Measurement of Upper Limb Sway during Partial Weight-Bearing with Three Ambulatory Aids

取得学位 : 博士（保健学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1783号, 学位授与年月日 : 平成18年3月22日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大学, 主査 :立野 勝彦 , 副査 :細 正博, 染矢 富士

Neuromagnetic Activation of Primaryand Secondary Somatosensory Cortex Following Tactile-on and Tactile-off Stimulation

Objective Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings were performed to investigate the cortical activation following tactile-on and tactile-off stimulation. Methods We used a 306-ch whole-head MEG system and a tactile stimulator driven by a piezoelectric actuator. Tactile stimuli were applied to the tip of right index finger. The interstimulus interval was set at 2000 ms, which included a constant stimulus of 1000 ms duration. Results Prominent somatosensory evoked magnetic fields were recorded from the contralateral hemisphere at 57.5 ms and 133.0 ms after the onset of tactile-on stimulation and at 58.2 ms and 138.5 ms after the onset of tactile-off stimulation. All corresponding equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) were located in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). Moreover, long-latency responses (168.7 ms after tactile-on stimulation, 169.8 ms after tactile-off stimulation) were detected from the ipsilateral hemisphere. The ECDs of these signals were identified in the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII). Conclusions The somatosensory evoked magnetic fields waveforms elicited by the two tactile stimuli (tactile-on and tactile-off stimuli) with a mechanical stimulator were strikingly similar. These mechanical stimuli elicited both contralateral SI and ipsilateral SII activities. Significance Tactile stimulation with a mechanical stimulator provides new possibilities for experimental designs in studies of the human mechanoreceptor system

Study of Kinetic and Electromyography of Dream Plastic Ankle Foot Orthoses while Walking and Stair Descending

本研究の目的は、「装具なし」、「プラスチック製短下肢装具」(以下、P-AFO)、「摩擦制動継手付短下肢装具 (ドリームブレース : Dream Plastic Ankle Foot Orthoses)」(以下、DP-AFO) 装着の3条件で、装具装着側下肢の力学的および筋電図学的解析を行うことである。インフォームド・コンセントの得られた健常成人を対象に、一側下肢の足部に装具を装着し、平地歩行および階段降り動作を行った。使用機器は、三次元動作解析装置および床反力計を使用し、装具装着側下肢の関節角度、関節モーメントの測定および筋電図の記録を行った。解析は、装具装着側下肢が床面および階段面に接地している区間を3条件で比較検討した。その結果、ドリームブレースは、正常歩行に近似した関節角度、関節モーメントおよび筋活動を再現していることが明らかになった。The purpose of this study was to investigate a kinetic and electromyogram analysis of the Dream Plastic Ankle Foot Orthoses (DP-AFO) while walking and descending staircases. One healthy adult participated in this study. DP-AFO was attached to one of the legs of the subject, assuming that the limb was affected. The movement was measured with 3D motion analysis system (VICON 512) and force plates (AMTI). We compared the state of the limb, when the foot was touching the floor or the stair. As a result, it was clarified that the DP-AFO reproduces the joint angle, the joint moment, and the EMG activities of normal walking

Local Heine-Abarenkov Potential of Alkali Metals

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。A local Heine-Abarenkov model potential satisfying the energy minimum condition of the crystal is presented for alkali metals. The remaining parameter is determined from the first zero of the original pseudopotential by Animalu and Heine themselves using the atomic energy levels from spectroscopic data. The local Heine-Abarenkov potential obtained is noticeably different for Li from the previous models. Then, the crystal energy, pressure and bulk modulus of alkali metals are calculated and compared with the results of the previous models by other workers. The third order contributions are also investigated, and their effects are not negligible but small for alkali metals except Li

Effect of warm-up exercise on delayed-onset muscle soreness

This study investigated whether a warm-up exercise consisting of 100 submaximal concentric contractions would attenuate delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and decreases in muscle strength associated with eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Ten male students performed two bouts of the elbow flexor exercise consisting of 12 maximal eccentric contractions with a warm-up exercise for one arm (WU) and without warm-up for the other arm (control: CON) in a randomised, counterbalanced order separated by 4 weeks. Muscle temperature of the biceps brachii prior to the exercise was compared between the arms, and muscle activity of the biceps brachii during the exercise was assessed by surface integral electromyogram (iEMG). Changes in visual analog scale for muscle soreness and maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength (MVC) of the elbow flexors were assessed before, immediately after, and every 24 hours for 5 days following exercise, and compared between the WU and CON conditions by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The pre-exercise biceps brachii muscle temperature was significantly (p < 0.01) higher for the WU (35.8 ± 0.2℃) than CON condition (34.4 ± 0.2℃), but no significant differences in iEMG and torque produced during exercise were evident between conditions. Changes in muscle soreness and MVC were not significantly different between conditions, although these variables showed significant (p<0.05) changes over time. It was concluded that the warm-up exercise was not effective in mitigating DOMS and loss of muscle strength following maximal eccentric exercise