31 research outputs found
Boundary States, Extended Symmetry Algebra and Module Structure for certain Rational Torus Models
The massless bosonic field compactified on the circle of rational is
reexamined in the presense of boundaries. A particular class of models
corresponding to is distinguished by demanding the existence
of a consistent set of Newmann boundary states. The boundary states are
constructed explicitly for these models and the fusion rules are derived from
them. These are the ones prescribed by the Verlinde formula from the S-matrix
of the theory. In addition, the extended symmetry algebra of these theories is
constructed which is responsible for the rationality of these theories.
Finally, the chiral space of these models is shown to split into a direct sum
of irreducible modules of the extended symmetry algebra.Comment: 12 page
Solitary waves of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms confined in finite rings
Motivated by recent progress in trapping Bose-Einstein condensed atoms in
toroidal potentials, we examine solitary-wave solutions of the nonlinear
Schr\"odinger equation subject to periodic boundary conditions. When the
circumference of the ring is much larger than the size of the wave, the density
profile is well approximated by that of an infinite ring, however the density
and the velocity of propagation cannot vanish simultaneously. When the size of
the ring becomes comparable to the size of the wave, the density variation
becomes sinusoidal and the velocity of propagation saturates to a constant
value.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Solitary-wave solutions in binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates under periodic boundary conditions
We derive solitary-wave solutions within the mean-field approximation in
quasi-one-dimensional binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates under
periodic boundary conditions, for the case of an effective repulsive
interatomic interaction. The particular gray-bright solutions that give the
global energy minima are determined. Their characteristics and the associated
dispersion relation are derived. In the case of weak coupling, we diagonalize
the Hamiltonian analytically to obtain the full excitation spectrum of
"quantum" solitary-wave solutions.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Closed Bosonic String Partition Function in Time Independent Exact PP-Wave Background
The modular invariance of the one-loop partition function of the closed
bosonic string in four dimensions in the presence of certain homogeneous exact
pp-wave backgrounds is studied. In the absence of an axion field the partition
function is found to be modular invariant. In the presence of an axion field
modular invariace is broken. This can be attributed to the light-cone gauge
which breaks the symmetry in the -, -directions. Recovery of this
broken modular invariance suggests the introduction of twists in the
world-sheet directions. However, one needs to go beyond the light-cone gauge to
introduce such twists.Comment: 17 pages, added reference
Solitary waves in mixtures of Bose gases confined in annular traps
A two-component Bose-Einstein condensate that is confined in a
one-dimensional ring potential supports solitary-wave solutions, which we
evaluate analytically. The derived solutions are shown to be unique. The
corresponding dispersion relation that generalizes the case of a
single-component system shows interesting features.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Solitary waves and yrast states in Bose-Einstein condensed gases of atoms
Considering a Bose-Einstein condensed gas confined in one dimension with
periodic boundary conditions, we demonstrate that, very generally,
solitary-wave and rotational excitations coincide. This exact equivalence
allows us to establish connections between a number of effects that are present
in these two problems, many of which have been studied using the mean-field
approximation.Comment: Revised version, where the generality of our arguments is presented
more clearl
Free Dirac evolution as a quantum random walk
Any positive-energy state of a free Dirac particle that is initially
highly-localized, evolves in time by spreading at speeds close to the speed of
light. This general phenomenon is explained by the fact that the Dirac
evolution can be approximated arbitrarily closely by a quantum random walk,
where the roles of coin and walker systems are naturally attributed to the spin
and position degrees of freedom of the particle. Initially entangled and
spatially localized spin-position states evolve with asymptotic two-horned
distributions of the position probability, familiar from earlier studies of
quantum walks. For the Dirac particle, the two horns travel apart at close to
the speed of light.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figure. Latex2e fil
Perceptions, attitudes and training needs of primary healthcare professionals in identifying and managing frailty: a qualitative study
PURPOSE: Although frailty can be delayed or prevented by appropriate interventions, these are often not available in countries lacking formal education and infrastructure in geriatrics. The aim of this study was to: (a) explore ideas, perceptions and attitudes of primary health care (PHC) professionals towards frailty in a country where geriatrics is not recognised as a specialty; (b) explore PHC professionals' training needs in frailty; and (c) define components of a frailty educational programme in PHC. METHODS: Qualitative design, using two focus groups with PHC professionals conducted in Thessaloniki, Greece. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed. Data were analysed with thematic analysis. RESULTS: In total 31 PHC professionals (mean age: 46 years; gender distribution: 27 females, 4 males) participated in the study (physicians n = 17; nurses n = 12; health visitors n = 2). Four main themes were identified: (1) Perceptions and understanding of frailty; (2) Facilitators and barriers to frailty identification and management; (3) Motivation to participate in a frailty training programme; (4) Education and training. The main barriers for the identification and management of frailty were associated with the healthcare system, including duration of appointments, a focus on prescribing, and problems with staffing of allied health professionals, but also a lack of education. Training opportunities were scarce and entirely based on personal incentive. Professionals were receptive to training either face-to-face or online. A focus on learning practical skills was key. CONCLUSION: Education and training of professionals and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential and much needed for the delivery of person-centred care for people with frailty living in the community