4,731 research outputs found
Hot Populations in M87 Globular Clusters
We have obtained HST/STIS far- and near-UV photometry of globular clusters in
four fields in the gE galaxy M87. To a limit of m(FUV) = 25 we detect a total
of 66 globular clusters (GCs) in common with the deep HST optical-band study of
Kundu et al. (1999). Despite strong overlap in V- and I-band properties, the
M87 GCs have UV/optical properties that are distinct from clusters in the Milky
Way and in M31. M87 clusters, especially metal-poor ones, produce larger hot HB
populations than do Milky Way analogues. Cluster mass is probably not a factor
in these distinctions. The most metal-rich M87 GCs in our sample are near Z_sun
and overlap the local E galaxy sample in estimated Mg_2 line indices.
Nonetheless, the clusters produce much more UV light at a given Mg_2, being up
to 1 mag bluer than any gE galaxy in (FUV-V) color. The M87 GCs do not appear
to represent a transition between Milky Way-type clusters and E galaxies. The
differences are in the correct sense if the clusters are significantly older
than the E galaxies. Comparisons with Galactic open clusters indicate that the
hot stars lie on the extreme horizontal branch, rather than being blue
stragglers, and that the EHB becomes well populated for ages > 5 Gyr. We find
that 43 of our UV detections have no optical-band counterparts. Most appear to
be UV-bright background galaxies, seen through M87. Eleven NUV variable sources
detected at only one epoch in the central field are probably classical novae.
[Abridged]Comment: 70 pages, 25 figures (including 4 jpgs), 7 tables. To appear in AJ.
Full resolution version available at
http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~rwo/m87/m87-hotpops.pd
Ballistic dynamics of a convex smooth-wall billiard with finite escape rate along the boundary
We focus on the problem of an impurity-free billiard with a random
position-dependent boundary coupling to the environment. The response functions
of such an open system can be obtained non-perturbatively from a supersymmetric
generating functional. The derivation of this functional is based on averaging
over the escape rates and results in a non-linear ballistic -model,
characterized by system-specific parameters. Particular emphasis is placed on
the {}``whispering gallery modes'' as the origin of surface diffusion modes in
the limit of large dimensionless conductance.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
The magnetic field structure in CTA 102 from high-resolution mm-VLBI observations during the flaring state in 2016-2017
CONTEXT: Investigating the magnetic field structure in the innermost regions of relativistic jets is fundamental to understanding the crucial physical processes giving rise to jet formation, as well as to their extraordinary radiation output up to γ-ray energies.
AIMS: We study the magnetic field structure of the quasar CTA 102 with 3 and 7 mm VLBI polarimetric observations, reaching an unprecedented resolution (∼50 μas). We also investigate the variability and physical processes occurring in the source during the observing period, which coincides with a very active state of the source over the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
METHODS: We perform the Faraday rotation analysis using 3 and 7 mm data and we compare the obtained rotation measure (RM) map with the polarization evolution in 7 mm VLBA images. We study the kinematics and variability at 7 mm and infer the physical parameters associated with variability. From the analysis of γ-ray and X-ray data, we compute a minimum Doppler factor value required to explain the observed high-energy emission.
RESULTS: Faraday rotation analysis shows a gradient in RM with a maximum value of ∼6 × 104⁴ rad m⁻² and intrinsic electric vector position angles (EVPAs) oriented around the centroid of the core, suggesting the presence of large-scale helical magnetic fields. Such a magnetic field structure is also visible in 7 mm images when a new superluminal component is crossing the core region. The 7 mm EVPA orientation is different when the component is exiting the core or crossing a stationary feature at ∼0.1 mas. The interaction between the superluminal component and a recollimation shock at ∼0.1 mas could have triggered the multi-wavelength flares. The variability Doppler factor associated with such an interaction is large enough to explain the high-energy emission and the remarkable optical flare occurred very close in time.Accepted manuscrip
Possible Glassiness in a Periodic Long-Range Josephson Array
We present an analytic study of a periodic Josephson array with long-range
interactions in a transverse magnetic field. We find that this system exhibits
a first-order transition into a phase characterized by an extensive number of
states separated by barriers that scale with the system size; the associated
discontinuity is small in the limit of weak applied field, thus permitting an
explicit analysis in this regime.Comment: 4 pages, 2 Postscript figures in a separate file
Quantum chaotic scattering in time-dependent external fields: random matrix approach
We review the random matrix description of electron transport through open
quantum dots, subject to time-dependent perturbations. All characteristics of
the current linear in the bias can be expressed in terms of the scattering
matrix, calculated for a time-dependent Hamiltonian. Assuming that the
Hamiltonian belongs to a Gaussian ensemble of random matrices, we investigate
various statistical properties of the direct current in the ensemble.
Particularly, even at zero bias the time-dependent perturbation induces
current, called photovoltaic current. We discuss dependence of the photovoltaic
current and its noise on the frequency and the strength of the perturbation. We
also describe the effect of time-dependent perturbation on the weak
localization correction to the conductance and on conductance fluctuations.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures; contribution for the special issue of J. Phys.
A: "Trends in Quantum Chaotic Scattering
86 GHz polarimetry of OVV1633+382 after a major mm flare
The 18 mag QSO 1633+382 (4C38.41, z=1.807) showed a very pronounced outburst
in 2001/2002. With a peak amplitude of more than 9 Jy at 90GHz, this flare was
brighter than any known previous flare in this source (data available since
1980).During onset, the mm-flare was particulary fast, with an increase of more
than 2 Jy at 230 GHz in less than 8 days. Since January 2002, the mm-flux of
1633+382 is decaying. During this decline, however, local flux variations with
amplitudes of 1-3 Jy were seen, indicative of underlying and more rapid source
activity on time scales of 1-2 months. After the main peak occurring in
2001.99, the 90 GHz flux showed secondary maxima at approximately half year
intervals in 2002.3, 2002.7 and 2003.13. This kind of periodicity might be
explained via the lighthouse model (Camenzind and Krockenberger 1992), which is
based on the magnetic accelerator of Blanford and Payne (1982). At present the
millimeter flux is nearly back to its quiescent level of 2-2.5 Jy, which the
source had before the flare began. Our VLBA Polarimetry monitoring started June
2002 during the onset of the flare. At cm wavelength, the flare is only
marginally detected which implies very high opacity of the source.Comment: 4 pages. 5 figures. Proceedings of the 7th European VLBI Network
Symposium held in Toledo, Spain on October 12-15, 2004. Editors: R.
Bachiller, F. Colomer, J.-F. Desmurs, P. de Vicente (Observatorio Astronomico
Nacional), p. 85-88. Needs evn2004.cl
Composite fermion theory of collective excitations in fractional quantum Hall effect
The low energy neutral excitations of incompressible fractional quantum Hall
states are called collective modes or magnetic excitons. This work develops
techniques for computing their dispersion at general filling fractions for
reasonably large systems. New structure is revealed; in particular, the
collective mode at 1/3 is found to possess several minima, with the energy of
the principal minimum significantly smaller than the earlier estimate.
\pacs{73.40.Hm, 73.20.Dx, 73.20.Mf}Comment: 4 pages, 3 postscript figure
The Extended Shapes of Galactic Satellites
We are exploring the extended stellar distributions of Galactic satellite
galaxies and globular clusters. For seven objects studied thus far, the
observed profile departs from a King function at large r, revealing a ``break
population'' of stars. In our sample, the relative density of the ``break''
correlates to the inferred M/L of these objects. We discuss opposing hypotheses
for this trend: (1) Higher M/L objects harbor more extended dark matter halos
that support secondary, bound, stellar ``halos''. (2) The extended populations
around dwarf spheroidals (and some clusters) consist of unbound, extratidal
debris from their parent objects, which are undergoing various degrees of tidal
disruption. In this scenario, higher M/L ratios reflect higher degrees of
virial non-equilibrium in the parent objects, thus invalidating a precept
underlying the use of core radial velocities to obtain masses.Comment: 8 pages, including 2 figures Yale Cosmology Workshop: The Shapes of
Galaxies and Their Halo
The F-GAMMA program: Multi-frequency study of Active Galactic Nuclei in the Fermi era. Program description and the first 2.5 years of monitoring
To fully exploit the scientific potential of the Fermi mission, we initiated
the F-GAMMA program. Between 2007 and 2015 it was the prime provider of
complementary multi-frequency monitoring in the radio regime. We quantify the
radio variability of gamma-ray blazars. We investigate its dependence on source
class and examine whether the radio variability is related to the gamma-ray
loudness. Finally, we assess the validity of a putative correlation between the
two bands. The F-GAMMA monitored monthly a sample of about 60 sources at up to
twelve radio frequencies between 2.64 and 228.39 GHz. We perform a time series
analysis on the first 2.5-year dataset to obtain variability parameters. A
maximum likelihood analysis is used to assess the significance of a correlation
between radio and gamma-ray fluxes. We present light curves and spectra
(coherent within ten days) obtained with the Effelsberg 100-m and IRAM 30-m
telescopes. All sources are variable across all frequency bands with amplitudes
increasing with frequency up to rest frame frequencies of around 60 - 80 GHz as
expected by shock-in-jet models. Compared to FSRQs, BL Lacs show systematically
lower variability amplitudes, brightness temperatures and Doppler factors at
lower frequencies, while the difference vanishes towards higher ones. The time
scales appear similar for the two classes. The distribution of spectral indices
appears flatter or more inverted at higher frequencies for BL Lacs. Evolving
synchrotron self-absorbed components can naturally account for the observed
spectral variability. We find that the Fermi-detected sources show larger
variability amplitudes as well as brightness temperatures and Doppler factors,
than non-detected ones. Flux densities at 86.2 and 142.3 GHz correlate with 1
GeV fluxes at a significance level better than 3sigma, implying that gamma rays
are produced very close to the mm-band emission region.Comment: Accepted for publication in section 4. Extragalactic astronomy of
Astronomy and Astrophysics (18 pages, 9 figures
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