A Musical Look Behind the Curtains: A Musical and Production Analysis of CURTAINS by John Kander and Fred Ebb

This document is a musical analysis of the show Curtains by John Kander and Fred Ebb with a look at each major song’s structure through the following criteria: form, melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre, orchestration, texture, and challenges a music director faces with in regards to vocal coaching and conducting. This production was staged at SIUC in the fall of 2014, and because of the many formats that this book underwent it would have been helpful to have musical research in order to make the path more clear

Psychology, Factfinding, and Entrapment

Through the entrapment defense, the law acknowledges that criminal behavior is not always the result of a culpable mind, but is sometimes the result of an interaction between the individual and his environment. By limiting the amount of pressure and temptation that undercover agents may bring to bear on a target, the defense recognizes that the ordinary, law-abiding citizen can be persuaded, cajoled, or intimidated into criminal activity that, he would never consider absent law-enforcement interference. Appropriate application of the defense requires, however, that courts be able to accurately separate the truly wicked from the merely weak-willed, and offensively coercive police conduct from that which merely convinces the criminal-minded to commit the crime here and now where he can more easily be caught. Two methods of making these distinctions have evolved: the subjective and objective tests

The Media at the Tip of the Spear

Due largely to the first widespread availability of the telegraph, through which breaking stories could be transmitted to the presses in moments, the debut of the American war correspondent occurred during the Civil War. From their beginning, American war correspondents have frequently embedded with the troops on whom they reported. General Grant, for example, allowed his favorite New York Herald reporter to travel with his entourage, and even used him as a personal messenger. Reporters proved an important component of the war effort for both the North and the South. Papers on both sides proved willing providers of propaganda to rally citizen support. Southern papers exaggerated Northern casualties, refused to acknowledge Confederate defeats, and characterized Union troops as drunken foreigners. Northern papers ignored Union difficulties in drafting troops and racism in the Union Army, and downplayed Union defeats

Topological Chaos in a Three-Dimensional Spherical Fluid Vortex

In chaotic deterministic systems, seemingly stochastic behavior is generated by relatively simple, though hidden, organizing rules and structures. Prominent among the tools used to characterize this complexity in 1D and 2D systems are techniques which exploit the topology of dynamically invariant structures. However, the path to extending many such topological techniques to three dimensions is filled with roadblocks that prevent their application to a wider variety of physical systems. Here, we overcome these roadblocks and successfully analyze a realistic model of 3D fluid advection, by extending the homotopic lobe dynamics (HLD) technique, previously developed for 2D area-preserving dynamics, to 3D volume-preserving dynamics. We start with numerically-generated finite-time chaotic-scattering data for particles entrained in a spherical fluid vortex, and use this data to build a symbolic representation of the dynamics. We then use this symbolic representation to explain and predict the self-similar fractal structure of the scattering data, to compute bounds on the topological entropy, a fundamental measure of mixing, and to discover two different mixing mechanisms, which stretch 2D material surfaces and 1D material curves in distinct ways.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figure

A Continuous Non-demolition Measurement of the Cs Clock Transition Pseudo-spin

We demonstrate a weak continuous measurement of the pseudo-spin associated with the clock transition in a sample of Cs atoms. Our scheme uses an optical probe tuned near the D1 transition to measure the sample birefringence, which depends on the z-component of the collective pseudospin. At certain probe frequencies the differential light shift of the clock states vanishes and the measurement is non-perturbing. In dense samples the measurement can be used to squeeze the collective clock pseudo-spin, and has potential to improve the performance of atomic clocks and interferometers.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, ReVTeX, modified text in response to referee's comment

Synchrotron infrared spectroscopy of domain walls and high pressure phases of multiferroics

Synchrotron light sources provide high throughput, broadband infrared light enabling the development of novel techniques, inaccessible using traditional sources. High pressure techniques benefit greatly, as significant signal loss occurs from focusing the light through diamonds into a small area. Intense infrared light offers an avenue to perform spatially-resolved spectroscopy in areas smaller than the diffraction limit by focusing the light within the near-field limit. We take advantage of the synchrotron light source to perform infrared studies at high pressures and on spots smaller than 20×20 nm2. We investigate nanoscale heterogeneity with spatially resolved techniques and reveal pressure-induced phase transitions via high pressure spectroscopy. We then unravel these complicated findings by incorporating group theoretical symmetry analysis and lattice dynamics calculations. The utilization of a synchrotron light source offers the broadband, high throughput infrared light that unifies these projects and enables the understanding of how vibrational modes contribute to unexplored phenomena. Because multiferroic materials exhibit heterogeneity in the form of domains and domain walls, Ca3Ti2O7 and h-Lu0.6Sc0.4FeO3 provide platforms to reveal the infrared response of different domain walls. These nanoscale objects have eluded study due to their size, but near-field infrared spectroscopy provides an opportunity to investigate domain walls, by performing a line scan over a wall of interest. We reveal that the domain wall widths in Ca3Ti2O7 and h-Lu0.6Sc0.4FeO3 are 60-100 nm wide and remain insulating. We perform high pressure infrared spectroscopy to reveal pressure-induced structural phase transitions. Combined with symmetry analysis and complimentary lattice dynamics calculations, we assign high pressure phases by comparing experimentally observed changes in the vibrational response with predicted mode patterns for a series of candidate space groups. For the case of hybrid improper ferroelectric Sr3Sn2O7, we discover that the set of structural phase transitions as a function of pressure mirror the reported sequence as a function of temperature. A similar analysis is performed on multiferroic h-Lu0.6Sc0.4FeO3 . We reveal a structural transition from a polar → antipolar space group at 15 GPa. We relate this distortion to changes in the bipyramidal tilting modes and competing structural trends in this linear magnetoelectric ferrite

Multiscale probability mapping: groups, clusters and an algorithmic search for filaments in SDSS

We have developed a multiscale structure identification algorithm for the detection of overdensities in galaxy data that identifies structures having radii within a user-defined range. Our "multiscale probability mapping" technique combines density estimation with a shape statistic to identify local peaks in the density field. This technique takes advantage of a user-defined range of scale sizes, which are used in constructing a coarse-grained map of the underlying fine-grained galaxy distribution, from which overdense structures are then identified. In this study we have compiled a catalogue of groups and clusters at 0.025 < z < 0.24 based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Data Release 7, quantifying their significance and comparing with other catalogues. Most measured velocity dispersions for these structures lie between 50 and 400 km/s. A clear trend of increasing velocity dispersion with radius from 0.2 to 1 Mpc/h is detected, confirming the lack of a sharp division between groups and clusters. A method for quantifying elongation is also developed to measure the elongation of group and cluster environments. By using our group and cluster catalogue as a coarse-grained representation of the galaxy distribution for structure sizes of <~ 1 Mpc/h, we identify 53 filaments (from an algorithmically-derived set of 100 candidates) as elongated unions of groups and clusters at 0.025 < z < 0.13. These filaments have morphologies that are consistent with previous samples studied.Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures and 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Data products, three-dimensional visualisations and further information about MSPM can be found at http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/sifa/Main/MSPM/ . v2 contains two additional references. v3 has a slightly altered title and updated reference