Retrospective analysis of inflammatory biomarkers and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer without adenocarcinoma in situ

BackgroundInflammatory biomarkers have shown prognostic value in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), but the inclusion of Adenocarcinoma In Situ (AIS) cases in previous studies may introduce bias. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic significance of inflammatory biomarkers in NSCLC while excluding AIS.MethodsThis study included patients who received surgery for lung carcinoma from August 2016 and August 2019. We collected demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome information. Inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and Cox regression to assess their prognostic value.ResultsHigher levels of inflammatory biomarkers correlated with poorer survival, with significant differences in overall survival (OS) between high- and low-expression groups. However, multivariate Cox regression identified age, tumor stage, and differentiation as independent prognostic factors, while biomarkers were not independently predictive.ConclusionInflammatory biomarkers have short-term prognostic value in invasive NSCLC, but traditional clinical and pathological factors remain key for long-term outcomes

Preoperative systemic inflammatory response index predicts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation

BackgroundPreoperative inflammatory status plays an important role in the prognosis of malignancy. We sought to explore the value of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers in predicting long-term outcomes of liver transplantation (LT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodPatients who underwent LT for HCC in our hospital between January 2010 and June 2020 were included in this study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were obtained. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers. The effectiveness of inflammatory biomarkers in predicting outcomes was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses.ResultsA total of 218 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 53.9 ± 8.5 years. The AUC of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) for overall survival (OS) were 0.741, 0.731, 0.756, 0.746, and 0.749, respectively. Cox proportional hazards model indicated that SIRI > 1.25 was independently associated with low OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.258, P = 0.024]. PLR > 82.15 and SIRI > 0.95 were independently associated with low disease-free survival (HR = 1.492, P = 0.015; and HR = 1.732, P = 0.008, respectively). In the survival analysis, the prognosis of patients with high preoperative SIRI and PLR was significantly worse (P < 0.001).ConclusionSIRI and PLR were useful prognostic markers for predicting patients with HCC after LT

Perioperative inflammatory index differences between pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and their prognostic implications

BackgroundPerioperative inflammatory indices reflect systemic inflammatory responses and have been linked to cancer progression and prognosis. This study aims to explore the differences in perioperative inflammatory indices between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and their association with long-term outcomes.MethodsThis study included 287 lung cancer patients who underwent curative resection between June 2016 and December 2017, comprising 61 cases of LSCC and 226 cases of LUAD. Perioperative baseline information and inflammatory cell counts were collected. Patients were followed up for a median duration of 76 months, during which disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic significance of inflammatory factor levels.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in white blood cell count and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) between LSCC and LUAD (P < 0.05). Regression analysis identified age (OR=2.096, P=0.004), postoperative day 1 D-dimer level (OR=1.550, P<0.001), and Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (OR=1.901, P=0.031) as independent risk factors for perioperative venous thromboembolism (VTE). Furthermore, open surgical approach (HR=2.437, P=0.016), tumor type (LSCC; HR=2.437, P=0.016), and PLR (HR=1.534, P=0.019) were independent risk factors for DFS.ConclusionInflammatory index is key predictors of perioperative VTE and DFS in lung cancer, emphasizing their critical role in prognosis

A nomogram model to predict the portal vein thrombosis risk after surgery in patients with pancreatic cancer

BackgroundPortal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common postoperative complication in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC), significantly affecting their quality of life and long-term prognosis. Our aim is to establish a new nomogram to predict the risk of PVT after PC surgery.MethodWe collected data from 416 patients who underwent PC surgery at our hospital between January 2011 and June 2022. This includes 87 patients with PVT and 329 patients without PVT. The patients were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 7:3. We constructed a nomogram model using the outcomes from both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses conducted on the training group. The nomogram’s predictive capacity was assessed using calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsIn the study, the prevalence of PVT was 20.9%. Age, albumin, vein reconstruction and preoperative D-dimer were independent related factors. The model achieved a C-index of 0.810 (95% confidence interval: 0.752–0.867), demonstrating excellent discrimination and calibration performance. The area under the ROC curve of the nomogram was 0.829 (95% CI: 0.750–0.909) in the validation group. DCA confirmed that the nomogram model was clinically useful when the incidence of PVT in patients was 5%–60%.ConclusionWe have established a high-performance nomogram for predicting the risk of PVT in patients undergoing PC surgery. This will assist clinical doctors in identifying individuals at high risk of PVT and taking appropriate preventive measures

Prognostic and recurrent significance of SII in patients with pancreatic head cancer undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy

BackgroundTo investigate the clinical significance of preoperative inflammatory status in patients with pancreatic head carcinoma (PHC), we performed a single-center study to assess it.MethodWe studied a total of 164 patients with PHC undergoing PD surgery (with or without allogeneic venous replacement) from January 2018 to April 2022. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was the most important peripheral immune index in predicting the prognosis according to XGBoost analysis. The optimal cutoff value of SII for OS was calculated according to Youden index based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the cohort was divided into Low SII group and High SII group. Demographic, clinical data, laboratory data, follow-up data variables were obtained and compared between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier curves, univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used to determine the association between preoperative inflammation index, nutritional index and TNM staging system with OS and DFS respectively.ResultsThe median follow-up time was 16 months (IQR 23), and 41.4% of recurrences occurred within 1 year. The cutoff value of SII was 563, with a sensitivity of 70.3%, and a specificity of 60.7%. Peripheral immune status was different between the two groups. Patients in High SII group had higher PAR, NLR than those in Low SII group (P <0.01, <0.01, respectively), and lower PNI (P <0.01). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significantly poorer OS and DFS (P < 0.001, <0.001, respectively) in patients with high SII. By using the multivariable Cox regression model, high SII (HR, 2.056; 95% CI, 1.082–3.905, P=0.028) was significant predictor of OS. Of these 68 high-risk patients who recurrence within one year, patients with widespread metastasis had lower SII and worse prognosis (P <0.01).ConclusionHigh SII was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with PHC. However, in patients who recurrence within one year, SII was lower in patients at TNM stage III. Thus, care needs to be taken to differentiate those high-risk patients

Research advances of the establishment and characterization of Helicobacter pylori infection animal models

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a major pathogenic bacterium responsible for gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. The prevention and control of Hp infection pose significant global health challenges, particularly due to the rising antibiotic resistance alongside the current absence of an effective vaccine. This review synthesizes the key elements governing successful model establishment, including strain characteristics, animal host species selection, pre-treatment methods, and infection protocols. It further elaborates on the methods for detecting and quantifying Hp in animal models, including invasive and non-invasive detection techniques for model validation, and explores the potential applications of spatial transcriptomics in this field. Furthermore, the review outlines current progress and limitations in Hp infection modeling. Aimed at supporting preclinical research, this review serves as a practical reference for establishing stable and reproducible animal models that mimic human infection and disease progression, thereby facilitating the evaluation of novel therapeutics and vaccine candidates

Hybrid Cross-Linked Lipase Aggregates with Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Robust and Recyclable Biocatalysis for the Epoxidation of Oleic Acid

Highly stable and easily recyclable-hybrid magnetic cross-linked lipase aggregates (HM-CSL-CLEAs) were prepared by coaggregation of lipase aggregates with nonfunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles and subsequent chemical cross linking with glutaraldehyde. Analysis by SEM and CLSM indicated that the CLEAs were embedded in nanoparticle aggregates instead of covalently immobilized. The resulting HM-CSL-CLEAs exhibited higher thermostability, storage stability, and reusability than standard CLEAs. For example, HM-CSL-CLEAs maintained &gt;60% of their initial activity after 40 min of incubation at 60 degrees C, whereas standard CLEAs lost most of their activities. The HM-CSL-CLEAs can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by an external magnetic field. Moreover, the H2O2 tolerance of the lipase in HM-CSL-CLEAs was also enhanced, which could relieve the inhibitory effect on lipase activity. A high conversion yield (55%) for the epoxidation of oleic acid using H2O2 as oxidizing agent was achieved by HM-CSL-CLEAs.</p