Development of DYNAMIX Policy Mixes - Deliverable 4.2, revised version, of the DYNAMIX project

This report documents the development of the initial dynamic policy mixes that were developed for assessment in the DYNAMIX project. The policy mixes were designed within three different policy areas: overarching policy, land-use and food, and metals and other materials. The policy areas were selected to address absolute decoupling in general and, specifically, the DYNAMIX targets related to the use of virgin metals, the use of arable land and freshwater, the input of the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus, and emissions of greenhouse gases. Each policy mix was developed within a separate author team, using a common methodological framework that utilize previous findings in the project. Specific drivers and barriers for resource use and resource efficiency are discussed in each policy area. Specific policy objectives and targets are also discussed before the actual policy mix is presented. Each policy mix includes a set of key instruments, which can be embedded in a wider set of supporting and complementary policy instruments. All key instruments are described in the report through responses to a set of predefined questions. The overarching mix includes a broad variety of key instruments. The land-use policy mix emphasizes five instruments to improve food production through, for example, revisions of already existing policy documents. It also includes three instruments to influence the food consumption and food waste. The policy mix on metals and other materials primarily aims at reducing the use of virgin metals through increased recycling, increased material efficiency and environmentally justified material substitution. To avoid simply shifting of burdens, it includes several instruments of an overarching character

9th Annual Seminar on Legal Issues for Financial Institutions

Outline of speakers\u27 presentations from the 9th Annual Seminar on Legal Issues for Financial Institutions held by UK/CLE on March 10-11, 1989

Geologic and Ground-Water Reconnaissance of the Loup River Drainage Basin Nebraska

The Loup River and its tributaries drain an area of about 15,230 square miles in central Nebraska. The upper three-fifths of the drainage basin is in the Sand Hills region of Nebraska, and the lower two-fifths is in the loess plains and hills region. An eastward-thinning wedge of semiconsolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age underlies the surficial dune sand and loess. These deposits, which are recharged by infiltrating precipitation, contain a tremendous volume of water at least 400 million acre-feet and annually discharge about 1.7 million acre-feet into streams. Although wells supply nearly all the water used in the area for municipal, rural domestic, and livestock requirements, and some of the water used for irrigation, the withdrawals are small compared to the yield that the ground-water reservoir is capable of sustaining. Moreover, it seems unlikely that withdrawals ever will equal the potential for ground-water development except, perhaps, locally. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has prepared plans for greater utilization of the surface-water resources of the basin overland runoff and ground-water discharge into streams for generation of hydroelectric power and irrigation of farmland both within the basin and in the adjacent lower Platte River valley. The chemical characteristics of the ground and surface water are uniform. The water is of the calcium bicarbonate type, generally contains less than about 500 parts per million of dissolved solids, and is suitable for irrigation and most domestic uses