Bivariate Beta-LSTM

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) infers the long term dependency through a cell state maintained by the input and the forget gate structures, which models a gate output as a value in [0,1] through a sigmoid function. However, due to the graduality of the sigmoid function, the sigmoid gate is not flexible in representing multi-modality or skewness. Besides, the previous models lack modeling on the correlation between the gates, which would be a new method to adopt inductive bias for a relationship between previous and current input. This paper proposes a new gate structure with the bivariate Beta distribution. The proposed gate structure enables probabilistic modeling on the gates within the LSTM cell so that the modelers can customize the cell state flow with priors and distributions. Moreover, we theoretically show the higher upper bound of the gradient compared to the sigmoid function, and we empirically observed that the bivariate Beta distribution gate structure provides higher gradient values in training. We demonstrate the effectiveness of bivariate Beta gate structure on the sentence classification, image classification, polyphonic music modeling, and image caption generation.Comment: AAAI 202

Socioeconomic Status and Health: Focusing on Co-Morbidity of Self Rated Health and Psychological Well-Being

Despite the well-documented associations between social and economic positions and diverse health conditions, the necessity and urgency of exploring the social and economic consequences of an array of health dimensions together have been proposed as a critical area of research to fully appreciate socioeconomic-health inequalities. The overall objective of the present study is to estimate the variance and covariation of two dimensions of health, i.e., self-rated health and psychological well-being, simultaneously, with specific attention to the social and economic influences, utilizing the multivariate response model. We use the 2005 National Health Interview Survey. Primary results indicate that variance in both self-rated health and psychological distress becomes attenuated with the adjustment of social and economic status, although variation in each outcome remains unexplained to some substantial degree. In addition, there is a strong and positive relationship between these two health outcomes in that individuals who are unhealthy tend also to have poor psychological resources (correlation = .34) and the substantial portion of co-morbidity between health conditions is attributable to the social and economic factors (about 37%)

Coding scheme for 3D vertical flash memory

Recently introduced 3D vertical flash memory is expected to be a disruptive technology since it overcomes scaling challenges of conventional 2D planar flash memory by stacking up cells in the vertical direction. However, 3D vertical flash memory suffers from a new problem known as fast detrapping, which is a rapid charge loss problem. In this paper, we propose a scheme to compensate the effect of fast detrapping by intentional inter-cell interference (ICI). In order to properly control the intentional ICI, our scheme relies on a coding technique that incorporates the side information of fast detrapping during the encoding stage. This technique is closely connected to the well-known problem of coding in a memory with defective cells. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can effectively address the problem of fast detrapping.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures. accepted to ICC 2015. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.177

Energy-based mechanical model for mixed mode failure of laminated composites

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76674/1/AIAA-12639-806.pd

Computation of Piezo-electric Materials

Piezo -electric materials are materials that will change its shape and size when an electric field is applied to the material. Vice versa, these materials will generate a certain voltage when they are bent, vibrated, or deformed. These materials show promising future , because they link mechanical and electrical properties of a material. In 21st century when electronic devices such as smart phones or touch-screen TV’s depend highly on mechanical input such as human’s touch, developing and researching materials that can link the mechanical and electrical properties can greatly improve the quality of i-phones. The main challenge regarding piezo-electric material research is predicting which microscopic and crystal structure will give the greatest piezo-electric property. There are infinite number of combinations possible in this world to create a piezo-electric material, and this paper focuses on accurately predicting these properties for a given microscopic structure. Manually experimenting and analyzing every combination of piezo-electric materials is laborious and time-consuming, so this paper introduces a computer-generated simulation program that will numerically compute the piezo-electric properties for various materials with different crystal structures. In this paper, two materials: barium Titante and PZT are used as sample materials and were compared to their experimental piezo-electric data