Relationship of some risk factors and symptoms in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the major causes of death in the worldwide. Clinical manifestations are different. So it's necessary to have knowledge about the types of symptoms experienced by patients with ACS. This study was performed to assay the Relationship of some risk factors and symptoms in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This cross-sectional study, were studied 294 patients with acute coronary syndrome at least 24 hours after admission had survived. Data was collected by a questionnaire that included demographic data form and check list of some symptoms and history of risk factors. There was a significant relationship between STEMI with vomiting (OR=1.94) and anxiety (OR=1.83) and UA with vomiting (OR=0.42). Between sex with weakness (OR=2.29) and anxiety (OR=1.82), diabetes with dyspenea (OR=1.8), weakness (OR=1.02) and tinnitus (OR=2.06) and hyperlipidemia with weakness (OR=2.35) and tinnitus (OR=2.49) was available significant difference. The findings of this study indicate that the appearance of symptoms of acute coronary syndrome were different as for ECG changes and risk factors, and more focused on those symptoms that they are common with any other diseases. Since, many of the symptoms of acute coronary syndrome can be potentially dangerous and life threatening, accurate diagnosis and timely action is crucial for the patients

The menopausal age and associated factors in Gorgan, Iran

Background: Considering the physical, emotional and psychological complications of early or delayed menopause on women's life, it is necessary to determine associated factors of menopause age. This study designed to determine menopausal age and associated factors in women of Gorgan, i.e. the capital of Golestan province in the north-east of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 804 menopausal women in Gorgan were selected via two-stage sampling method in 2009. The study included only women who had undergone natural menopause and had their last menstrual bleeding at least one year before. Data were gathered through structured questionnaire that included individual characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics, menstrual and fertility characteristics and climacteric complaints. Socioeconomic status was defined using principal component analysis. Data were analyzed with Tstudent's and ANOVA tests using SPSS version 16 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows. Results: The mean menopause age was 47.6±4.45 years with the median age of 48 years. The mean menopause age in women with first pregnancy before 30 years (47.58±4.47years), without pregnancy (46.26±4.90years) and without delivery (46.30±4.47years) was significantly lower than others (p 0.05). Socioeconomic status was not associated significantly with menopause age (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study illustrated that menstrual and fertility factors have influence on menopausal age while socioeconomic factors were not effective

Bioaccumulation of Nickel and Lead by Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon) and Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) from Two Contaminated Soils

Soil and sediments of the estuaries and wetlands in Northwest of Persian Gulf are recently polluted with different heavy metals because of municipal and industrial wastewaters. Therefore an urgent soil cleaning up and remediation program is vital in this region. Consequently, this study was initiated to screen two plant species (Festuca arundinacea and Cynodon dactylon) for hyperaccumulation of nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) as one of the candidate methods for cleaning-up soil and sediments of Shadegan wetland. Soil samples (0-30 cm) were collected from two sites in the wetland. The soil samples were treated with solutions of Ni and Pb separately which resulted into content of 50 and 100 mg kg-1 of metals in each soil. Thereafter, the plants were sown in the soils under greenhouse conditions and harvested after 10 weeks. Ni and Pb contents were measured in root and shoot of plants. Results showed that accumulation of Ni and Pb in tall fescue roots were significantly (P<0.05) greater than that in Bermuda grass. The amounts of Pb in root and shoot of plants were increased when soil Pb contents were increased from 50 to 100 mg kg-1 while Ni contents were only increased in the roots in response to increase in soil Ni content. The comparing of the shoot-root ratio showed that Pb accumulation in the roots of both plants was higher than that in the shoots, while for Ni was reverse. Due to difference in backgrounds of soil metal contents and soil characteristics, accumulation of Ni and Pb by plants were different in two soils

Psychometric properties of the king spiritual intelligence questionnaire (KSIQ) in physical veterans of Iran-Iraq warfare

Aims: The study's purpose was to determine reliability and validity of the King spiritual intelligence questionnaires in veterans of Iran-Iraq Warfare. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 300 veterans of the Iran-Iraq war completed the King spiritual intelligence questionnaires. Principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation was used to assess domain structure of the King spiritual intelligence questionnaires. Internal and external consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Internal consistency of King spiritual intelligence questions estimated with Cronbach's alpha, 0.872 and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).872 (CI 95%: 0.84 -0.89). The construct validity of the questionnaire was calculated using exploratory factor analysis that showed 3 factors with Eigen values of greater than one, which explained in total 44.7% of the variance. (1, 8 items, α= 0.87; 2, 5. items; α = 0.89; 3, 2 items, α= 0.51). Conclusion: The Persian version of King spiritual intelligence questionnaire demonstrated suitable validity and reliability among the Veterans of Iran-Iraq Warfare. With the consideration of the proper psychometric characteristics, this questionnaire can be used to further research spiritual intelligence in this population

Larvicidial effects of essential oil and methanol extract of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch (Asteraceae) against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae), a malaria vector

Background: Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of many pathogens and parasites and consequently serious diseases in humans. Currently, application of plant derivatives has been suggested as an alternative bio-control technique for these medically important vectors. Methods: In this study the essential oil and methanol extract of Achillea wilhelmsii were tested against late-3rd or young-4th instar larvae stages of mosquito vector, Anopheles stephensi, under laboratory condition. The larval mortality was calculated after 24 h of the exposure period. Data were subjected to Probit analysis in order to estimate the lethal concentration for 50% and 90% of mortality values. Results: Results showed that the essential oil induced 100% larval mortality of An. stephensi larvae after 24 h with a dosage of 160 ppm, However, a dosage of 320 ppm of methanol extract was required to reach 100% larval mortality.The essential oil methanol extract exerted significant larvicidal activity with LC50 values of 39.04 and 115.73 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: Our finding suggests that A. wilhelmsii oil is a potential source and has valuable larvicidal compounds for mosquito larval control. © 2017, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Symptomatic lymphocele after kidney transplantation: a single-center experience.

INTRODUCTION: In a retrospective study, we evaluated the frequency, clinical presentation, and management of lymphocele in kidney transplant recipients operated on in a single center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between September 1984 and June 2005, we had 2147 kidney transplantations from living donors. During the follow-up period, ultrasonography was performed in symptomatic patients and those with elevated serum creatinine level postoperatively. Other radiological procedures were done in complicated cases. Patients with lymphocele were treated by percutaneous drainage with or without injection of sclerotizing agent (povidone iodine). If recurrence occurred, surgical intraperitoneal drainage was performed. In cases with multiloculated collection or inappropriate access for percutaneous drainage, the primary approach was surgical intraperitoneal drainage. RESULTS: Symptomatic lymphocele collection was seen in 17 kidney recipients of our series (0.8; 95 confidence interval, 0.4 to 1.2). It presented with elevation of serum creatinine concentrations (47.1), pain and abdominopelvic swelling (29.4), and lower extremity edema (23.5). Percutaneous drainage was used for the treatment of lymphocele in 11 patients, but recurrence occurred in 7 (63.6). These cases were treated with open surgical drainage. In 6 patients, the primary approach was surgical intraperitoneal drainage, because of multiloculated collection or inappropriate access for percutaneous drainage. All of the patients were treated successfully and no graft loss occurred during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic lymphocele is an uncommon complication after kidney transplantation. Surgical intraperitoneal drainage is the most effective approach for the management of symptomatic lymphocele

What is the most effective method of pain reduction during intravenous cannulation in children? A systematic review and meta-analysis study

Introduction: Pain is one of the various outcomes of intravenous cannulation. There are various methods of pain reduction during intravenous cannulation. Still there is not any agreement about the most effective analgesic method. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determine the most effective method of pain reduction during intravenous cannulation in childrenn. Materials and methods: All previous relevant studies in the databases were reviewed using Cochrane protocol and sensitive and standard keywords such as pain, children and intravenous cannulation, from 1995 to 2013. The extraction and evaluation of studies were performed by two individuals. CONSORT checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Samples homogeneity was assessed using the tau-square estimates. The random effects model was used to report the pooled average estimates for the most effective method on pain reduction during intravenous cannulation. Results: systematic review of 14409 studies determined that only 30 studies had the inclusion criteria. Nineteen studies were entered the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis study showed that EMLA was the most effective method in comparing control/ placebo among the other various ones. Among the treatments comparison, IontophoresisLidocaine was the most effective in compare with EMLA. Conclusion: EMLA cream was the most effective treatment in reducing the pain of intravenous cannulation. Although lidocaine injection methods such as Iontophoresis, as a new method, can produce more rapid, effective and satisfying pain reduction than other alternatives. © 2016, Semnan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Study of morphological characteristics and frequency of Dendrobranchiata larval shrimp in artificial reefs of Khuzestan coasts, Bahrekan area

This study was done to identify larval stages and biodiversity of Dendrobranchiata planktonic communites in artificial reefs of Khuzestan coasts(Bahrekan area in Northwest Persian gulf) for one year from May 2011 to April 2012 monthly basis. Sampling was conducted using a plankton net with a spring 300 micrometers. Totally, from two superfamily: Penaeoidea and Sergestoidea, 3 families: Sergestidae, Luciferidae, Penaeidae were identified.From Penaeidae family, Metapenaeus affinis ,Penaeus indicus and Parapenaeopsis stylifera species, from Luciferidae family, Lucifer hanseni specie and from Sergestidae family, Acetes sp specie were identified and introduced. Also larval density of identified species in different months and stations are calculated and determined Metapenaeus affinis specie (With the average of number per cubic meter in 1029±830) from Penaeidae family account for larval density is maximum in September. Finally, two abundance peak was observed that the first peak was in September and the second peak was in November. The maximum of relative frequency percentage in Penaeoidea superfamily related to mysisI stage and 62 percentage. The results obtained indicate that the artificial structures are well managed nursery area for Penaeidae shrimp. The maximum average value of Shanon-wiener index was in November (1.36) due to the presence of all species in the same month. Simpson index was lowest in November, which confirms the above conclusion

The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Parameters of Mental Health, Glycemic Control, Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk, and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of melatonin supplementation on parameters of mental health, glycemic control, markers of cardiometabolic risk, and oxidative stress in diabetic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 60 diabetic HD patients, 18-80 years of age. Participants were randomly divided into 2 groups to take either melatonin (2 x 5mg/day) (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) 1 hour before bedtime for 12 weeks. The effects of melatonin on mental health, metabolic status, and gene expression related to metabolic status were assessed using multiple linear regression adjusting for age and BMI. Results: Melatonin supplementation significantly decreased Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (P =.007), Beck Depression Inventory index (P =.001), and Beck Anxiety Inventory index (P =.01) compared with the placebo. Additionally, melatonin administration significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (β = �21.77 mg/dL, 95 CI �33.22 to �10.33, P <.001), serum insulin levels (β = �1.89 μIU/mL, 95 CI �3.34 to �0.45, P =.01), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (β = �1.45, 95 CI �2.10 to �0.80, P <.001), and significantly increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (β = 0.01, 95 CI 0.007-0.02, P <.001) compared with placebo treated subjects. In addition, melatonin administration resulted in a significant reduction in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (β = �1.92 mg/L, 95 CI �3.02 to �0.83, P =.001) and plasma malondialdehyde (β = �0.21 μmol/L, 95 CI �0.36 to �0.06, P =.005); also, significant rises in plasma total antioxidant capacity (β = 253.87 mmol/L, 95 CI 189.18-318.56, P <.001) and nitric oxide levels (β = 2.99 μmol/L, 95 CI 0.71-5.28, P =.01) were observed compared with the placebo. Conclusion: Overall, melatonin supplementation for 12 weeks to diabetic HD patients had beneficial effects on mental health, glycemic control, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress. © 2019 National Kidney Foundation, Inc