Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Progressive human immunodeficiency virus infection eventually leads to activation and dissemination of a wide variety of microorganisms normally held in check by the cellular immune system. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of these pathogens, and the disease caused by it has become a common presenting infection in the patient with AIDS. Dr. Richard E. Chaisson and Dr. Gary Slutkin have studied tuberculosis in the United States and worldwide, respectively. In this AIDS Commentary they address the unique nature of this infection, its diagnosis, and its treatment in the patient with AID

El modelo Cure Violence: reducción de la violencia en San Pedro Sula (Honduras)

Desarrollado en Estados Unidos, el modelo Cure Violence («Curar la Violencia») es un programa de control epidémico que reduce la violencia a través de cambios de normas y de comportamiento. Este artículo revisa, en primer lugar, la situación de violencia en Honduras y, en particular, en San Pedro Sula que, durante años, fue la ciudad con mayores tasas de homicidios del mundo. Para hacer frente a esta situación, en 2013 comenzó a implementarse en algunas zonas de la ciudad una adaptación del programa. Así, tras detallar la adaptación del modelo al contexto de la ciudad hondureña, se analizan sus resultados en dos períodos de 2014 y 2015 (frente a 2013 y 2014, respectivamente), entre los que destacan una reducción significativa de los tiroteos y una reducción menor en las cifras de homicidios.Traductora: Ester Jiménez de Cisneros Pui

How Uganda Reversed Its HIV Epidemic

Uganda is one of only two countries in the world that has successfully reversed the course of its HIV epidemic. There remains much controversy about how Uganda's HIV prevalence declined in the 1990s. This article describes the prevention programs and activities that were implemented in Uganda during critical years in its HIV epidemic, 1987 to 1994. Multiple resources were aggregated to fuel HV prevention campaigns at multiple levels to a far greater degree than in neighboring countries. We conclude that the reversed direction of the HIV epidemic in Uganda was the direct result of these interventions and that other countries in the developing world could similarly prevent or reverse the escalation of HIV epidemics with greater availability of HIV prevention resources, and well designed programs that take efforts to a critical breadth and depth of effort