sac size and presence of FHR play a key role in predicting the response to the medical treatment in women with ectopic pregnancy, and might be helpful in selecting appropriate therapeutic scheme

Evaluating the relationship between sexual function and marital satisfaction in married Kurdish women in year 2016

BACKGROUND: Sexual satisfaction and ultimately marital satisfaction have a significant role in couples' adaptation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sexual function and marital satisfaction of married Kurdish women referred to health centers in Sanandaj, Iran, in 2016.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 married women referred to health centers in Sanandaj City in 2016. Sexual function information was collected using the standard Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. In order to investigate the marital satisfaction, the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Inventory (MSI) was also used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Pearson correlation test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used.RESULTS: In terms of adultery scales, the sexual satisfaction for majority of women was moderate. The average score of sexual satisfaction was 20.37 ± 8.40 from 36. Between sexual satisfaction with age (r = 0.223) and spouse's age (r = 0.26), correlation was inversely significant (P = 0.0001). Sexual function was significantly correlated with the level of adultery scales including sexual satisfaction, communication, conflict resolution, and ideal distortion (P &lt; 0.0500).CONCLUSION: Given that sexual performance in this study was moderate and there was a relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction, sexual education and counseling to women and men during marriage by health and social systems is recommended

Myo-inositol effect on pregnancy outcomes in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: A double-blind RCT

Background: Myo-inositol is an intracellular mediator which is involved in various aspects of reproduction in women. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Myo-inositol on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in infertile women. Materials and Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 70 infertile women referred to the Infertility Treatment Center, Besat hospital, Sanandaj, Iran from May 2019 to September 2019 for IVF/ICSI cycles. The participants were randomly divided into 2 intervention (n = 36) and control (n = 34) groups. The intervention group received 2000 mg of Myo-inositol and 200 mcg folic acid twice a day for 2 months and the control group received 200 mcg of folic acid twice a day for 2 months in the IVF/ICSI cycles (from the third day of cycle until the end of the second month). Finally, the number of oocytes, the quality of embryos, and the IVF/ICSI outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The mean numbers of oocytes, MII oocytes, and 2 pronuclear embryos were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group. Also, the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the controls (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The administration of Myo-inositol may increase clinical pregnancy and live birth rates by increasing the number of total and meiosis II oocytes in infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI. Key words: Infertility, In vitro fertilization, Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, Myoinositol

Evaluation of Pregnancy consequences in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study in Qazvin, Iran

ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women of childbearing age that can be associated with adverse pregnancy complications. The aim of this study was to compare the adverse pregnancy consequences between pregnant women with PCOS and control group in Qazvin. Materials and Methods: In this study, 150 pregnant women with PCOS aged 18-35 years with gestational age of more than 20 weeks were selected as our case group based on Rotterdam criteria and our control group included 150 pregnant women without PCOS. The groups were compared in terms of pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and neonatal admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic data including age, weight, height and BMI. In the case group (PCOS) we found gestational diabetes in 33 cases (64.7%) (P=0.021), preeclampsia in 44 cases (67.7%) (P=0.002), and preterm delivery 70 in cases (75.3%) which indicated a significant difference between the case and control groups (P<0.0001). The case group had higher neonatal complications than control group in regard to low birth weight (40 cases, 64.5%, P=0.008) and NICU admission (30 cases, 66.7%, P=0.015). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that PCOS, due to its metabolic effects, may increase the incidence of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm delivery, low birth weight or macrosomia and long term NICU admission. Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Premature birth, Gestational diabetes, Pre-eclampsi

The Effects of Vitamin D Supplement on Prevention of Recurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women with a History of Preeclampsia

Introduction. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome. One of the hypotheses concerning the etiology of preeclampsia is vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy. Method and Materials. The present study is a randomized controlled clinical trial which aims to determine the effect of vitamin D supplement on reducing the probability of recurrent preeclampsia. 72 patients were placed in control group while 70 patients were randomized to the intervention group. The intervention group received a 50000 IU pearl vitamin D3 once every two weeks. The control group was administered placebo. Vitamin D or placebo was given until the 36th week of pregnancy. Results. The patients in intervention group have significantly lower (P value = 0.036) probability of preeclampsia than patients in the control group. The risk of preeclampsia for the control group was 1.94 times higher than that for the intervention group (95% CI 1.02, 3.71). Conclusion. The intended intervention (i.e., prescription of vitamin D) has a protective effect against recurrent preeclampsia. Vitamin D supplementation therapy in pregnancy could help in reducing the incidence of gestational hypertension/preeclampsia. Registration. This study has been registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) site with ID number IRCT2017010131695N1