Additional file 4: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Figure S2. Locations of main-effect QTL on 3H (a) and 4H (b) chromosomes. (PDF 183 kb

Additional file 1: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Figure S1. Frequency distribution of the BLUEs of the 100 DH for the measured traits. (PDF 257 kb

Additional file 3: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Table S2. The collective percent of phenotypic variation explained by main-effect QTL and QE interactions for the trait. (XLSX 12 kb

Additional file 2: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Table S1. Genetic positions of markers. (XLSX 48 kb

Additional file 7: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Data S1. Experimental procedures related to phenotypic data analysis, and QTL mapping [57–61]. (DOCX 14 kb

Additional file 5: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Table S3. The list of candidate genes associated with largest QTL cluster on chromosome 3H. (XLSX 34 kb

Additional file 6: of Identification of QTL hot spots for malting quality in two elite breeding lines with distinct tolerance to abiotic stress

Figure S3. Climate conditions in rainfed field located in Wohlde (a-b), Walewice (c-d) and Gatersleben (e). (PDF 409 kb

Allelic effects of dwarfing gene <i>Rht-D1</i> in a population of 372 European wheat varieties.

<p>Varieties carrying the mutant allele <i>Rht-D1b</i> (dwarfing type) showed an increased FHB score resulting in decreased resistance in four different environments.</p

Manhattan plots of marker-trait associations for FHB resistance.

<p>The plot represents the individual significant −log₁₀(p)>3.0 marker-trait associations of four environments plus BLUEs sorted according to their chromosomal location. The dotted line indicates the threshold of −log₁₀(p) = 4.82 for Bonferoni correction. All markers which were not associated or associated with a −log₁₀(p) below 3.0 were set to 0. Green dots represent the MTA of a single environment, red dots represent the MTA of a BLUE value.</p

Whole Genome Association Mapping of <em>Fusarium</em> Head Blight Resistance in European Winter Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.)

<div><p>A total of 358 recent European winter wheat varieties plus 14 spring wheat varieties were evaluated for resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> head blight (FHB) caused by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> in four separate environments. The FHB scores based on FHB incidence (Type I resistance)×FHB severity (Type II resistance) indicated a wide phenotypic variation of the varieties with BLUE (best linear unbiased estimation) values ranging from 0.07 to 33.67. Genotyping with 732 microsatellite markers resulted in 782 loci of which 620 were placed on the ITMI map. The resulting average marker distance of 6.8 cM allowed genome wide association mapping employing a mixed model. Though no clear population structure was discovered, a kinship matrix was used for stratification. A total of 794 significant (−log₁₀(p)-value≥3.0) associations between SSR-loci and environment-specific FHB scores or BLUE values were detected, which included 323 SSR alleles. For FHB incidence and FHB severity a total of 861 and 877 individual marker-trait associations (MTA) were detected, respectively. Associations for both traits co-located with FHB score in most cases. Consistent associations detected in three or more environments were found on all chromosomes except chromosome 6B, and with the highest number of MTA on chromosome 5B. The dependence of the number of favourable and unfavourable alleles within a variety to the respective FHB scores indicated an additive effect of favourable and unfavourable alleles, i.e. genotypes with more favourable or less unfavourable alleles tended to show greater resistance to FHB. Assessment of a marker specific for the dwarfing gene <i>Rht-D1</i> resulted in strong effects. The results provide a prerequisite for designing genome wide breeding strategies for FHB resistance.</p> </div