Archeota, Fall/Winter 2021

Archeota is a platform for SJSU iSchool students to contribute to the archival conversation. It is written BY students, FOR students. It provides substantive content on archival concerns and issues, and promotes professional development in the field of archival studies. Archeota upholds the core values of the archival profession. Contents: A Brief History of Kanaka Oiwi Archives: Internship at the Hula Preservation Society by Marcus Opunui Ortiz The Fascinating and Macabre Art of Anthropodermic Bibliopegy: A Book Review of Dark Archives by Katie Perry Building an Archive of Local History: Internship at the Convent and Stuart Hall School by Jennifer Pesek Archiving the Immigrant Experience: Internship at the Scandinavian American Cultural and Historical Foundation by Erin Sommers Introducing SJSU iSchool Student Sophia Bogle: Book Conservator, Educator, Author, Lifelong Learner by Heather Reinold ARCHIVES * RECORDS 2021: 85th Annual Meeting of the Society of American Archivist by Sereen Suleiman An Interview with Heather Reinold: Meet the Newest Member of the Archeota Team by Kelli Roisman Spartan Daily Newspaper Archives: A Look Back at One Day in 1950 by Kelli Roisman Event Information for the Society of American Archivists Student Chapter at SJSU: October 19, 2021 Virtual Event: ONE Archives at USC Libraries Virtual Event with Loni A. Shibuyama, ONE Archives Archivist & Librarian November 3, 2021 Virtual Event: J. Paul Getty Trust Institutional Records & Archives Virtual Event with Jennifer Thompson, Records Analyst & Archivist December 7, 2021 Virtual Event: Exploring Career Options and Charting Your Path with Cyndi Shein, Head of Special Collections & Archives Technical Services, University of Nevada, Las Vegas Archives February 15, 2022 Virtual Event: Celebrating African American History: SJSU’s Civil Rights and Campus Protest Collection with Craig Simpson, Director of Special Collections & Archives at SJSU Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Library March 15, 2022 Virtual Event: The Writer’s Guild Foundation with Hillary Swett, Archivist April 20, 2022 Virtual Event: Labriola National American Indian Data Center with Alexander Soto, Curator/Librarianhttps://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/saasc_archeota/1014/thumbnail.jp

The ‘doing’ and ‘undoing’ of male household decision-making and economic authority in Rwanda and its implications for gender transformative programming

This paper explores two key norms that can underpin intimate partner violence (IPV) in Rwanda: men’s role as economic provider and decision-making authority in the household. It describes the political, legal and socio-economic factors affecting these norms and how they create opportunities and barriers to ‘undoing’ restrictive gender norms. The findings are drawn from an evaluation of Inadshyikirwa, an IPV prevention programme operating in Rwanda. Across 3 intervention sectors, 24 focus groups were conducted with unmarried and married men and women residing in intervention communities. 30 interviews with couples and 9 interviews with opinion leaders were conducted before they completed programme trainings designed to shift gender norms underlying IPV. The data indicates a strong awareness of and accountability to Rwandan laws and policies supporting women’s economic empowerment and decision-making, yet also persisting traditional notions of men as household heads and primary breadwinners. Transgression of these norms could be accommodated in some circumstances, especially those involving economic necessity. The data also identified an increasing recognition of the value of a more equitable partnership model. This paper highlights the importance of carefully assessing cracks in the existing gender order that can be exploited to support gender equality and non-violence

Correspondence Between Perceived Pubertal Development and Hormone Levels in 9-10 Year-Olds From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Aim: To examine individual variability between perceived physical features and hormones of pubertal maturation in 9-10-year-old children as a function of sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Cross-sectional metrics of puberty were utilized from the baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study—a multi-site sample of 9–10 year-olds (n = 11,875)—and included perceived physical features via the pubertal development scale (PDS) and child salivary hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone in all, and estradiol in females). Multi-level models examined the relationships among sociodemographic measures, physical features, and hormone levels. A group factor analysis (GFA) was implemented to extract latent variables of pubertal maturation that integrated both measures of perceived physical features and hormone levels. Results: PDS summary scores indicated more males (70%) than females (31%) were prepubertal. Perceived physical features and hormone levels were significantly associated with child\u27s weight status and income, such that more mature scores were observed among children that were overweight/obese or from households with low-income. Results from the GFA identified two latent factors that described individual differences in pubertal maturation among both females and males, with factor 1 driven by higher hormone levels, and factor 2 driven by perceived physical maturation. The correspondence between latent factor 1 scores (hormones) and latent factor 2 scores (perceived physical maturation) revealed synchronous and asynchronous relationships between hormones and concomitant physical features in this large young adolescent sample. Conclusions: Sociodemographic measures were associated with both objective hormone and self-report physical measures of pubertal maturation in a large, diverse sample of 9-10 year-olds. The latent variables of pubertal maturation described a complex interplay between perceived physical changes and hormone levels that hallmark sexual maturation, which future studies can examine in relation to trajectories of brain maturation, risk/resilience to substance use, and other mental health outcomes

I. Chromium(III)-catalyzed carbometalation of alkynes. II. Chromium(III)-catalyzed synthesis of allenes via a syn-carbometalation/syn-elimination sequence. III. Palladium(0)-catalyzed synthesis of ene-allenes via cross-coupling reactions with alkenyl trifluoroborates

I. Chromium(III)-catalyzed carbometalation of alkynes. Transition metal-catalyzed methods to manipulate unfunctionalized, unsaturated carbon bonds provide access to compounds otherwise difficult to synthesize by standard organic chemistry methods. In this work the generation of substituted alkenes from alkynes in the presence of cationic chromium(III) complexes is explored.* II. Chromium(III)-catalyzed synthesis of allenes. Interest in allenes as biologically active compounds and as chiral transfer reagents has driven the development of general methods for their synthesis. Many syntheses of allenes have been reported; however, few are able to achieve their synthesis with high functional group tolerance and in high enantiomeric excess. Efforts to expand the current methods for the synthesis of allenes are presented herein. Specifically, the syn-carbometalation/ syn-elimination of propargylic substrates via chromium(III) catalysis to produce allenes is reported.* III. Palladium(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction to synthesize ene-allenes. A second method to synthesize allenes is presented. In particular, ene-allenes possessing various functional groups are synthesized in good yields from propargylic carbonates through a Suzuki Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Additionally, chiral non-racemic ene-allenes are produced with moderate to high enantiomeric excess from propargylic phosphates.* *Please refer to dissertation for diagrams

I. Chromium(III)-catalyzed carbometalation of alkynes. II. Chromium(III)-catalyzed synthesis of allenes via a syn-carbometalation/syn-elimination sequence. III. Palladium(0)-catalyzed synthesis of ene-allenes via cross-coupling reactions with alkenyl trifluoroborates

I. Chromium(III)-catalyzed carbometalation of alkynes. Transition metal-catalyzed methods to manipulate unfunctionalized, unsaturated carbon bonds provide access to compounds otherwise difficult to synthesize by standard organic chemistry methods. In this work the generation of substituted alkenes from alkynes in the presence of cationic chromium(III) complexes is explored.* II. Chromium(III)-catalyzed synthesis of allenes. Interest in allenes as biologically active compounds and as chiral transfer reagents has driven the development of general methods for their synthesis. Many syntheses of allenes have been reported; however, few are able to achieve their synthesis with high functional group tolerance and in high enantiomeric excess. Efforts to expand the current methods for the synthesis of allenes are presented herein. Specifically, the syn-carbometalation/ syn-elimination of propargylic substrates via chromium(III) catalysis to produce allenes is reported.* III. Palladium(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction to synthesize ene-allenes. A second method to synthesize allenes is presented. In particular, ene-allenes possessing various functional groups are synthesized in good yields from propargylic carbonates through a Suzuki Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Additionally, chiral non-racemic ene-allenes are produced with moderate to high enantiomeric excess from propargylic phosphates.* *Please refer to dissertation for diagrams

Stereotype Threat Among Black Men Following Exposure to Rap Music

Stereotype threat theory argues that reminders of negative stereotypes about one's stigmatized identity can undermine performance, but few studies have examined this phenomenon among Black Americans. Drawing from the literature on the impact of mass media on stereotype activation, we examine whether exposure to rap music induces stereotype threat among Black men. In two studies, incidental exposure to violent/misogynistic rap, but not conscious hip-hop or pop music, impaired Black (but not White) men's cognitive performance (Experiments 1 and 2), but only when the artist was ostensibly Black (vs. White; Experiment 2). These effects were conditionally mediated by stereotype activation, such that listening to a Black (but not White) rapper activated negative stereotypes about Black people for both Black and White participants but only impaired performance among Black participants (Experiment 2). This suggests that exposure to some forms of artistic expression may activate culturally shared stereotypes and obstruct academic success among stigmatized groups