Young Chinese Tourists’ Motivations to Engage in Collaborative Information Behaviour for Group Holidays

This paper reports work inprogress from an ongoing investigation of young Chinese tourists’ collaborative information behaviour (CIB). Much existing research around CIB focuses on information seekingepisodes while the circumstances where CIB occurs remain unclear. Thisstudy addresses thisgap by investigatingmotivations to engagein CIB, paving the way towards a holistic perspective of CIBprocess. Following a groundedtheoryapproach, data was collected from sevengroups of young Chinese independent tourists travelling to Australia via interviews and self-kept diaries. Preliminaryresults revealed group holidaymakers’broad and complex information needsfallinginto three categories, with properties beingevolvingand dynamic. Five dimensions of motivations to engagein CIBwere identified, including gathering rich information, shaping specific information needs, sharing information seekingworkload, accommodating each member\u27s preferences and opinions, and sense of participation. We present these emerging results, provide design implications on tourist-centred informationsystems, andpropose further researchdirection

Tribological Behaviors of Inconel 718–Tungsten Carbide Friction Pair with Sulfur Additive Lubrication

This work investigated the lubricating and anti-wear properties of several sulfur additives for a nickel-based superalloy–tungsten carbide friction pair. Compared with PAO40 without any active chemical compounds, the three kinds of sulfur additives could decrease the friction coefficient from 0.2 to 0.1 and the wear volume by 90%. Sulfurized fatty acid ester had the best performance under high temperature and heavy load with COF below 0.1 and the smallest wear volume. Furthermore, the lubricating mechanism was investigated by XPS. The physical adsorptive film and the tribochemical film together enhanced the friction-reducing and anti-wear performances of the lubricants. This effective lubricant for Inconel 718 can be applied to the machining of nickel-based alloy

Single SNP- and pathway-based genome-wide association studies for beak deformity in chickens using high-density 600K SNP arrays

Abstract Background Beak deformity, typically expressed as the crossing of upper and lower mandibles, is found in several indigenous chicken breeds, including the Beijing-You chickens studied here. Beak deformity severely impairs the birds’ growth and welfare. Although previous studies shed some light on the genetic regulation of this complex trait, the genetic basis of this malformation remains incompletely understood. Results In this study, single SNP- and pathway-based genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were performed using ROADTRIPS and SNP ratio test (SRT), respectively. A total of 48 birds with deformed beaks (case) and 48 normal birds (control) were genotyped using Affymetrix 600 K HD genotyping arrays. As a result, 95 individuals and 429,539 SNPs were obtained after quality control. The P-value was corrected by a Bonferroni adjustment based on linkage disequilibrium pruning. The single SNP-based association study identified one associated SNP with 5% genome-wide significance and seven suggestively associated SNPs. Four high-confidence genes, LOC421892, TDRD3, RET, and STMN1, were identified as the most promising candidate genes underlying this complex trait in view of their positions, functions, and overlaps with previous studies. The pathway-based association study highlighted the association of six pathways with beak deformity, including the calcium signaling pathway. Conclusions Potentially useful candidate genes and pathways for beak deformity were identified, which should be the subject of further functional characterization

Additional file 2: of Single SNP- and pathway-based genome-wide association studies for beak deformity in chickens using high-density 600K SNP arrays

Figure S2. Manhattan plots showing the association of all SNPs with beak deformity trait using PLINK. SNPs are plotted on the x-axis according to their positions on each chromosome against their association with this trait on the y-axis (shown as -log10 (P-value)). The red dashed line indicates suggestive genome-wide significance (P-value = 4.55E-5). (TIF 2715 kb

Additional file 9: of Single SNP- and pathway-based genome-wide association studies for beak deformity in chickens using high-density 600K SNP arrays

Table S5. The detailed lists of pathways and SNPs information used in the pathway-based association analysis. (XLSX 3841 kb

Additional file 1: of Single SNP- and pathway-based genome-wide association studies for beak deformity in chickens using high-density 600K SNP arrays

Figure S1. Significance of the pathway (−log10 (PEMP-value)) versus: (a) the number of significant SNPs in the pathways, (b) the number of SNPs in the pathways, (c) the number of genes in the pathways, (d) total length (kb) of genes in the pathways, and (e) average length (kb) of the genes in the pathways. The P = 0.05 cut-off is highlighted by a vertical red line. (JPG 105 kb

Additional file 5: of Single SNP- and pathway-based genome-wide association studies for beak deformity in chickens using high-density 600K SNP arrays

Table S1. Raw results of the single SNP-based association study. (XLSX 21782 kb

MOESM1 of Wenyang Huazhuo Tongluo formula inhibits fibrosis via suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in a Bleomycin-induced systemic sclerosis mouse model

Additional file 1. Minimum Standards of Reporting Checklist