2,677 research outputs found
Anomalous Spin Dynamics in Doped Quantum Antiferromagnets
Finite-temperature spin dynamics in planar t-J model is studied using the
method based on the Lanczos diagonalization of small systems. Dynamical spin
structure factor at moderate dopings shows the coexistence of free-fermion-like
and spin-fluctuation timescales. At T<J, the low-frequency and static
susceptibility show pronounced T dependence, supporting a scenario, related to
the marginal Fermi-liquid one, for the explanation of neutron-scattering and
NMR-relaxation experiments in cuprates. Calculated NMR relaxation rates
reasonably reproduce experimental ones.Comment: 10 pages + 4 figures, Postscript in uuencoded compressed tar file,
IJS-TP-94/2
Spin Dependence of Correlations in Two-Dimensional Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnets
We present a series expansion study of spin-S square-lattice Heisenberg
antiferromagnets. The numerical data are in excellent agreement with recent
neutron scattering measurements. Our key result is that the correlation length
for S>1/2 strongly deviates from the exact T->0 (renormalized classical, or RC)
scaling prediction for all experimentally and numerically accessible
temperatures. We note basic trends with S of the experimental and series
expansion correlation length data and propose a scaling crossover scenario to
explain them.Comment: 5 pages, REVTeX file. PostScript file for the paper with embedded
figures available via WWW at http://xxx.lanl.gov/ps/cond-mat/9503143
Testing for Antiphospholipid Antibody (aPL) Specificities in Retrospective âNormalâ Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been found in the blood of patients with systemic and
neurological disease. The rare reports of aPL in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) have been limited mostly to
IgG and IgM anticardiolipin (aCL). Our published finding of IgA aPE in the CSF of a young stroke
victim prompted us to establish ânormalâ CSF aPL values for a panel of aPL, which included aCL,
antiphosphatidylserine (aPS), antiphosphatidylethanolamine (aPE) and antiphosphatidylcholine (aPC).
CSF samples were tested by ELISA for IgG, IgM and IgA aPL. In addition, the CSF samples were
tested for activity in the presence and absence of phospholipid (PL) binding plasma-proteins. A total of
24 data points were obtained for each CSF sample.We tested 59 CSF samples obtained from 59 patients
who were undergoing evaluation for systemic or neurologic diseases. All CSF samples had normal
protein, glucose and cell counts. Ten of the 59 CSF samples (17%) had elevated aPL optical density
(OD) values an order of magnitude higher than the other 49 CSF samples for one or more aPL
specificity and/or isotype. One CSF sample had both PL-binding protein dependent and independent
IgG aPE activity. Another CSF sample showed both IgG aPE and aPC reactivity. The remaining eight
CSF samples showed single aPL findings; IgG aPE (5), IgG aPC (1), IgG aCL (1) and IgM aPC (1).
Seven of 10 patients with elevated CSF values were females. As expected, most ânormalâ aPL OD
values were substantially lower in CSF than those we have reported in blood samples from volunteer
blood donors
Layer- and bulk roton excitations of 4He in porous media
We examine the energetics of bulk and layer-roton excitations of 4He in
various porous medial such as aerogel, Geltech, or Vycor, in order to find out
what conclusions can be drawn from experiments on the energetics about the
physisorption mechanism. The energy of the layer-roton minimum depends
sensitively on the substrate strength, thus providing a mechanism for a direct
measurement of this quantity. On the other hand, bulk-like roton excitations
are largely independent of the interaction between the medium and the helium
atoms, but the dependence of their energy on the degree of filling reflects the
internal structure of the matrix and can reveal features of 4He at negative
pressures. While bulk-like rotons are very similar to their true bulk
counterparts, the layer modes are not in close relation to two-dimensional
rotons and should be regarded as a third, completely independent kind of
excitation
Finding the elusive and causative autoantibody: An atypical case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111227/1/ccr3203.pd
NMR relaxation in half-integer antiferromagnetic spin chains
Nuclear relaxation in half-integer spin chains at low temperatures (T << J,
the antiferromagnetic exchange constant) is dominated by dissipation from a gas
of thermally-excited, overdamped, spinons. The universal low temperature
dependence of the relaxation rates and is computed.Comment: 7 pages, 1 uuencoded postscript figure appende
Quantum Disordered Regime and Spin Gap in the Cuprate Superconductors
We discuss the crossover from the quantum critical, , to the quantum
disordered regime in high-T materials in relation to the experimental data
on the nuclear relaxation, bulk susceptibility, and inelastic neutron
scattering. In our scenario, the spin excitations develop a gap
well above T, which is supplemented by the
quasiparticle gap below T. The above experiments yield consistent estimates
for the value of the spin gap, which increases as the correlation length
decreases.Comment: 14 pages, REVTeX v3.0, PostScript file for 3 figures is attached,
UIUC-P-93-07-06
Modelling metal centres, acid sites and reaction mechanisms in microporous catalysts
We discuss the role of QM/MM (embedded cluster) computational techniques in catalytic science, in particular their application to microporous catalysis. We describe the methodologies employed and illustrate their utility by briefly summarising work on metal centres in zeolites. We then report a detailed investigation into the behaviour of methanol at acidic sites in zeolites H-ZSM-5 and H-Y in the context of the methanol-to-hydrocarbons/olefins process. Studying key initial steps of the reaction (the adsorption and subsequent methoxylation), we probe the effect of framework topology and Brønsted acid site location on the energetics of these initial processes. We find that although methoxylation is endothermic with respect to the adsorbed system (by 17â56 kJ molâ1 depending on the location), there are intriguing correlations between the adsorption/reaction energies and the geometries of the adsorbed species, of particular significance being the coordination of methyl hydrogens. These observations emphasise the importance of adsorbate coordination with the framework in zeolite catalysed conversions, and how this may vary with framework topology and site location, particularly suited to investigation by QM/MM technique
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