Special version of the subdomain method for a class of integral equations of the third kind in the space of distributions

In this paper we suggest and substantiate special direct methods for finding approximate solutions to integral equations of the third kind in the space of distributions. We consider a general case of location of zeroes of a coefficient. The method is based on using the Kantorovich polynomials. © 2014 Allerton Press, Inc

Evidence and ideology as a rationale for light-therapy in Russia: from the Soviet Union to the present day.

Light therapy is still used to treat a number of common diseases in Russia. The practice is firmly anchored in history: Soviet clinical practice was divorced from the emerging field of evidence-based medicine. Medical researchers were cut off from international medical research and scientific literature, with much Soviet scientific activity based on a particular socialist ideology. In this study, the use of light therapy serves as a case study to explore tensions between international evidence-based medicine and practices developed in isolation under the Soviet Union, the legacy of which is to the detriment of many patients today. We used four different search methods to uncover scientific and grey literature, both historical and contemporary. We assessed the changing frequency of publications over time and contrasted the volume of literature on light therapy with more orthodox treatments such as statins and painkillers. Our search found an increasing number and comparatively large body of scientific publications on light therapy in the Russian language, and many publications emanating from prestigious Russian institutions. Combined with our analysis of the historical literature and our appraisal of 22 full text articles, this leads us to suggest that light therapy entered mainstream Soviet medical practice before the Stalinist period and still occupies an important position in contemporary Russian clinical practice. We propose that this outdated treatment survives in Russia in part due to the political, economic and social forces that helped to popularize it during Soviet times, and by the seeming justification offered by poorly executed studies

Template synthesis in the Cu(II)-dihydrazinomethanethione-acetone ternary system

Complex formation in the Cu(II)-dihydrazinomethanethione (H 2NHN-CS-NHNH2)-acetone ternary system in an ethanol solution containing CuCl2, dihydrazinomethanethione, and acetone, as well as on contact of gelatin-immobilized copper(II) hecacyanoferrate(II) with alkaline (pH >10) aqueous solutions containing the above organic compounds was studied. It was found that template synthesis is realized in both cases but gives different products: in the first case, a heteroligand chelate of CuL 1(OH) with 9-hydrazino-9-mercapto-4,6,6-trimethyl-2,3,7,8- tetraazanona-3,8-dienethiohydrazide and hydroxide ion is formed, while in the second, a chelate of CuL2 with 2,8,10,10,16-pentamethyl-3,4,6,7,11, 12,14,15-octaazaheptadeca-2,5,7,12,15-pentaene-5,13-dithiol. In both cases, dihydrazinomethanethione and acetone function as ligsons. A scheme of involved processes is suggested. © 2009 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Reerernces:

Synthesis and aggregation properties of thiacalix[4]arene tetra-N-acylamides

© 2015 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. First 1,3-alternate p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arenes containing N-acylamide fragments have been synthesized by reaction of thiacalix[4]arene carboxylic acid chlorides with 2-substituted 4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazoles, and their aggregation properties have been studied

Synthesis and extraction properties of preorganized host molecules based on tetraamides of thiacalix[4]arene

Template effect of alkali metal ions was employed to prepare three isomers of tetraamide of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene: cone, partial cone and 1,3-alternate. It was demonstrated that pre-organization of four amide fragments attached to the calix[4]arene platform has a strong macrocyclic cooperative effect on the extraction ability of the title hosts. © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc

The outer-sphere association of p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene with some Co(III) complexes: The effect on their redox activity in aqueous solutions

The effect of the ion-pairing of Co(III) complexes with p-sulfonatothiacalix[4]arene (STCA) on Fe(II)-Co(III) electron transfer rate was evaluated from the analysis and comparison of kinetic data in double Co(III)-Fe(II) and triple Co(III)-Fe(II)-STCA systems at various concentration conditions. Complexes [Co(en)3]3+(1), [Co(en) 2ox]+(2), [Co(dipy)3]3+ (3), [Co(His)2]+(4) and [Fe(CN)6]4- were chosen as Co(III) and Fe(II) compounds. The effect of STCA was found to correlate with the association mode. The outer-sphere association with STCA was found to exhibit the insignificant effect on Fe(II)-Co(III) electron transfer k et constants for complexes 3 and 4 with bulky and rigid chelate rings, while more sufficient inclusion of flexible ethylendiaminate rings of 1 and 2 into the cavity of STCA results in the unusual increase of k et. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc

Synthesis and structure of lower rim-substituted alkynyl derivatives of thiacalix[4]arene

© 2015 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Lower-rim substituted bis- and tetrakis(alkynyloxy)thiacalix[4]arenes in cone and 1,3-alternate configurations were synthesized by the Mitsunobu reaction, and their structure was determined using homoand heteronuclear one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. Bis(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)thiacalix[4]arene was found to exist in conformational equilibrium whose position depends on the temperature and reaction conditions

Cooperative intramolecular hydrogen bond and conformations of thiocalix[4]arene molecules

The joint FTIR spectroscopic study and ab initio quantum-chemical calculations (HF/3-21G and PBE/TZ2P methods) showed that thiocalix[4] arene molecules adopt the cone conformation in CCl4 solutions. The weakening of the cooperative intramolecular H bond in thiocalix[4]arenes compared to the corresponding calix[4]arenes can be due to the larger thiocalixarene macrocycle, bifurcated hydrogen bond in it, and electron density transfer from the bridging S atom to the benzene ring

Клинико-функциональные предикторы неконтролируемого течения бронхиальной астмы

The purpose of our work was to describe clinical and functional predictors of uncontrolled asthma. Methods. Two hundred and eighty patients with mild to severe asthma have been selected in 2009 – 2011. A comprehensive examination was performed at baseline and 5 years later. The odds ratio and confidence intervals for potential causative factors of uncontrolled asthma were calculated. Results. Inadequate asthma therapy, smoking and upper airway diseases were significant factors in patients with moderate asthma. Age > 60 years, comorbid ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and hypertension, and inadequate asthma therapy were statistically significant predictors of asthma control in patients with severe asthma. In 5 years of follow-up, prevalence of IHD and hypertension has increased. Conclusion. Poor asthma control is unusual in patients with asthma. Potential reasons of uncontrolled asthma course were determined.Бронхиальная астма (БА) является одним из самых распространенных заболеваний. Однако у большей части больных, несмотря на наличие схем лечения, контролируемого течения БА достичь не удается. Целью данного исследования явилось выявление основных клинико-функциональных предикторов неконтролируемого течения БА. Материалы и методы. В 2009–2011 гг. набрана группа пациентов с БА (n = 280) различной степени тяжести. У всех больных проводилось полное клинико-функциональное обследование – в 2009–2011 гг. и в динамике через 5 лет. Также выполнялись развернутый и биохимический анализы крови, определение цитокинового профиля и артериальной ригидности; исследование функции внешнего дыхания с помощью спирометрии и бодиплетизмографии. Анализировались показатели работы сердечно-сосудистой системы по данным электрокардиографии, эхокардиографии, проводилась неинвазивная артериография. Оценивались эластические и функциональные свойства аорты во время анализа характеристик пульсовой волны. Результаты. С помощью расчета значений отношения шансов и доверительного интервала выявлены возможные причины неконтролируемого течения БА в зависимости от тяжести. Выявлена значительная роль неадекватной базисной терапии, курения и ЛОР-патологии у больных среднетяжелой БА. Показано, что наиболее значимыми статистически значимыми причинами, влияющими на достижение контроля над БА тяжелого течения, являются возраст старше 60 лет, сопутствующие ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС) и гипертоническая болезнь (ГБ), а также неадекватная базисная терапия. Помимо этого, в динамике через 5 лет отмечается рост заболеваемости ГБ и присоединение ИБС различных форм. Заключение. У больных БА установлены низкий уровень контроля и возможные связанные с этим причины