Aspects of Mother’s Practices in Adolescent Sexual Education: A Phenomenological Study

The purpose of the current investigation was to ascertain the actual experiences of mothers who had applied sex education for their teenage sons and daughter. The research method was fundamental in terms of objective, whereas it was phenomenological in terms of strategy. In 2021, the research community at the Payame Noor University branch in Khouzestan comprised all females who had adolescent children. The researcher initiated the sampling procedure by selecting these mothers until all available information was exhausted. A total of 18 mothers participated in semi-structured interviews. The Colaizzi method was applied to the data of this study, which produced one main theme and four subthemes. The findings showed that the mothers tried to prevent or control the harms of puberty through various strategies, including limiting the adolescent’s sexual stimulation and curiosity, managing social communication, enhancing the parent-adolescent relationship, engaging in conversations with the adolescent to educate them about the risks associated with puberty, and managing social communication. These approaches predominated over others and were centered around adolescent-centered care and abstinence. Therefore, it would appear that professionals could benefit from an understanding of how parents handle the sexual concerns of their adolescents in order to develop more effective methods of educating them on the subject

The Effectiveness of the Adlerian-Based Premarital Education Program on Female Students’ Constraining Beliefs regarding Mate Selection

This purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Adlerian-based premarital education program on female students’ constraining beliefs regarding mate selection. The statistical population included high school female students in the 2nd grade living in Jam (located in Bushehr province) during the academic year of 2018-19. The study was a quasi-experiment, using pre/post-test and a control group. The sample included 52 female students who scored 1.5 standard deviation higher than average. The participants were assigned to the experimental (n=26) and the control group (n=26). The experimental group received seven 90-minute sessions of Adlerian-based premarital training while the control group received no intervention. The participants completed the Attitudes about Romance and Mate Selection Scale (ARMSS). The data analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA, and the results showed that the program reduced five of the six constraining beliefs about mate selection, such as "cohabitation", "one and only one", "opposing complement each other", "idealism", and "ease of effort". The program had no effect on “perfect confidence”. According to the results, the findings of the study can be used to improve the process of mate-selection

Challenges of Parent-Adolescent Relationship: A Qualitative Study

Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, challenges of parent-adolescent relationship is one of the main problems of families. According to the lack and gap of qualitative study of parent-adolescent problems in the existing research in the country, this study aimed to identify and analyze challenges of parent-adolescent relationship. Method: This qualitative study was performed using content analysis. Data were collected using purposive sampling and individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with 17 parents and adolescents who referred to counselling and psychology centers. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. After transcribing recorded interviews and data analysis, initial codes were extracted. To determine the main classes, initial cods were revised, surveyed, and classified in several steps. Results: After data analysis, 574 initial codes were obtained. These codes were categorized into 13 sub-themes and 5 themes including the generation gap, insufficiency in relationship quality, educational strategies dysfunction, modern and traditional perspectives conflict, and intrapersonal and interpersonal problems as the main challenges of parent-adolescent relationship. Conclusion: According to the results, parents and adolescents face complex challenges in the relationship with each other. Attention to these challenges can help families to create better relationships with adolescents

Reliability and Validity of the Academic Adjustment Scale: Students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Academic adjustment which involves constructive adaptation of students to academic challenges, can improve academic and psychological empowerment. Given the importance of academic adjustment in students' academic life; this study endeavors to examine the reliability and validity of the academic adjustment scale in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2019. Methods: in this descriptive psychometric study, 250 students from Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were selected using Voluntary sampling method. The selected students were solicited through the Anderson et al. Academic Adjustment Scale and Fredericks et al. Academic Engagement Scale. While the reliability of the scales was computed through Cronbach's alpha, their convergent validity and construct validity were computed through Pearson correlation coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the ratio χ2/df is 2.13 for three factor structure and fit indexes of model (RMSEA= 0.068, TLI=0.949, NFI=0.944, CFI=0.969, AGFI= 0.928, GFI=0.966). Internal consistency of MFQ-9 were satisfactory. Reliability according to Cronbach's alpha coefficient for Academic Adjustment Scale was reported 0.80 (Academic lifestyle= 0.70, Academic Achievement= 0.77, Academic motivation= 0.76). There was also a positive and significant correlation between academic adjustment and academic engagement (P>0.01) and concurrent validity is confirmed. Conclusion: According to the results, the Academic Adjustment Scale is a reliable instrument with valid psychometric properties to measure academic adjustment in Iranian higher education contexts