Dactyloscirus

Key to female <i>Dactyloscirus</i> <p> The following key, based on one presented by Smiley (1992), has been modified and illustrated to reduce ambiguous characters. The following species, in addition to those newly described in this work, have been included for completeness: <i>Dactyloscirus philippinensis</i>, <i>D. trifidus, D. orsi, D. minys, D. dicondylus, D. agricolus, D. rosarioae, D. bifidus, D. illutus, D. smileyi</i> and <i>D. hoffmannae</i>.</p> <p>1 Palpal tibiotarsi and genua with adjoining apophyses (Fig. 24 a–h).............................................. 2</p> <p>- Palpal tibiotarsi and genua without adjoining apophyses (Fig. 28 a–d)........................................... 19</p> <p>2 Dorsal hysterosomal lateral platelets present (Fig. 26 a–d)..................................................... 3</p> <p>- Dorsal hysterosomal lateral platelets absent (Fig. 27a–f)..................................................... 11</p> <p>3 Palp telofemora with one or two apophyses (Fig. 28 a–d)..................................................... 4</p> <p> - Palp telofemora without an apophysis.............................................................. <i>D. poppi</i></p> <p>4 Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis (Fig. 28 a, b)............................................................ 5</p> <p> - Palpal telofemora with 2 apophyses: 1 basal, flattened and disc-shaped, 1 apical, short, thick and bulbus (Fig. 28 c).................................................................................................... <i>D. condylus</i></p> <p> 5 Lateral platelets inconspicuous, length less than 2 times the length of <i>c1</i> or <i>c2</i>; cosmopolitan (Fig. 26 a).......... <i>D. inermis</i></p> <p> - Lateral platelets large, length greater than 2 times the length of <i>c1</i> or <i>c2</i> (Fig. 26 b–d)................................ 6</p> <p> 6 Setae <i>f1</i> and <i>h1</i> equal in length; median shield present (Fig. 26 b, c) or absent (Fig. 26 d).............................. 7</p> <p> - Setae <i>f1</i> shorter than <i>h1</i>; median shield absent (Fig. 26 d)...................................................... 9</p> <p>7 Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora as long or longer than length of genu, blunt or pointed distally (Fig. 24 b,c); median shield present (Fig. 26 b, c)....................................................................... 8</p> <p> - Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora shorter than length of genu, blunt distally (Fig. 24 a); median shield absent (Fig. 26 d)............................................................................. <i>D. dolichosetosus</i></p> <p> 8 Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora pointed distally (Fig. 24 b); palp tibiotarsi with 4 sts; median shield compli- mented with setae <i>c1</i>, <i>d1</i>; <i>e1</i> on small platelets (Fig. 26 b); leg basifemora IV with 1 sts.................. <i>D. philippinensis</i></p> <p> - Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora blunted distally (Fig. 24 c); setae <i>c1–e1</i> on median shield (Fig. 26 c); palp tibi- otarsi with 5 sts; leg basifemora IV with 2 sts..................................... <i>D. pseudophilippinensis</i> <b>sp. nov</b></p> <p> 9 Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora inconspicuous: circular, minute and hyaline (Fig. 24 d).... <i>D. hoffmannae</i></p> <p>- Apophysis adjoining palpal genua and telofemora conspicuous: short, blunt apically (Fig. 24 e)...................... 10</p> <p> 10 Genital setae <i>g3</i> longest, 1.5–1.7 times the length of <i>g2</i> and <i>g4</i>, more than 2 times the length of <i>g1</i>............... <i>D. smileyi</i></p> <p> - Genital setae <i>g4</i> longest, 2 times the length of <i>g1–3</i>.................................................... <i>D. humuli</i></p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt

Armascirus

Key to adult female <i>Armascirus</i> <p> The following key, based on one presented by Kaluz (2009), has been modified and illustrated. The following species, in addition to those newly described in this work, have been included: <i>Armascirus javanus, A. garciai, A. makilingensis</i> and <i>A. apoensis</i>. In addition, <i>A. bakeri</i> (Smiley, 1992), which possesses a palpal basifemoral simple seta and has a leg I–IV telofemoral chaetotaxy of 4-4-4-4 sts, is moved from <i>Dactyloscirus</i> to <i>Armascirus</i> based on the generic diagnosis given in this work and by Den Heyer and Castro (2008).</p> <p> <i>Armascirus ebrius</i> possesses a holodorsal shield complemented with <i>c1–f1</i>, <i>c2</i>. This condition is reported in the few male Armascirines that have been described (see for example Corpuz-Raros 1995; Den Heyer 1978) but never in females. The authors are of the opinion that <i>A. ebrius</i> may be a male mistakenly described as a female. Not having seen the type specimen we can neither confirm nor deny this and so have included in in the following key.</p> <p>1 Hysterosomal median shield present (Figs. 17 a–i, 18a–d)..................................................... 2</p> <p>- Hysterosomal median shield absent (Fig. 19 a–c)............................................................ 28</p> <p>2 Median shield small or large, complemented with setae (Fig. 17 a–i).............................................. 3</p> <p>- Median shield small, not complemented with setae, (Fig. 18a–d)............................................... 22</p> <p> 3 One pair of setae (<i>d1</i>) on hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 a–f)............................................... 4</p> <p>- Two or more pairs of setae on hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 g–i)......................................... 18</p> <p>4 Lateral hysterosomal platelets present (Fig. 17 a–d)........................................................... 5</p> <p>- Lateral hysterosomal platelets absent (Fig. 17 e, f).......................................................... 15</p> <p> 5 Setae <i>c1</i> very short, the distance between the bases of <i>c1–c1</i> 20 times the length of <i>c1</i>; venter caudally from coxae II with 5 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae).............................................. <i>A. rafalskii</i></p> <p> - Setae <i>c1</i> longer, the distance between the bases of <i>c1–c1</i> less than 10 times the length of <i>c1</i>; venter caudally from coxae II with 6 or more pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae)........................................... 6</p> <p>6 The distance between caudal parts of hysterosomal lateral platelets wider than the distance between their frontal parts (Fig. 17 a, b)............................................................................................. 7</p> <p>- The distance between caudal parts of hysterosomal lateral platelets shorter than the distance between their frontal parts (Figs. 11 a, 17c,d)......................................................................................... 9</p> <p> 7 Lateral hysterosomal platelets equal to or longer than hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 a); venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae).................................... <i>A</i>. <i>jasmina</i></p> <p>- Lateral hysterosomal platelets shorter than hysterosomal median shield (Fig. 17 b); venter caudally from coxae II with 7 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae)...................................................... 8</p> <p> 8 Palpal genua with 3 spls, 1 sts..................................................................... <i>A</i>. <i>akhtari</i></p> <p> - Palpal genua with 3 spls..................................................................... <i>A</i>. <i>satianaensis</i></p> <p>9 Venter caudally from coxae II with 7–8 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital,coxal, and anal setae)................. 10</p> <p>- Venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae).................. 11</p> <p> 10 Apophyses adjoining palpal genua longer than genu; median shield pointed caudally (Fig. 17 c); venter caudally from coxae II with 7 pairs of setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsal sts chaetotaxy I–IV 18-15-13 -12........... <i>A. asghari</i></p> <p> - Apophyses adjoining palpal genua shorter than genu; median shield truncated caudally (Fig. 17 d); venter caudally from coxae II with 8 pairs of setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsal sts chaetotaxy I–IV 25-23-23 -21......... <i>A. albiziae</i></p> <p>11 Tarsus I with more than 27 setae; tarsus II with at least 24 setae................................................ 12</p> <p>- Tarsus I with less than 25 setae; tarsus II with less than 23 setae................................................ 13</p> <p> 12 Genital valve with random dot-like lobes; tarsal sts chaetotaxy I–IV 29-25-23 -22............................. <i>A. pluri</i></p> <p> - Genital valve longitudinal rows of dot-like lobes; tarsal sts chaetotaxy I–IV 29-24-22 -21.................... <i>A. mactator</i></p> <p> 13 Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 2 spls; palpal genua with 1 ap, 2 spls, 2 sts.......................... <i>A. huyssteeni</i></p> <p>- Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 1 spls; palpal genua with 1 ap, 3 spls, 1 sts.................................. 14</p> <p> 14 Genua II with 1 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts.................................................... <i>A. taurus</i></p> <p> - Genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 1 asl, 4 sts........................................ <i>A. primigenius</i> <b>sp. nov.</b></p> <p>15 Hysterosomal median shield with a straight or concave frontal margin and with very acute anterior lateral corners (angle less than 45°) (Fig. 17 e).................................................................................. 16</p> <p>- Hysterosomal median shield with convex frontal margin and with rounded anterior lateral corners (Fig. 17 f)........... 17</p> <p> 16 Palpal genua with 1 ap, 2 spls, 1 sts; legs I–IV sts formulae (excluding solenida): basifemora 1-2-1-0; telofemora 4-4-4-4; genua 6-7-5-6; <i>h1</i> 4 times the length of <i>c1</i>; hysterosomal shield width: length = 2.2:1........................... <i>A. sabrii</i></p> <p> - Palpal genua with 1 ap, 3 spls, 1 sts; legs I–IV sts formulae (excluding solenida): basifemora 2-2-1-1; telofemora 4-4-4-3; genua 8-6-6-6; <i>h1</i> 3 times the length of <i>c1</i>; hysterosomal shield width: length 1.5:1......................... <i>A. gorjaensis</i></p> <p> 17 Apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus shorter than palpal tibiotarsus; palpal atelofemoral apophyses three times longer than spine-like seta; distance between the bases of <i>mps–mps</i> 9 times the length of <i>mps............................. A. bison</i></p> <p> - Apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus longer than palpal tibiotarusus; palpal telofemoral apophyses three times longer than spine-like seta; distance between the bases of <i>mps–mps</i> 5 times the length of <i>mps.............................. A. fixus</i></p> <p> 18 Hysterosomal median shield with 2 pairs of setae (<i>c1</i>, <i>d1</i>) (Fig. 17 g)............................................ 19</p> <p>- Hysterosomal median shield with more than 2 pairs of setae (Fig. 17 h, i)....................................... 20</p> <p> 19 Palpal telofemora with 2 ap, 1 spls; palpal genua with 2 spls, 2 sts; venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsi I–IV with 21-20-15-13 sts (excluding solenida); the distance between bases of <i>c1–c1</i> 4 times the distance of <i>h1–h1</i>; distance between <i>c1–c1</i> 5 times the length of <i>c1</i>......................... <i>A. anastosi</i></p> <p> - Palpal telofemora with 1 ap, 1 spls; palpal genua with 3 spls, 1 sts; venter caudally from coxae II with 5 pairs of simple setae (excluding genital, coxal, and anal setae); tarsi I–IV with 19-13-13-13 sts (excluding solenida); the distance between <i>c1–c1</i> 2 times the distance between <i>h1–h1</i>; the distance between <i>c1–c1</i> 4 times the length of <i>c1</i>....................... <i>A. heryfordi</i></p> <p> 20 Hysterosomal shield bearing 3 pairs of setae (<i>c1, d1, e1</i>) (Fig. 17 h); apophysis adjacent to palpal genua and tibiotarsi absent...................................................................................................... 21</p> <p> - Hysterosomal shield bearing 5 pairs of setae (<i>c1–f1</i>, <i>c2</i>) (Fig. 17 i); apophysis adjacent to palpal genua and tibiotarsi present................................................................................................. <i>A. ebrius</i></p> <p> 21 5 pairs of genital setae; palp claw bifid (Fig. 20 a); hysterosomal setae not serrate.......................... <i>A. apoensis</i></p> <p> - 4 pairs of genital setae; palp claw entire, not bifid (Fig. 20 b); hysterosomal setae serrate...................... <i>A. fuscus</i></p> <p>22 Lateral hysterosomal platelets present (Fig. 18a–c).......................................................... 23</p> <p>- Lateral hysterosomal platelets absent (Fig. 18d)............................................................ 25</p> <p> 23 Hysterosomal platelets large, as long as median shield (Fig. 18a); width: length of hysterosomal median shield 1:1; venter cau- dally from coxae II with 7 pairs of sts (excluding genital and anal setae); genital setae <i>g1–g4</i> equal in length....... <i>A. cerris</i></p> <p> - Hysterosomal platelets large or small (Fig. 18b,c); width: length of hysterosomal median shield 2:1; venter caudally from coxae II with 6 pairs of sts (excluding genital and anal setae); genital setae <i>g3</i> & <i>g4</i> ca 1.3 times longer than <i>g1</i> & <i>g2</i>....... 24</p> <p> 24 Hysterosomal platelets as long as median shield (Figs. 3 a, 18b)................................ <i>A. ozarkensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b></p> <p> - Hysterosomal platelets ½ as long as median shield (Figs. 11 a, 18c)....................................... <i>A. gimplei</i></p> <p> 25 Apophysis on palp telofemur extends to distal margin of segment; 2 pairs of ventral pregenital setae thickened and spiculate; <i>f1</i> 1/3 length of <i>h1</i>.......................................................................... <i>A. makilingensis</i></p> <p> - Apophysis on palp telofemur extends well beyond distal margin of segment; ventral pregenital setae not thickened and spicu- late; <i>f1</i> subequal to <i>h1</i>................................................................................. 26</p> <p> 26 Palpal telofemora with 2 ap, 1 spls; the distance between the bases of <i>c1–c1</i> two times the distance of <i>d1–d1</i>... <i>A. limpopoensis</i></p> <p> - Palp telofemora with 1 ap, 1 spls; the distances between the bases of <i>c1–c1</i> = <i>d1–d1</i>................................ 27</p> <p> 27 Palp tibiotarsus with 1 spls, 4 sts................................................................ <i>A. harrisoni</i></p> <p> - Palp tibiotarsus with 1 spls, 3 sts.................................................................. <i>A. bakeri</i></p> <p>28 Palpal telofemoral apophyses long, reaching apical apophysis on palpal genu; lateral platelets present................ 29</p> <p>- Palpal telofemoral apophyses short, not reaching apical apophysis on palpal genu; lateral platelets present or absent...... 30</p> <p> 29 Palpal basifemora with 1 subrectangular apophysis; palp tibiotarsal spls 3 times the length of terminal claw; hysterosomal platelets small, equal in length to <i>c2</i> (Fig. 19 a); coxal chaetotaxy I–IV 3-2 -3-3........................... <i>A. lebowensis</i></p> <p> - Palpal basifemora without subrectangular apophysis; palp tibiotarsal spls equal in length to terminal claw; hysterosomal plate- lets long, 2–3 times the length of <i>c2</i> (Fig. 19 b); coxal chaetotaxy I–V 3-1 -3-1............................ <i>A. campbelli</i></p> <p>30 Coxal chaetotaxy I–IV 3-2 -3-3........................................................................ 31</p> <p>- Coxal chaetotaxy I–IV 3-2 -3-2......................................................................... 33</p> <p> 31 Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 2 spls, 1 sts; the distance between <i>d1–d1</i> 9 times the length of <i>d1</i>; palpal genua with 2 spls, 1 sts........................................................................................ <i>A. cyaneus</i></p> <p> - Palpal telofemora with 1 apophysis, 2 spls; the distance between <i>d1–d1</i> 4 times the length of <i>d1</i>; palpal genua chaetotaxy not as above............................................................................................ 32</p> <p> 32 Hysterosomal platelets present (Fig 19 b); palpal genua with 2 spls, 2 sts; basifemora with 5-5-4-2 sts........ <i>A. virginiensis</i></p> <p> - Hysterosomal platelets absent (Fig. 19 c); palpal genua with 1 spls, 1 sts; basifemora with 6-6-4-2 sts........... <i>A. javanus</i></p> <p> 33 Palpal telofemoral apophyses as long as width of telofemora; palpal genu with 1 apophysis, 2 spls, 2 sts................................................................................................. <i>A. pennsylvanicus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b></p> <p> - Palpal telofemoral apophyses only 1/3 width of telofemora; palpal genu with 1 apophysis, 3 spls, 1 sts........... <i>A. garciai</i></p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt

Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus Den Heyer 1979

<i>Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus</i> Den Heyer, 1979 <p> <i>Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus</i> Den Heyer, 1979b: 96, figs. 71–77; Sepasgosarian 1984: 141; Smiley 1992: 223, figs. 117A, B. Castro 2008: 91.</p> <p> <i>Dactyloscirus dolichosetosies</i> Den Heyer 1979b: 96</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus</i> resembles <i>D. humuli, D. smileyi</i> and <i>D. condylus</i> in that it possesses long lateral platelets but lacks a median shield. It can be distinguished from <i>D. humuli</i> and <i>D. smileyi</i> by the length of setae <i>f1</i> and <i>h1</i>: <i>f1</i> is shorter than <i>h</i> <i>1</i> in <i>D. humuli</i> and <i>D. smileyi</i> but equal in length in <i>D. dolichosetosus</i>. <i>Dactyloscirus dolichosetosus</i> possesses one telofemoral apophysis whereas <i>D. condylus</i> possesses a second flattened apophysis basally.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Until recently this species was reported only from South Africa by Den Heyer (1979). The range expansion presented here, combined with Castro (2008) who reported it from Brazil, suggest it may have a much wider, possibly cosmopolitan, range. Den Heyer (1979) provides an abundance of illustrations and SEM images.</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b> (17 individuals on slides). 2 females, ex litter, USA, Mississippi, Lee Co, Natchez Trace mi 260 (34° 08.083 N, 068° 50.250 W), 16 June 2009, coll. J. G. Hill. APGD 10-0119-001 ● 1 female (APGD 10- 0205-002), ex litter, USA, Mississippi, Lee Co, Natchez Trace mi 260 (34° 07.800 N, 068° 50.300 W), 16 June 2009, coll. J. G. Hill ● 1 female (Chickasaw ViII B), same data ● 3 females (APGD 10-1008-001), ex sycamore (<i>Platanus occidentalis</i>) litter on stable island in creek, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36° 02.259 N, 093° 20.880 W), 8 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female (APGD 10-1008-005), ex saturated moss along creek bank, same data ● 1 female (APGD 10-1010-001), ex moss along creek bank, same locality, (36° 02.016 N, 093° 20.137 W), 10 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 5 females (APGD 10-0725-003), ex maple (<i>Acer</i> sp.) litter drift against small log in secondary forest, USA, Pennsylvania, Westmoreland Co, Irwin, Paintertown (40° 22.183 N, 079° 41.917 W), 19 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female (APGD 10-1002-003), same data, 2 October 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female (APGD 10-0826-003), USA, Pennsylvania, Somerset Co, Laurel Hill State Park, nr. Eberly Scout Reservation (40° 00.963 N, 079° 14.233 W), 26 August 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 tritonymph (APGD 10-0609-004), pitfall in oak and juniper scrub, Missouri, Taney Co, Mark Twain National Forest, Hercules Glades (36° 41.196 N, 092°58.263), 0 9 June 2010, coll. J. R. Fisher and M. J. Skvarla.</p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on pages 30-31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt

Dactyloscirus Berlese 1916

<i>Dactyloscirus</i> Berlese, 1916 <p> <b>Historical review.</b> Trägårdh (1905) described <i>Scirus inermis</i>. Berlese (1916) erected <i>Dactyloscirus</i> as a subgenus of <i>Scirus</i> to accommodate <i>Scirus</i> (<i>Dactyloscirus</i>) <i>eupaloides</i>. He also described <i>Scirus dorcas</i> but failed to recognize that they were congeneric. Oudemans (1922) described <i>Rosenhofia machairodus</i>. Halbert (1923) redescribed and figured <i>S. inermis</i> from Ireland. Sellnick (1926) transferred <i>S. inermis</i> to <i>Cunaxa</i>. Vitzthum (1931) raised <i>Dactyloscirus</i> to full generic status but later (1940-43) treated it as a subgenus. Thor & Willmann (1941) again elevated <i>Dactyloscirus</i> to generic status and designated <i>Dactyloscirus eupaloides</i> as the type specimen; they also transferred <i>C. inermis</i> and <i>S. dorcas</i> to <i>Dactyloscirus</i>. Baker & Hoffmann (1948) regarded <i>Dactyloscirus</i> as a senior synonym of <i>Cunaxa</i>. Smiley (1975) synonymized <i>Rosenhofia</i> with <i>Dactyloscirus</i>. Zaher <i>et al.</i> (1975) reported <i>D. inermis</i> from Egypt (though they called it <i>Cunaxa inermis</i>). Chaudhri (1977) described <i>D. fuscus</i>. Den Heyer (1978 b) split <i>Armascirus</i> from <i>Dactyloscirus</i> and <i>Cunaxa</i> and raised the subfamily Cunaxinae to accommodate them, thus refining the definitions of all three genera. Den Heyer (1979a) described <i>D. condylus</i> and <i>D.</i></p> <p> <i>dolichosetosus</i>. Den Heyer (1980) erected the tribe <i>Armascirini</i> and made <i>Dactyloscirus</i> and <i>Armascirus</i> the sole representatives. Gupta and Ghosh (1980) described <i>Cunaxoides nicobarensis</i>. <i>Dactyloscirus pataliputraensis</i> was described by Gupta (1981). Goff (1983) recorded <i>D. inermis</i> from Hawaii. Liang (1986) described <i>D. humuli</i> from China. Michocka (1987) reported <i>D. inermis</i> from Poland. Smiley (1992) transferred <i>Cunaxoides nicobarensis</i> to <i>Dactyloscirus</i> and described <i>D. mansoni</i>, <i>D. johnstoni</i>, and <i>D. poppi</i>. Corpuz-Raros (1995) described <i>D. philippinensis</i>, <i>D. rosarioae,</i> and <i>D. agricolus</i>. Inayatullah and Shahid (1996) described <i>D. illutus, D. minys,</i> and <i>D. orsi</i>. Swift (1996) described <i>D. hoffmannae</i> and <i>D. smileyi</i> from the Hawaiian Islands. Hu (1997) reported <i>D. inermis</i> and <i>D. humuli</i> from China. Corpuz-Raros (2008) described <i>D. apoensis, D. discocondylus,</i> and <i>D. trifidus.</i></p> <p> <b>Generic diagnosis.</b> Palpi five segmented, extend beyond the subcapitulum by at least the last segment. They end in a strong claw, though the claw may be bifid or trifid. The palps are often adorned with an apophysis between the genua and tibiotarsi. Palp genual apophysis can be long or short and generally ends in a bulbous, hyaline tip; it can however end in a tapering point as in <i>Armascirus</i>. This apophysis can be approximately equal between males and females or can be shorter in males. Basifemora and telofemora are complemented with spine-like setae; these two segments are fused though a line remains visible and they can thus be differentiated.</p> <p> Subcapitulum is complemented with six pairs of setae (<i>hg1–4</i> and two pairs of adoral setae). It can be covered by integumental papillae that are either randomly distributed or form a polygonal, reticulated pattern.</p> <p> Female dorsal idiosoma has at least one sclerotized plate that bears two pairs of setose sensillae (<i>ap</i> and <i>pt</i>) and two pairs of simple setae (<i>lps</i> and <i>mps</i>). 0–4 other major plates and platelets may also be present. All plates, if present, are covered by integumental papillae that form a reticulated pattern. The integument between the plates is striated. Seven pairs of setae (<i>c1–2</i>, <i>d1–h1</i>) are present. Each seta, when not on a major plate or platelet, is born by a minute platelet that is only slightly larger than the setal socket. Cupule <i>im</i> is present, laterad or in the proximity of <i>e1</i>. Dorsal idiosoma of males is similar except a single large plate usually complemented with <i>c1–2</i>, <i>d1–e1</i> present (male <i>D. inermis</i> do not have <i>c2</i> on the plate).</p> <p> Female ventral idiosoma complemented by coxal, genital and anal plates. Coxal plates reticulated in the same manner as the dorsal plates. Coxae I and II often fused; coxae III and IV often fused. Setal formula for coxae I–IV usually 3-3-3-3. Genital plates each bear four setae; two pairs of genital papillae visible underneath the plates. Anal plates bear one pair of setae (<i>ps1</i>). Two pairs of setae (<i>ps2</i> and <i>h2</i>) associated with, but do not occur on, the anal plates. Cupule <i>ih</i> present in close proximity to <i>h2</i>. Integument between plates striated and bears 5–7 pairs of additional setae. Ventral idiosoma of males similar, except coxal plates much more extensive. Sclerotized aedeagus sometimes visible in association with the genital plates.</p> <p>Legs comparatively short, generally not exceeding ¾ the length of the body. Famulus on tarsi I enlarged and ends in a tri-tipped prong. Tarsi constricted apically, resulting in large tarsal lobes.</p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt

MICHAEL J. SKVARLA1 & ASHLEY P. G. DOWLING (2012) Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States. Zootaxa, 3194, 1-34

SKVARLA, MICHAEL J., DOWLING, ASHLEY P. G. (2012): MICHAEL J. SKVARLA1 & ASHLEY P. G. DOWLING (2012) Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States. Zootaxa, 3194, 1-34. Zootaxa 3358 (1): 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3358.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3358.1.

A comparison of trapping techniques (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, and Curculionoidea excluding Scolytinae)

exterior, Plaza, from the northwest corner, with administration building on left, museum on right and Parliament Buildings between them in distanc

Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis Skvarla & Dowling, sp. nov.

<i>Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis</i> Skvarla & Dowling sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 21–23)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis</i> most closely resembles <i>D. philippinensis</i> in possessing a median shield and lateral platelets and having a single distally pointed apophysis adjoining the palpal genu and tibiotarsus. The apophysis on the palp basifemor is also very short and inconspicuous and blunted distally. <i>Dactyloscirus pseudophilippinensis</i> can be distinguished from <i>D. philippinensis</i> based on the following setal formulae: palp tibiotarsi with 5 sts instead of 4 sts; leg basifemora 5-5-3-2 sts instead of 5-5-3-1 sts.</p> <p> <b>Female.</b> Idiosoma 388–513 (433, n=4) long, 263–375 (320) wide.</p> <p> <i>Gnathasoma</i> (Fig. 21). <b>Subcapitulum</b> (Fig. 21 a) longer than ½ the length of the idiosoma, 260–298 (278). 2 pairs of adoral setae present, the basal pair short and inconspicuous. Four pairs of setae (<i>hg1–4</i>); <i>hg2</i> and <i>hg4</i> short, <i>hg1</i> 2 times and <i>hg3</i> 6 times as long as <i>hg2</i> and <i>hg4</i> (15, 7, 40, 8). <b>Palp</b> (Fig. 21 b) 200–300 (269). Chaetotaxy: trochanter, absent; basifemur with 1 spls; telofemur with 1 spls and 1 apophysis which is short and blunt distally; genu with 4 sts and apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus long and blunted distally, apically hyaline; tibiotarsus with 1 spls (small and inconspicuous), 1 dtsl and 3 sts (1 long, basal; 2 short on apical half). The tibiotarsus ends in a claw. <b>Chelicera</b> (Fig. 21 c) 205–225 (216), elongate, slightly curved and reticulate basally.</p> <p> <i>Dorsum</i> (Fig. 22 a). Proterosomal shield present and reticulate. Two setose trichobothria (<i>ap</i> and <i>pt</i>) present on shield; 213–263 (229) and 233 (n=1), respectively. Two setae (<i>lps</i> and <i>mps</i>) also present on shield; 6–10 (8) and 12–17 (15), respectively. Hysterosomal (median) shield and lateral platelets present, reticulate. Setae <i>c1</i>, <i>d1</i> and <i>e1</i> on median shield; 11, 12 and 15, respectively. Setae <i>c2, f1, h1</i> born on minute sclerotized plates barely larger than setal socket; 9, 27 and 29, respectively. Cupule <i>im</i> present and laterad to <i>e1</i>. Integument striated.</p> <p> <i>Venter</i> (Fig. 22 b). Coxal plates I and II fused but retaining suture, without polygonal pattern. Coxal plates III and IV fused but retaining suture, with reticulate pattern. Coxae I–IV setal formula 3-3-3-3. 5 pairs of dorsal setae after coxae II (not including genital and anal setae). Genital plates weakly sclerotized and bearing four pairs of setae (<i>g1–4</i>); <i>g1,2,3</i> arranged longitudinally, <i>g4</i> moved laterad of <i>g3</i> to distal edge of the plate. Two pairs of papillae visible under genital plates. Three pairs of setae on or adjacent to anal plates: 2 pseudanal setae (<i>ps1–2</i>) and <i>h2</i>. Cupule <i>ih</i> present and laterad to <i>ps2</i>.</p> <p> <i>Legs</i> (Fig. 23 a–d). Legs I–IV shorter than body: 338–385 (364), 290–343 (311), 290–340 (322) and 338–388 (363), respectively. Chaetotaxy: trochanters I–IV, 1-1-2-1; basifemora I–IV, 5-5-3-2; telofemora I–IV, 5-5-4-4; genua I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua III with 1 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts; tibiae I with 2 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae II with 1 asl, 5 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts; tibiae IV with 1 T, 4 sts; tarsi I with 4 asl, 1 fam, 2 tsl, 15 sts; tarsi II with 1 asl, 1 tsl, 13 sts; tarsi III with 1 tsl, 17 sts; tarsi IV with 17 sts.</p> <p> <b>Male and developmental stages.</b> Unknown</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is so named because it closely resembles <i>D. philippinensis</i>.</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b> (3 individuals on slides). Female holotype (APGD 10-0726-006), ex. deciduous litter in grass on top of ridge, USA, Arkansas, Washington Co, Ozark National Forest, Weddington (36° 06.322 N, 094° 23.390 W), 26 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female paratype (APGD 10-0915-001), same locality, 15 Sept. 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female paratype (APGD 10-0730-006), ex. moist deciduous litter drifted against slope in creek bottom, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co, Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36° 02.016 N, 093° 20.137 W), 30 July 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla ● 1 female paratype (APGD 11-0124-002), ex litter in creek/ bottomland, USA, Mississippi, Okitibbeha Co, Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge. 6 October 2008, coll. J. G. Hill.</p> <p> <b>Type deposition.</b> Holotype and 2 female paratypes — ACUA; 1 female paratype <b>—</b> USNM; 1 female paratype <b>—</b> OSAL.</p> <p> <b>FIGURE 27.</b> Examples in which the lateral platelets are absent. <b>27c—</b> Redrawn from Gupta (1981), in which setae <i>c2</i> appear to be missing.</p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on pages 26-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt

Armascirus gimplei Smiley 1992

<i>Armascirus gimplei</i> Smiley, 1992 <p>(Figs. 11–13)</p> <p> <i>Armascirus gimplei</i> Smiley, 1992: 139, fig. 70A, B; Kalúz 2009: 37.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Armascirus gimplei</i> most closely resembles <i>A. ozarkensis</i> and <i>A. cerris</i> in that it has a small hysterosomal (median) shield that is not complemented with dorsal setae and has lateral platelets. It can be differentiated from <i>A. cerris</i> because it has 6 setae after coxae II (not including coxal, genital and anal setae) instead of 7. It can be differentiated from <i>A. ozarkensis</i> based on the lateral platelets, which are conspicuous and as long as the median shield in <i>A. ozarkensis</i> and inconspicuous and only as long as or slightly longer than <i>c</i> <i>2</i> in <i>A. gimplei.</i></p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> After examining both the holotype and the newly collected specimen, differences between the original description and the specimens were found. Smiley (1992) states that the lateral hysterosomal platelets of <i>A. gimplei</i> are small and that <i>c2</i> is located on the platelets. In reality the platelets are small and inconspicuous, but occur on the integument between <i>d1</i> and <i>c2</i> much as they do in other <i>Armascirus</i>. The structures previously reported as the lateral platelets are the same tiny platelets that occur at the base of all dorsal setae that are situated in the integument away from larger plates and shields.</p> <p>The integument around the setae laterad of coxae III appears to be more sclerotized than the surrounding cuticle. This area does not bear the reticulated pattern of the coxal or dorsal plates. The structure is not visible in the holotype so we were unable to determine if it is present across the species or an anomaly of the specimen examined.</p> <p>In addition, differences between the new specimen and the published leg setal formulae were found as follows: tibiae I with 2 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts. Unfortunately the holotype is in a poor condition that does not allow these leg segments to be viewed, and therefore these differences cannot be corroborated with the type. Subcapitulum (Fig. 11 a), palp (Fig. 11 b), chelicera (Fig. 11 c), The idiosoma (12a, b) and legs (Fig. 13 a–d) have been illustrated based on the Ozark specimen to aid in identification.</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b> (2 individuals on slides). Female holotype, ex. <i>Tillandsia</i> sp., Mexico, Vera Cruz. 6 April 1966, coll. J. T. Watt. ● 1 female (APGD 10-0730-005), ex. mixed cedar and deciduous litter, USA, Arkansas, Newton Co., Buffalo National River, Steel Creek (36° 01.924 N, 093° 20.040 W), 30 July 2010, by M. J. Skvarla.</p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt

Armascirus pennsylvanicus Skvarla and Dowling, sp. nov.

<i>Armascirus pennsylvanicus</i> Skvarla and Dowling sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 5–7)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Armascirus pennsylvanicus</i> most closely resembles <i>A. virginiensis</i> as it lacks a hysterosomal (median) shield and the apical palp telofemoral apophysis does not reach the apical palp genual apophysis. It can be distinguished from <i>A. virginiensis</i> by the chaetotaxy of the palp tibiotarsi (1 spls + 4 sts instead of 1 spls + 3 sts.</p> <p> <b>Female.</b> Idiosoma 500 (n=1) long, 375 wide.</p> <p> <i>Gnathasoma</i> (Fig. 5). <b>Subcapitulum</b> (Fig. 5 a) nearly ½ the length of idiosoma, 265. Two pairs of adoral setae present. Four pairs of setae (<i>hg1–4</i>); <i>hg1,2,4</i> subequal, <i>hg3</i> longer by more than three times (20, 26, 73, 20). <b>Palp</b> (Fig. 5 b) 238. Chaetotaxy: trochanter - 0; basifemur - 1 sts; telofemur - 2 spls, 1 apophysis; genu - 2 spls, 2 sts, 1 apophysis adjoining genu and tibiotarsus; tibiotarsus - 1 spls, 1 dtsl, 3 sts. Tibiotarsus ends in a claw. <b>Chelicera</b> (Fig. 5 c) 238, elongate, base 4 times width of apex.</p> <p> <i>Dorsum</i> (Fig. 6 a). Proterosomal shield present and weakly reticulate. Two setose trichobothria (<i>ap</i> and <i>pt</i>) present on shield; 335 and 488, respectively. Two setae (<i>lps</i> and <i>mps</i>) also present on shield; 11 and 10, respectively. Hysterosomal (median) shield absent, lateral platelets present and reticulate. Setae <i>c1–h1</i>, <i>c2</i> on minute sclerotized plates barely larger than the setal socket; 11, 10, 10, 15, 26 and 35, respectively. Cupule <i>im</i> present, laterad to <i>e1.</i> Integument striated.</p> <p> <i>Venter</i> (Fig. 6 b). Coxal plates I and II fused but retaining suture; coxal plates III and IV fused but retaining suture. Coxal plates weakly reticulate. Coxae I–IV setal formula 3-1-3-2. Genital plates weakly sclerotized with four pairs of setae (<i>g1–g4</i>); two pairs of papillae visible under genital plates. Three pairs of setae on or adjacent to anal plates: two pseudanal setae (<i>ps1–2</i>) and <i>h2</i>. Cupule <i>ih</i> present laterad to <i>ps2</i>.</p> <p> <i>Legs</i> (Fig. 7 a–d). Legs I and II shorter than body, 475 and 455; legs III and IV longer than body, 528 and 513. Chaetotaxy: trochanters I–IV, 1-1-2-1; basifemora I–IV, 5-5-4-2; telofemora I–IV, 4-4-4-4; genua I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; genua II with 2 asl, 5 sts; genua III with 1 asl, 5 sts; genua IV with 2 asl, 5 sts; tibiae I with 1 asl, 1 mst, 4 sts; tibiae II with 1 asl, 5 sts; tibiae III with 1 bsl, 5 sts; tibiae IV with 1 T, 4 sts; tarsi I with 4 asl, 1 mst, 2 tsl, 1 fam, 19 sts; tarsi II with 1 bsl, 1 tsl, 19 sts; tarsi III with 1 tsl, 18 sts; tarsi IV- with 17 sts.</p> <p> <b>Male and developmental stages.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is named after the state in which it was collected.</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b> (1 individual on a slide). Female holotype (APGD 10-0826-010), ex. maple and oak litter under mountain laurel along creek edge, USA, Pennsylvania, Somerset Co, Laurel Hill State Park, nr. Ebery Scout Reservation (40° 01.182 N, 079° 14.548 W). 26 August 2010, coll. M. J. Skvarla.</p> <p> <b>Type deposition.</b> Holotype—ACUA</p>Published as part of <i>Skvarla, Michael J. & Dowling, Ashley P. G., 2012, Some new armascirine cunaxids (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from the Eastern United States, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 3194</i> on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201630">http://zenodo.org/record/201630</a&gt