Biometric Indices, Physio-Metabolic Responses and Carcass Quality in Rohu (Labeo rohita) during Feed Deprivation

Understanding changes in biometric indices and metabolism in fish exposed to feed deprivation may be useful in aquaculture. The present study elucidates the effect of feed deprivation on physio-biochemical responses, such as changes in biometric indices, nutrient mobilization patterns, and enzyme activities in rohu (Labeo rohita). Experimental fish (av. wt. 3.41 ± 0.07 g) were deprived of feed and sampled at intervals of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days to measure weight, length, body composition, and the activities of enzymes involved in digestion, metabolism, and antioxidation. A decrease in body weight, condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and gastrosomatic index (GSI) was observed during the initial stage of feed deprivation (15 to 30 days) but remained unchanged thereafter. The total carbohydrate and lipid content also decreased rapidly up until 30 days, then stabilized. However, the reduction in tissue protein content (% wet weight) continued gradually with the duration of feed deprivation from 12.85 ± 0.36 at 0 days to 10.04 ± 0.67 at 15 days, 8.79 ± 0.59 at 30 days, 6.95 ± 0.69 at 45 days, and 6.16 ± 0.8 at 60 days, which was lower, compared to the other two body constituents. Amylase, protease. and lipase activities significantly reduced up until 30 days, but then stabilized. Although G6PDH enzyme activity decreased, gluconeogenic (LDH, AST, and ALT) and antioxidative (SOD and catalase) enzyme activities increased during initial feed deprivation (up to 30 days). A tissue-specific difference in amino acid metabolism with a major role of ALT in liver and AST in muscle was observed. This study revealed that rohu fingerlings adapted well to feed deprivation up until 30 days, beyond which there was an overall deterioration in the metabolic functions

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Not AvailableRealizing the need for capacity building of the development officers ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute conducted a training programme for the trainers as they are the carriers of knowledge and technology to the end users. The present study attempts to assess the effectiveness of the training programme on “Inland Ornamental Fisheries Management for Income Generation”. The study revealed that majority of the respondents expressed high training need (52.38%). The trainers were trained on multiple facets of both culture and income generating aspects of ornamental fisheries. Garret ranking method revealed that Ornamental fish culture and trade had highest value followed by conservation of inland ornamental fishes, and water quality management as perceived by the respondents. A significant correlation coefficient of 0.713 was found between perceived values and needs of the topics which indicates that the training sessions were as per the need of the trainees. Around 52.38 per cent trainees perceived high quality of the training programme. Around 47.62 per cent perceived the training programme as highly useful and satisfactory and 38.1 per cent found it to be highly relevant. For 61.9 per cent respondent, their expectation was fulfilled to a great extent followed. Around 42.86 per cent respondents graded the training programme as excellent. Overall Training Effectiveness Score (TES) was found to be 80.66 per cent. At the end of the programme their feedbacks were also collected for further improvement of the training programme. Findings of the study would help the researchers working in Human Resource Development to devise effective methods of training and capacity building.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableVulnerability of inland fisheries has been universally and unanimously recognized by fisheries experts all over the world. Before some 20-30 years, experts in the field were probably not bothered about sustainability and vulnerability. The sector at present is facing various man-induced and natural problems which are being assessed either qualitatively or quantitatively employing theoretical and/ or experimental methods. Majority of the man-induced problems are due to increase in the fishers’ population, increased dependency on natural fisheries, increasing fishing efforts, capture of juveniles and brooders from the waterbody etc. Majority of the natural problems are due to abnormal floods, siltation leading to reduced water depths, closure of connecting channels of rivers to the wetlands, abnormal drought-like (dry) situations affecting natural fisheries, etc. The present situation in most of the inland water resources can be termed as highly vulnerable both in the resources and fishers points of view. Research efforts are now directed towards developing/ documenting adaptation strategies so that inland fisheries and fishers dependent on such fisheries can cope with ever-increasing climatic vagaries that are facing the entire system. In this chapter, an account of practical, proven and suggestive technologies or practices is presented as adaptation options in inland fisheries vis-à-vis climate change.Not Availabl

Exploring polyculture of small indigenous fshes with major carps in pens as a climate?resilient adaptation strategy for northeastern wetlands of India

Not AvailablePen aquaculture technology, a low-cost aquaculture system for floodplain wetlands of India, was evaluated through a pilot study as an alternative livelihood for increasing adaptive capacity under changing climatic scenario. Five pens (100 m2 area each) were constructed in a floodplain wetland and provisions were made to adjust heights during the monsoon to prevent escapement of fish due to flooding to make it climate-smart adaptation system. Feasibility of culturing high-value locally preferred small indigenous fishes (SIFs), viz. Amblypharyngodon mola, Gudusia chapra and Puntius sophore, along with Indian major carps (IMC) was assessed. Five different species combinations were tested, i.e. P1 (IMC only), P2 (IMC + A. mola @ 30 no./m2), P3 (IMC + G. chapra @ 20 no./m2), P4 (IMC + P. sophore @ 20 no./m2) and P5 (IMC + all three SIFs @ 1/3 of stocking density of each species). The IMC (Labeo catla, L. rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala) were stocked @ 3 no./m2 in all the pens. After 5 months, highest net fish production was obtained from P2 (124.86 kg/pen) followed by P3 (120.19 kg/pen), P5 (105.15 kg/pen), P1 (89.91 kg/pen) and P4 (87.38 kg/pen). The range of water quality parameters recorded during the experimental period was in favourable concentration for fish culture. Economic feasibility analysis of the pen culture operation indicated that culturing IMC with G. chapra or A. mola was more profitable compared to other combinations. The study also showed successful natural recruitment of all the three SIFs in pens indicating that they could breed and continue to support their fishery unlike large carps. With successful culture of fish during flood season, encouraging growth of carps and recruitment of SIFs in pens, it emerged as a potentially effective climate-resilient system which could enhance income and livelihood of the fishers besides providing nutritional security in developing countries

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Not AvailableFeasibility of culturing pengba (Osteobrama belangeri) as a candidate species in polyculture along with other carps in net pen enclosure was studied in Takmu lake, Manipur. A net pen measuring 0.1 ha was constructed using nylon net supported by bamboo poles. The average length and weight of stocked fingerlings (@5 no. m-2) were as follows: pengba (9.4 cm, 10.6 g), Labeo catla (16.1 cm, 39.0 g), Labeo rohita (14.8 cm, 38.6 g), Cirrhinus mrigala (16.2 cm, 41.9 g), Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (14.2 cm, 30.3 g), Ctenopharyngodon idella (22.4 cm, 115.2 g) and Cyprinus carpio (14.8 cm, 55.1 g). Fishes were fed pelleted feed (23.4% crude protein) @ 5% of body weight twice-a-day for 180 days. Highest growth (in terms of weight gain % and specific growth rate) was recorded in pengba followed by C. idella, L. catla, C. mrigala, L. rohita, C. carpio and H. molitrix. The pen aquaculture system was also found to be economically viable with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.37. In conclusion, net pen aquaculture of pengba along with other carps is economically viable and technically feasible in floodplain wetlands of Manipur.ICA

Biometric Indices, Physio-Metabolic Responses and Carcass Quality in Rohu (Labeo rohita) during Feed Deprivation

Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research ICAR), New Delhi, India. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Understanding changes in biometric indices and metabolism in fish exposed to feed deprivation may be useful in aquaculture. The present study elucidates the effect of feed deprivation on physio-biochemical responses, such as changes in biometric indices, nutrient mobilization patterns, and enzyme activities in rohu (Labeo rohita). Experimental fish (av. wt. 3.41 ± 0.07 g) were deprived of feed and sampled at intervals of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days to measure weight, length, body composition, and the activities of enzymes involved in digestion, metabolism, and antioxidation. A decrease in body weight, condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and gastrosomatic index (GSI) was observed during the initial stage of feed deprivation (15 to 30 days) but remained unchanged thereafter. The total carbohydrate and lipid content also decreased rapidly up until 30 days, then stabilized. However, the reduction in tissue protein content (% wet weight) continued gradually with the duration of feed deprivation from 12.85 ± 0.36 at 0 days to 10.04 ± 0.67 at 15 days, 8.79 ± 0.59 at 30 days, 6.95 ± 0.69 at 45 days, and 6.16 ± 0.8 at 60 days, which was lower, compared to the other two body constituents. Amylase, protease. and lipase activities significantly reduced up until 30 days, but then stabilized. Although G6PDH enzyme activity decreased, gluconeogenic (LDH, AST, and ALT) and antioxidative (SOD and catalase) enzyme activities increased during initial feed deprivation (up to 30 days). A tissue-specific difference in amino acid metabolism with a major role of ALT in liver and AST in muscle was observed. This study revealed that rohu fingerlings adapted well to feed deprivation up until 30 days, beyond which there was an overall deterioration in the metabolic functions.Peer reviewe

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Not AvailableIndia is blessed with vast floodplain wetland resources of 0.5 million ha that are distributed in the Eastern and North Eastern States. They possess varying morphometry, ecological profile, trophic status and biota, and harbor around 96 fish species, however the fish diversity is declining in recent years due to anthropogenic and other stressors including climate change. The wetlands are serving the need for fish from sustenance level to high intensity with varying management regimes. The average fish yield realized from these wetlands was very low as 50 kg ha 1 yr 1 against the annual potential of 2000 kg ha 1 yr 1 . The fish yield from these resources has enhanced through adoption of culture based fisheries and the average yield has increased to 400 kg ha 1 yr 1 . The increase in fish yield is about 20% of the production potential and there exists wide scope for developing integrated management strategies for optimizing the fish yield. Insufficient access to scientific knowledge and technologies, loss of biodiversity, habitat degradation, poor fisheries infrastructure, weak financial capacity, lack of co-operative approach, poor linkages and unorganized institutional arrangements pose challenges in achieving the potential. The present review synthesizes the updated information available on floodplain wetlands and the changes and developments during the last few decades with reference to ecology, fisheries, biodiversity, production potential, threats, institutional arrangements, governance and recommends strategies for conservation and sustainable fisheries development.Not Availabl