Operation 1005 in Belorussia: Commonalities and Unique Features, 1942-1944

The article is devoted to the little-studied topic of concealing the traces of Nazi mass crimes on the territory of Belarus, in the period from the spring of 1942 to the liberation of the Republic in the summer of 1944. "Operation 1005" is the code name of a top-secret large-scale operation, carried out by Nazi Germany in order to hide the traces of mass killings committed in Europe during World War II. Citing numerous examples of the cities, regions and areas of Belarus, the author reveals the mechanism used by the Nazis for concealing the consequences of mass murders, names the initiators of these crimes, the executioners and their accomplices. The article has been written on the basis of documentary materials found in various archives, which have been supplemented by the testimony of witnesses of those events, that allowed the author to show the general and the particular, and to draw the necessary conclusions.

Jews under Soviet Rule

RésuméLes juifs sous le régime soviétique. Les tentatives des communautés religieuses de renouveler la vie juive pendant la reconstruction de l’après-guerre : le cas de la Biélorussie, 1944-1953Dans cet article, nous étudions la politique menée par les autorités soviétiques à l’égard des juifs biélorusses dans l’après-guerre. Alors que l’on assiste, chez les survivants de l’Holocauste, à un retour du religieux et à un regain d’intérêt, dans le monde, pour les juifs soviétiques, le régime soviétique s’engage sur la voie de la répression, en particulier après 1948.AbstractThe article explores Soviet policy towards Belorussian Jews in the aftermath of World War II, in the context of a strong religious revival among Holocaust survivors, a heightened international interest in Soviet Jewry and a fierce attempt at repression by Soviet authorities, especially after 1948

Correspondence in Yiddish between personel in Red Army and their relatives during Soviet German war, 1941-1945

Letters in Yiddish represent a special phenomenon in the war correspondence. They differed from the letters in the general flow of correspondence by a number of features. The fate of the Jews who after the Nazi invasion in the summer of 1941 were put on the brink of extinction gave them an especially dramatic color. In the frontline and in the rear the Soviet Jews were experiencing anti-Semitism on the part of both the authorities and the local population. The correspondence in Yiddish reflects all these problems and gives a notion of the actual state of affairs. The article is based on several tens of letters in Yiddish written in 1941-1945 and sent from the areas of evacuation to the front and back.Szczególnym zjawiskiem w korespondencji wojennej są litery w jidysz. Różniły się one od listów w ogólnym obiegu korespondencji szeregiem cech. Szczególnie dramatycznych barw nadał im los Żydów, którzy po najeździe hitlerowskim latem 1941 r. znaleźli się na skraju zagłady. Na froncie i na tyłach sowieccy Żydzi doświadczali antysemityzmu zarówno ze strony władz, jak i miejscowej ludności. Korespondencja w jidysz odzwierciedla wszystkie te problemy i daje wyobrażenie o stanie faktycznym. Artykuł powstał na podstawie kilkudziesięciu listów w języku jidysz napisanych w latach 1941-1945 i wysłanych z obszarów ewakuacji na front i tyły