In vitro studies of iron absorption and activity of glutathione peroxidase in intestinal mucosa of the chicken

We examined the absorption of iron, the activity of selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GSH·Px) and cellular compartmentalization of metal in the chicken duodenum and ileum. The method of accumulating mucosa preparation (AMP) was used. It was shown that the intestinal iron accumulation is dose-dependent process, which has two components: transcellular and paracellular. The realization of these pathways is region-specific and depends on exposed iron levels. Slightly elevated iron status of intestinal mucosa does not influence activity of GSH·Px. At the same time the results indicate that the activity of glutathione peroxidase can be altered by iron overload. Immunohistochemistry revealed that stainable iron could be co-localized to the endolysosomal compartment. How the activity of enzyme can be affected by oxidative stress and competitive interactions of iron with selenium are discussed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.141278

Therapeutic effect of fractionated by ultrafiltration red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) juice in rats with food-induced fatty liver

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), being a component of metabolic syndrome, has increased (15-27%) in the industrialized world. The deep mechanism of this pathology is not clear, but it is multifactorial. There is a huge amount of food supplements and medicines with hepatoprotective effect on the market, but the NAFLD problem is far from being resolved. Hepatoprotective products have to provide wide spectra of biological effects, including antioxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory action. It is peculiar to natural compounds, including red beetroot juice, which is well known to most of the population. This is important in view of the high prevalence of NAFLD. The aim of this study is to evaluate the curative effect of fractionated by ultrafiltration red beetroot juice in rats with food-induced liver steatosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.254107

Voltammetric Determination of Manganese on Organo – Modified Electrodes

The researches on the choice of aryldiazonium tosylate salts as a modifier to create an organo-modified electrode were carried out. It is shown that the best organic modifier for surface modification of a mercury-graphite electrode is aryldiazonium tosylate without a substituent. A method for producing an organo-modified electrode and the procedure for measuring the analytical signal of manganese by voltammetry was developed. The method is simple to implement and allows avoiding the use of metal mercury for forming the electrode, and making measurements without aerating of electrolyte by inert gases (nitrogen, argon) with an error (Sr) of not more than 10%

Voltammetric Determination of Manganese on Organo – Modified Electrodes

The researches on the choice of aryldiazonium tosylate salts as a modifier to create an organo-modified electrode were carried out. It is shown that the best organic modifier for surface modification of a mercury-graphite electrode is aryldiazonium tosylate without a substituent. A method for producing an organo-modified electrode and the procedure for measuring the analytical signal of manganese by voltammetry was developed. The method is simple to implement and allows avoiding the use of metal mercury for forming the electrode, and making measurements without aerating of electrolyte by inert gases (nitrogen, argon) with an error (Sr) of not more than 10%

Current Innovations of the Biotechnology Market: The Advantages and Economic Benefits

Environmental pollution due to anthropogenic activity in many regions of the planet and, in particular, in Ukraine has reached a critical level. Thus, the situation in the field of processing, utilization and, especially, disinfection of waste of various origins has become more complicated, which leads to regular accidents at municipal wastewater treatment plants and landfills. One of the main directions of solving these problems is the development of high-efficiency biological products aimed at minimizing and neutralizing the negative effects of environmental pollution. In order to create such biological products, competitive in the world market of biotechnology, on the basis of original domestic methods, a systematic study of ash and slag waste and the impact of various types of cultures of microorganisms on their neutralization was carried out. The study included the following: analysis of statistical data on periods of self-purification of soils and waters; analysis of the results of the use of biological products for cleaning cesspools, food waste processing, compost pits, farmland and polluted water; a comparative analysis of costs during the use of chemical and biotechnological methods of wastewater treatment with the subsequent calculation of the economic effect; analysis of the initial data of coal dust from the state CHP in order to substantiate the feasibility of its further processing both for the extraction of rare trace elements and to reduce the level of ecological damage; proposal and research of domestic biological products to solve the problems of municipal facilities for the purification of domestic wastewater, purification of water bodies and to eliminate emergency spills of petroleum products on the soil and water; computation of the economic efficiency of biotechnology application in comparison with the chemical method of water purification. On the basis of the data obtained, a scheme for the use of biological products for waste disposal, yield improvement, and accident elimination by methods safe for people, animals and the environment is proposed

Red Beetroot Juice and Stamina: An Experimental Study

Introduction: Red beet juice is increasingly used in sports to enhance the endurance of athletes. To increase the specific efficiency of red beet juice, the method of its fractionation by ultrafiltration was used for the first time. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of fractionated beetroot juice on the strength and endurance of laboratory rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats (6 groups; n = 10) were used in the study. In addition to the standard chow, some groups of rats 2 h before the exercises received 0.5 ml of native (RBJ) or fractionated (FRBJ) per os. Three groups of animals were trained using a motorized wheel with a gradual speed increase over four weeks: 20 min/day for five days a week. Muscle strength of animals in all groups was measured by electronic dynamometry and the endurance of rats was evaluated once a week using electrical stimulation on a racetrack which moved at a speed of 15 m/min. The test was performed an hour after the ingestion of RBJ or FRBJ. At the end of the experiment, biochemical blood indices were determined. FRBJ was prepared by the original method. Results: Most significant differences in the chemical composition of RBJ and FRBJ were found for glutamic acid, of which the content was 67.2% higher than in native juice. The greatest changes during the experiment were in the mass of the rats’ calf muscles. Regular running exercise caused a 29% increase in muscle mass. The additional increase in m. gastrocnemius was also provided y FRBJ – 12%. The combination of physical activity and the introduction of red beet derivate led to the increase of the calf muscle mass by 121% within a month. Assessing the endurance of animals by frequency of falling from the treadmill, we can conclude that compared with untrained animals, trained rats receiving FRBJ had three times higher levels of endurance. Conclusion: Consumption of FRBJ led to increased muscle strength in rats and the ergogenic effect of the product was significantly higher in combination with physical activity.publishersversionPeer reviewe

On the origin of 140 GHz emission from the 4 July 2012 solar flare

The sub-THz event observed on the 4 July 2012 with the Bauman Moscow State Technical University Radio Telescope RT-7.5 at 93 and 140~GHz as well as Kislovodsk and Mets\"ahovi radio telescopes, Radio Solar Telescope Network (RSTN), GOES, RHESSI, and SDO orbital stations is analyzed. The spectral flux between 93 and 140 GHz has been observed increasing with frequency. On the basis of the SDO/AIA data the differential emission measure has been calculated. It is shown that the thermal coronal plasma with the temperature above 0.5~MK cannot be responsible for the observed sub-THz flare emission. The non-thermal gyrosynchrotron mechanism can be responsible for the microwave emission near $10$~GHz but the observed millimeter spectral characteristics are likely to be produced by the thermal bremsstrahlung emission from plasma with a temperature of about 0.1~MK.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

The effect of molecular structure of chlorin photosensitizers on photo-bleaching of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran—the possible evidence of iodine reactive species formation

In this short communication, we focus on the ability of chlorin e$_{6}$ photosensitizers (PSs) with one, two or three cationic groups to generate singlet oxygen species ($^{1}$O$_{2}$) in an apolar model medium, viz. 1-octanol (OctOH). The quantum yield of $^{1}$O$_{2}$ ($\Phi _{\Delta }$) is determined indirectly by the chemical method for seven synthesized PSs using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as a singlet oxygen trap. The $\Phi _{\Delta }$ values of four PSs with one or two cationic groups occupying opposite positions in the macrocycle are equal to 0.6, which is nearly identical to the values obtained by the time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy method. In contrast, three PSs containing a 3(1),3(2)-bis-(N,N,N-trimethylaminomethylvinyl) iodide fragment with two adjacent cationic groups have an abnormally high quantum yield reaching 0.8. It is apparent that this phenomenon results from faster trap oxidation induced by radical reactions leading to molecular iodine formation

The effect of molecular structure of chlorin photosensitizers on photo-bleaching of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran—the possible evidence of iodine reactive species formation

In this short communication, we focus on the ability of chlorin e$_{6}$ photosensitizers (PSs) with one, two or three cationic groups to generate singlet oxygen species ($^{1}$O$_{2}$) in an apolar model medium, viz. 1-octanol (OctOH). The quantum yield of $^{1}$O$_{2}$ ($\Phi _{\Delta }$) is determined indirectly by the chemical method for seven synthesized PSs using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as a singlet oxygen trap. The $\Phi _{\Delta }$ values of four PSs with one or two cationic groups occupying opposite positions in the macrocycle are equal to 0.6, which is nearly identical to the values obtained by the time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy method. In contrast, three PSs containing a 3(1),3(2)-bis-(N,N,N-trimethylaminomethylvinyl) iodide fragment with two adjacent cationic groups have an abnormally high quantum yield reaching 0.8. It is apparent that this phenomenon results from faster trap oxidation induced by radical reactions leading to molecular iodine formation