Environmental Dynamics in Animal Waste Reclamation in the Scaling up of Livestock in Thailand

Thailand has seen a scaling up of pig production in numbers and structure. Nonetheless, in-house separation and agricultural reclamation of pig solid waste are common practice. Waste reclamation is not taking place under small-scale farming and its environmental dynamics cannot be simply understood as a direct projection to larger scales. Scaling up has transformed the environmental significance of waste reclamation, including waste transfer from livestock to agriculture farmers. Waste transfer benefits pig farmers by trade and removal of waste by agriculture and aquaculture farmers and is key to the environmental dynamics of pig production. However, waste reclamation is not clearly defined as a management option in environmental frameworks. Waste management is mainly addressed as in-farm wastewater with limited attention to agro-environmental values of present practices. To recognise present practices in agro-environmental policies this thesis suggests a descriptive strategy focused on the transfer of waste. Such strategy would avoid command-and-control norms, avoid conflicting with an environmental culture centered in biogas technology and support knowledge transfer in agriculture. A focus on waste transfer from animal farms to agriculture [and aquaculture] plots is interpreted as off-site waste management. Off-site waste management calls for the inclusion of geographical variables beyond animal farms. This leads to an extended area of environmental influence (EAEI). Resulting environmental dynamics allows an interpretation of environment beyond resource in classical agricultural geography to a connotation where environment is also significant to agriculture and livestock because of the impacts from production. The recognition of reclamation practices and, consequently, of the integral environmental dynamics, and hence the connotation of environment, would contribute to connect livestock with agriculture through environmental geography. Intensive livestock is then defined as distribution and not location. Formalisation of reclamation practices entails the acknowledgment of agro-ecological cycles in livestock

Mixed norm spaces and rearrangement invariant estimates

Our main goal in this work is to further improve the mixed norm estimates due to Fournier, and also Algervik and Kolyada, to more general rearrangement invariant (r.i.) spaces. In particular we find the optimal domains and the optimal ranges for these embeddings between mixed norm spaces and r.i. spaces

Rearrangement transformations on general measure spaces

For a general set transformation ${\cal R}$ between two measure spaces, we define the rearrangement of a measurable function by means of the Layer's cake formula. We study some functional properties of the Lorentz spaces defined in terms of ${\cal R}$, giving a unified approach to the classical rearrangement, Steiner's symmetrization, the multidimensional case, and the discrete setting of trees.Comment: 17 page

Optimal domain for the Hardy operator

We study the optimal domain for the Hardy operator considered with values in a rearrangement invariant space. In particular, this domain can be represented as the space of integrable functions with respect to a vector measure defined on a δ-ring. A precise description is given for the case of the minimal Lorentz spaces.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (MCYT). Españ