57 research outputs found
STRATAGIJA ODREÄIVANJA CIJENA I UÄENJE
U posljednja dva desetljeÄa u marketinÅ”koj literaturi mnogo se pažnje posveÄivalo vremenskom odreÄivanju cijene proizvoda/usluge. Rezultat toga istraživanja su modeli dinamiÄkog zadavanja cijene, tj. modeli koji opisuju kako se cijena proizvoda/usluge mijenja s vremenom. Ti modeli izmeÄu ostalog obuhvaÄaju kako postojeÄe znanje o životnom ciklusu proizvoda, tako i teoriju o difuziji novog proizvoda kroz tržiÅ”te.
Na tržiÅ”tu je neprestano prisutna izmjena i prerada informacija, drugim imenom uÄenje. Na primjer, poduzeÄa uÄe kako smanjiti cijenu proizvodnje, uÄe o svojim kupcima i o drugim konkurentskim poduzeÄima. PotroÅ”aÄi uÄe o osobinama proizvoda i o njihovim proizvoÄaÄima. Rezultati sve te izmjene informacija odražavaju se na cijenu proizvoda. Cijena može biti posljedica uÄenja, ili može biti instrument kojim se nastoji potaknuti uÄenje. U ovom Älanku opisana je ta meÄusobna povezanost uÄenja i odreÄivanja cijene
Collaboration between Industry and Science: Motivation Factors, Collaboration Intensity and Collaboration Outcome
Collaboration between industry and science is considered one of the most important aspects of the innovation system. Innovation capability being crucially linked with the level of communication between scientific institutions and industry, it is important to understand why and how intensively companies collaborate with scientists, and how they rate such collaboration. The present paper explores how motives for collaboration and company approach to innovation and technology influence collaboration with scientists. The paper also examines differences among small, medium sized and large companies. Since collaboration between science and industry is expected to have a positive impact on a companyās innovation capabilities, we explored how selected innovation indicators are affected by collaboration
RAZLIKE U INOVIRANJU IZMEÄU USLUŽNIH I PROIZVODNIH PODUZEÄA U HRVATSKOJ
Services have different characteristics than products, and naturally
we would expect this to be refl ected in innovation development practices of service companies. Although there exist empirical studies that address this issue in developed economies, no study to date investigated this question in a transition country. In particular, this paper explores whether service firms in Croatia are inclined to adopt modern business tools like new product development process, and whether they differ in the use of business functions in product development. The paper is based on an empirical study of Croatian companies performed in spring 2002.Karakteristike usluga razlikuju se od karakteristika proizvoda, pa bismo zato prirodno oÄekivali da razvitak inovacija u uslužnim tvrtkama pokazuje razliÄitosti u usporedbi s razvitkom inovacija u proizvodnim poduzeÄima. Iako u svijetu postoje empirijske studije
o karakteristikama inoviranja u uslužnim djelatnostima, nijedna od njih ne odnosi se na tranzicijske zemlje. Ovaj Älanak ima za cilj ispitati koliko su uslužna poduzeÄa u Hrvatskoj sklona prihvatiti moderne metode - kao Å”to je, npr., proces razvijanja novog proizvoda, i razlikuju li se u upotrebi poslovnih funkcija u razvijanju inovacija od proizvodnih poduzeÄa. Älanak se osniva na empirijskom istraživanju hrvatskih poduzeÄa koje je provedeno u proljeÄe godine 2002
Girl Power: Creating More with Less
Studies show that women are very productive employees, but that as business owners, compared to their male counterparts, they run companies that earn less, grow at a lesser rate, and employ a smaller number of employees. One of the explanations for this discrepancy argues that indicators such as sales, turnover or profit do not measure performance adequately because they are dependent on the size of the firm. Since women often make a conscious decision to keep their companies small, these performance measures may not adequately represent women-owned businesses. We study a panel of micro firms across all industries, from three EU countries of comparable size (Croatia, Slovenia, and Slovakia) in the period 2010 ā 2019. Results indicate that female-owned firms have higher values of both turnover per asset and value added per asset. Additionally, results suggest that during recession years, female-led firms show a degree of resilience to these adverse effects, and they manage to increase their turnover per asset by 3 to 4 percent on average, compared to male-led firms. We conclude that although women-owned micro firms tend to have less resources compared to menās, women can create larger output per asset, suggesting capability to combine those resources in a very effective way
Application of potential method to survey analysis
This paper examines an alternative method for analyzing a collection of Likert items in the multi-criteria decision framework. Likert items are compared in pairs and organized in a set of weighted digraphs which are aggregated according to the Potential Method rules. In combination with Factor Analysis this approach gives respondentsā preferences on the scale which approximates a measurable value function. As an application of
the proposed methodology, we examine a potential set of incentives and explore the degree to which they would be accepted by the industry. We use Potential Method to elicit firmās preferences for given incentives and we seek to explain the difference in these preferences by the firm/market factors. Data is collected through a survey of 190 Croatian enterprises performed in 2002
The Effects of Innovation Activities in SMEs in the Republic of Croatia
The ultimate goal of innovation activities is the improvement of business results. Although a number of studies have dealt with innovation in SMEs, few have investigated results of innovation development. As these results depend on the innovating firm, our goal in this paper is to explore the firm-specific factors that have impact on innovation results. These factors include not only classic features like firm ownership, proportion of highly educated employees, and the market in which the firm operates, but also the firmās market orientation and its readiness to implement strategic and management changes. The paper seeks to contribute to the extant literature by exploring how firm-specific factors impact innovation results
Relationship Between Enterprises and Scientists: Motivation Factors, Collaboration Intensity and Collaboration Outcome
Suradnja izmeÄu gospodarstva i znanstvene zajednice smatra se jednim od najvažnijih dijelova inovacijskog sustava. Kako je inovacijska sposobnost industrije bitno vezana sa stupnjem komunikacije izmeÄu znanstvenih institucija i gospodarstva, važno je razumjeti zbog Äega poduzeÄa suraÄuju sa znanstvenim institucijama, koliko intenzivno suraÄuju te kako ocjenjuju tu suradnju. U Älanku je istraženo kako motivi suradnje, te znaÄajke tvrtke vezane uz inovacije i tehnologije utjeÄu na suradnju sa znanstvenicima. Ujedno su istražene razliÄitosti izmeÄu malih, srednjih i velikih tvrtki. Kako se oÄekuje da suradnja znanosti i gospodarstva ima povoljno djelovanje na inovacijsku sposobnost poduzeÄa, ispitano je kako suradnja utjeÄe na odabrane indikatore inovativnosti.Industry-science relationship is considered one of the crucial parts of innovation system. This is why it is important to understand what motivates firms to seek collaboration. It is also important to comprehend what determines intensity of collaboration, and to investigate collaboration outcomes. This paper explores possible motivations for collaboration and then examines in which extent these motivations together with firm characteristics determine collaboration intensity. It investigates the impact of collaboration on selected innovation indicators. The paper explores differences among small, medium and large firms related to industry-science collaboration
Girl Power: Creating More with Less
Studies show that women are very productive employees, but that as business owners, compared to their male counterparts, they run companies that earn less, grow at a lesser rate, and employ a smaller number of employees. One of the explanations for this discrepancy argues that indicators such as sales, turnover or profit do not measure performance adequately because they are dependent on the size of the firm. Since women often make a conscious decision to keep their companies small, these performance measures may not adequately represent women-owned businesses. We study a panel of micro firms across all industries, from three EU countries of comparable size (Croatia, Slovenia, and Slovakia) in the period 2010 ā 2019. Results indicate that female-owned firms have higher values of both turnover per asset and value added per asset. Additionally, results suggest that during recession years, female-led firms show a degree of resilience to these adverse effects, and they manage to increase their turnover per asset by 3 to 4 percent on average, compared to male-led firms. We conclude that although women-owned micro firms tend to have less resources compared to menās, women can create larger output per asset, suggesting capability to combine those resources in a very effective way
Evaluating Additionality of an Innovation Subsidy Program Targeted at SMEs: An Exploratory Study
This paper explores the effectiveness of a recently introduced innovation subsidy program targeted at SMEs in Croatia. Three aspects of program additionality were evaluated: input, output and behavioral aspects. Both qualitative and survey research was employed, and four case studies with selected recipient companies were conducted. This study is a response to the policy-makersā need for early program assessment. It attempts to show that even with early evaluation and small population of recipients it is possible to gain insight into program effectiveness. The analysis suggests that the effects of programs targeted at innovative SMEs might need to be evaluated differently than general subsidies. This is especially evident in the evaluation of input additionality. The analysis indicates that SMEs which started with a higher R&D capability tend to increase R&D intensity while participating in the program. The program raised R&D and innovation capability of the participating SMEs, but commercialization of project results remains a concern
Diffusion Models in Marketing: How to Incorporate the Effect of External Influence?
U marketingu se difuzijski modeli tradicionalno koriste za modeliranje dinamike životnog ciklusa proizvoda, za predviÄanje potražnje za novim proizvodom te kao pomoÄ pri donoÅ”enju odluka u vezi s uvoÄenjem proizvoda na tržiÅ”te. Od kada su se poÄeli koristiti u marketingu, difuzijski su modeli postali vrlo kompleksni. Ta je složenost posljedica potrebe da se poveÄa prognostiÄka sposobnost modela i da se oni Å”to viÅ”e prilagode potrebama menadžera. Vezano s time, jedan od izazova u difuzijskom modeliranju jest inkorporiranje marketinÅ”kih varijabli. Ovaj Älanak nudi okvir unutar kojeg se mogu sistematizirati difuzijski modeli u marketingu, pri Äemu se poseban naglasak stavlja na ulogu marketinÅ”kih varijabli. U Älanku su usporeÄeni razliÄiti modeli, te su izložene njihove prednosti i nedostaci. Ujedno su ponuÄene neke smjernice za buduÄa istraživanja.Diffusion models have been used traditionally in marketing for capturing the lifecycle dynamics of a new product, for forecasting the demand for a new product, and as a decision aid in making pre-launch, launch and post-launch strategic choices. Since their entrance into marketing, diffusion models have become increasingly complex. This complexity has been driven by the need to enhance the
forecasting capability of these models and to improve their usefulness as a decision-making tool for managers. One of the challenges of diffusion modeling is to incorporate external influences in models, most notably the influence of marketing mix variables. This paper offers a framework for systematizing diffusion models in marketing, with a special emphasis on the role of marketing mix variables. Different models are compared and their advantages and disadvantages discussed. Suggestions for further research are also offered
- ā¦