Neural-tube specific paralogous genes and their upstream regulatory sequences

Ascidians are primitive chordates, and their critical evolutionary position expected to offer an excellent experimental system to understand the origin and the evolution of vertebrates (Satoh, 1994). Especially, neural tube is one of the characteristic features of chordates. In this study, we focused on the mechanism of the neural tube formation, and described the detailed expression profiles of two neural tube specific genes, CiNutl and CiNut2. Although the amount of CiNut2 expression is about 1/1000 compared to that of CiNutl, both two genes are expressed in the entire neural plate and neural tube during the course of the development. Both two genes are situated in an adjacent position of the chromosome in the same direction. Comparative analysis of the upstream regulatory sequence of two genes revealed the conserved sequences, which suggested having a role for the neural tube specific expression

Use of spectral reflectance from a compact spectrometer to assess chlorophyll content in Zizania latifolia

Hyperspectral remote sensing is frequently used to monitor chlorophyll content, an important characteristic for assessing photosynthetic ability, health and defence against a variety of degenerative diseases. To obtain hyperspectral data, field portable spectroradiometers, such as Ocean Optics Hyperspectral Vis-NIR spectroradiometers and Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec series, have been widely used. The development of an affordable hyperspectral remote sensing system would be advantageous. Highly sensitive, affordable and cost-effective finger-tip size spectrometers have recently been released. In this study we investigate the potential of hyperspectral data obtained from such a compact spectrometer (C12880MA-10, Hamamatsu Photonics) for estimating chlorophyll content in Zizania latifolia. We also tested the efficacy of five pre-processing techniques (first derivative reflectance, continuum-removal transformation, de-trending, multiplicative scatter correction and standard normal variate) in conjunction with five machine learning algorithms

Use of spectral reflectance from a compact spectrometer to assess chlorophyll content in Zizania latifolia

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Hyperspectral wavelength selection for estimating chlorophyll content of muskmelon leaves

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