Environmental Effects of Ecotourism in Indonesia

The ecotourism is global issues who most talked lately in Indonesia, it is one of the activities special tourist interest which low impacts on natural tourism.The presence of ecotourism in the era of sustainable and tourism development mission should be minimum negative impacts, both on the environment resources and on socio-cultural local values. Ecotourism activities were more oriented on the utilization of natural resources, the natural ecosystems and have not been polluted yet. However, when all of tourism development can not be separated from the negative impacts, such as ecosystem distress in ecotourism object when visited by large number of tourists, there are many conflicts of interest between the ecotourism management with local communities, especially regarding the benefits sharing and its accessibilities. The purpose of this paper is to identify the environmental impacts arising as a result of ecotourism activities and to find out alternative efforts in mitigating the environmental impact of ecotourism activities. Carrying capacity of ecotourism is not just limited to the number of visits, but also covers other aspects, such as: (1 ) ecological capacity that is ability of natural environment in providing the needs of tourists, (2) physical capacity, that is ability of facilities and infrastructure in providing the needs of tourists, (3) social capacity, that is ability to absorb tourism activities without the negative impacts on the local communities, (4) the economic capacity, that is ability to absorb destination commercial efforts and accommodateany interests of the local economy. Keywords: Ecotourism, environmental impacts, carrying capacity

Pengaruh Aktivitas Wisatawan terhadap Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan di Sulawesi

Tourist arrival and its effects on the sustainability of biodiversity in Sulawesi is one of the interesting public issues discussed at this time. Object of the most visited by tourists are protected forest ecotourism. In a protected forest tour are endemic plant and animal species that must be protected and preserved in order to sustain their ecosystem. Forest ecosystem suggests the dynamic interactions between plants, animals, and microorganisms and their abiotic environment working together as a functional unit. Ecosystems will not sustain if they are imbalance. However, thare are many human activities, especially tourist activities lead to major implications on biodiversity of natural vegetation in Sulawesi. This paper presents informations and data on vegetation biodiversity and information about tourist activities in maintaining vegetation biodiversity. There are 57 endemic plant species in Sulawesi are still maintained and preserved. Most are in Gorontalo about 16 species, in North Sulawesi about 13 species, in Southeast Sulawesi 10 species, in Central Sulawesi 9 species and in South Sulawesi, 9 species. Activities carried tourists in maintaining diversity of species include: planting trees, learning and research the endemic species of plants and animals, and collect solid wastes in the tourism areas. These activities suggest a positive impact on the sustainability of forest ecosystems and economic benefits for the local communities. Keyword :Tourist activities, biodiversity, endemic species

Adaptasi Ekologi dan Persepsi Masyarakat Pesisir dalam Upaya Konservasi Mangrove di Dusun Klayar Desa Sidokelar Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan

Tujuandilakukannya penelitian adalah untuk :1. Menganalisis adaptasi ekologi (strategi, proses dan dampak), sejak dicanangkannya program konservasi mangrove (2003) sampai dengan kondisi pada saat dilakukannya penelitian di Dusun Klayar pada tahun 2011, 2.Menganalisis persepsi masyarakat pesisir secara umum dalam upaya melaksanakan konservasi mangrove sebagai bagian integral masyarakat dan lingkungan Di Dusun Klayar Desa Sidokelar Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan, 3.Menentukan titik-titik kritis adaptasi ekologi masyarakat pesisi.Metode Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengacu pada konsep yang dikembangkan oleh Muhadjir (1992), yaitu penelitian kualitatif positivistik.Pendekatan kualitatif positivistik merupakan sebuah tipe penelitian kuantitatif bersifat deskriptif.Hasil Penelitian, yaitu : Pertama adalah adanya hubungantimbal Balik antara budaya yang berkembang di dusun Klayar dengan lingkungan mangrove sehingga masyarakatdusun Klayarmengembangkan strategi adaptasi ekologidalam upaya konservasi mangrove; antara lain : 1.Pengadaan bibit, 2. Membuat tempat persemaian, 3. Membuat media semai, 4. Penyemaian bibit, 5. Pemeliharaan, 6.Penyapihan bibit, 7.Pengangkutan bibit , 8.Pengayaan dan penanaman, 9.Pemeliharaan dan pemantauan tanaman, yang Keduaadalah masyarakat dusun Klayar memandang bahwa lingkungan mangrove memiliki manfaat yang sangat penting sebagai pelindung pantai dari abrasi, penahan gelombang laut, manfaat ekonomi, sosial-budaya dan sebagai pengendali kelestarian keanekaragaman hayati; yang Ketiga adalah titik kritis Perubahan lingkungan biotik dan abiotik, yaitu : lingkungan mangrove mengalami kerusakan, sehingga masyarakat dusun Klayar secara sadar melakukan koping untuk menyesuaikan dirinya dengan lingkungan yang rusak atau sebaliknya. Dari koping tersebut menghasilkan dua tingkah laku, yaitu tingkah laku koping yang berhasil dan tidak berhasil.Kontribusi yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini adalah kontribusi baik secara teoritis maupun praktis tentang strategi adaptasi ekologi dan persepsi masyarakat pesisir dalam upaya konservasi mangrove sehingga dapat menjadi pedoman pengelolaan lingkungan pesisir terutama lingkungan mangrove

Pengaruh Kompos, Pupuk Kandang, Dan Custom-Bio Terhadap Sifat Tanah , Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Pada Entisol Di Kebun Ngrangkah-Pawon, Kediri

Tanah entisol biasanya bertekstur pasir atau pasir berlempung, sehingga daya menahan airnya rendah dan kandungan bahan organiknya sangat rendah. Struktur tanah, tekstur, dan ruang pori merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi daya menahan air. Pemberian pupuk organik merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kandungan BOT. Bahan organik yang berupa pupuk organik dapat berfungsi sebagai buffer (penyangga) dan penahan lengas. Kualitas pupuk organik ditentukan oleh komposisi bahan dasar pupuk organik tersebut dan tingkat perombakannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PTPN XII Kebun Ngrangkah Pawon, Kabupaten Kediri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Mempelajari pengaruh pemberian pupuk kompos, kandang, dan custom bio terhadap bahan organik tanah 2) Mempelajari pengaruh pupuk kompos, kandang, dan custom bio terhadap Perubahan sifat fisik tanah pada tanah Entisol 3) Mempelajari hubungan sifat fisik dan bahan organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tebu. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini antara lain : Sifat fisik tanah yang meliputi : berat isi, porositas, kemantapan agregat, kadar air pF 4,2. Sifat kimia tanah yang meliputi : C-organik, N –total. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penambahan pupuk kandang, kompos dan Custom Bio dapat meningkatkan dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar C-organik dan nitrogen tanah. Penambahan pupuk kandang, kompos dan custom bio dapat menurunkan berat isi dan berat jenis, serta meningkatkan kemantapan agregat, porositas tanah dan kadar air pF 4,2. Penambahan pupuk organik disamping mampu meningkatkan bahan organik dan sifat fisik juga berpengaruh terhadap hasil panen tebu 94,7 %, sisanya 5,3% dijelaskan oleh faktor lain

Tourist Perceptions on Supporting Infrastructure Facilities and Climate-Based Visiting Time of Ngebel Lake, Ponorogo

This study aims to analyze the tourists perception about the importance and satisfaction on the product of fisheries tourism, and to assess the visiting time of tourist based on climate conditions. The research was conducted in May to June 2013 in Ngebel Lake, Ponorogo. We used descriptive quantitative approach, with 45 respondents. Data collected from interview, questionnaire and observation. Analytical methods were used to determine the perception of tourists on the satisfaction and interest in fisheries tourism products, i.e. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). We also used Tourism Climate Index (TCI) to determine the visiting time of tourist. The results show the value of satisfaction and tourist interest is low, therefore the improvement of several aspects become important. It is encompasses: a) the existence of parking area; b) the condition of Ngebel Lake; c) planning and management system, the condition of the local community; and d) activities of fish course restaurant and fish farming system of floating net cages. TCI value indicates ideal conditions for tourists traveled in Ngebel Lake is in November (convenience index value of 106), in December (97) and in April (94). This appropriate time to visit Ngebel Lake is expected to create a good impression for the tourists and enjoy the various fisheries activities in Ngebel Lake. Keywords: Importance Performance Analysis, Ngebel Lake, Tourist Climate Inde