Disentangling the effects of jasmonate and tissue loss on the sex allocation of an annual plant.

Selection through pollinators plays a major role in the evolution of reproductive traits. However, herbivory can also induce changes in plant sexual expression and sexual systems, potentially influencing conditions governing transitions between sexual systems. Previous work has shown that herbivory has a strong effect on sex allocation in the wind-pollinated annual plant Mercurialis annua, likely via responses to resource loss. It is also known that many plants respond to herbivory by inducing signaling, and endogenous responses to it, via the plant hormone jasmonate. Here, we attempt to uncouple the effects of herbivory on sex allocation in M. annua through resource limitation (tissue loss) versus plant responses to jasmonate hormone signaling. We used a two-factorial experiment with four treatment combinations: control, herbivory (25% chronic tissue loss), jasmonate, and combined herbivory and jasmonate. We estimated the effects of tissue loss and defense-inducing hormones on reproductive allocation, male reproductive effort, and sex allocation. Tissue loss caused plants to reduce their male reproductive effort, resulting in changes in total sex allocation. However, application of jasmonate after herbivory reversed its effect on male investment. Our results show that herbivory has consequences on plant sex expression and sex allocation, and that defense-related hormones such as jasmonate can buffer the impacts. We discuss the physiological mechanisms that might underpin the effects of herbivory on sex allocation, and their potential implications for the evolution of plant sexual systems

[correspondence] Brief aan Ferdinand Vander Haeghen te Gent.

Record 000036673 versmolten met record 000065810

[correspondence] Brief aan Ferdinand Vander Haeghen te Gent.

Record 000036651 versmolten met record 000065788

Method to compensate dispersion effect applied to time domain reflectometry

International audienceA new post-processing approach which aims at reducing the dispersion effect of the wave travelling inside a waveguide is presented. The main objective is to improve the time domain reflectometry measurements performed over long-distance cables, relative to the wavelength λ. A real-case scenario is presented so that the gain of this method can be appreciated. Introduction: Cables are present in almost all modern systems. These cables are subject to several electrical, chemical and mechanical stresses. Depending on the application area, such degradation can lead to hard faults (short or open circuits) and therefore catastrophic consequences [1]. Reflectometry methods are commonly used for assessing transmission lines [2]. This Letter overcomes reflectometry's limitations by proposing a signal processing technique based on dynamic cross-correlation for the detection and the localisation of faults over long-distance cables

"Bibliotheca mariana" de la Compagnie de Jésus, par Carlos Sommervogel,...

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Dictionnaire des ouvrages anonymes et pseudonymes publiés par des religieux de la Compagnie de Jésus depuis sa fondation jusqu'à nos jours, par Carlos Sommervogel,.... II. R - Z. Supplément : Aage-Casaletti

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