The Relationship of Serum Levels of Gamma Interferon and its Receptor (CD119) to Development of BCG Axillary Lymphadenopathy

Background: Lymphadenitis is the most common complication of BCG vaccination in children. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) plays a key role in immune response to Mycobacterial infections. In this study, the relationship of serum levels of IFN-gamma and its receptor (CD119) to development of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) axillary lymphadenopathy was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 45 children with axillary lymphadenopathy and 45 healthy children matched by age and sex were included. Two ml peripheral blood was collected in tubes containing anticoagulants. Then, level of IFN-gamma was measured by ELISA and the level of CD119 expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was measured by flow cytometry. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: Totally, 90 children were enrolled in this study, which consisted of 30 girls and 60 boys. The mean age of participants was 14.5 +/- 6.5 months in case group and 15.2 +/- 7.1 months in control group. respectively (p=0.61). The level of IFN-gamma was significantly lower in case group than in control group (p0.05). There was no significant relationship of age and sex to BCG (INF and PBMC) lymphadenopathy (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results. IFN-gamma level was significantly lower in the BCG lymphadenopathy group than in the control group. Levels of IFN-gamma R (CD119 cellular level in PBMC) in two groups did not show a significant relationship. Keywords:Bacillus Calmette Guerin; CD119; Children; Interferon gamma; Lymphadenopath

Locally Different Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Protein Levels in Ascending Aortic Aneurysms of Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valve

Aims. Dysregulated expression of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is observed in aortic aneurysms associated with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). We determined eNOS protein levels in various areas in ascending aortic aneurysms. Methods and Results. Aneurysmal specimens were collected from 19 patients, 14 with BAV and 5 with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). ENOS protein levels were measured in the outer curve (convexity), the opposite side (concavity), the distal and above the sinotubular junction (proximal) aneurysm. Cultured aortic cells were treated with NO synthesis inhibitor L-NAME and the amounts of 35 apoptosis-related proteins were determined. In patients with BAV, eNOS levels were significantly lower in the proximal aorta than in the concavity and distal aorta. ENOS protein levels were also lower in the convexity than in the concavity. While the convexity and distal aorta showed similar eNOS protein levels in BAV and TAV patients, levels were higher in TAV proximal aorta. Inhibition of NO synthesis in aneurysmal aortic cells by L-NAME led to a cytosolic increase in the levels of mitochondrial serine protease HTRA2/Omi. Conclusion. ENOS protein levels were varied at different areas of the aneurysmal aorta. The dysregulation of nitric oxide can lead to an increase in proapoptotic HTRA2/Omi