165 research outputs found
Evaluation of Risk Scores as Predictive Tools for Stroke in Patients with Retinal Artery Occlusion:A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Revascularisation for Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease:External Applicability of the VOYAGER PAD Trial
Reply: to comment on "Indirect comparisons of new oral anticoagulant drugs for efficacy and safety when used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation" AND "Lack of stroke subtype information may hinder indirect comparison between the ROCKET-AF and other trials of new oral anticoagulants"
Risk of recurrence and bleeding in patients with cancer-associated venous thromboembolism treated with rivaroxaban:A nationwide cohort study
Temporal Trends in Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Care
Background
Incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation (
AF
) are expected to increase dramatically; however, we currently lack comprehensive data on temporal trends in unselected clinical populations.
Methods and Results
Analysis of the
UK
Clinical Practice Research Datalink (
CPRD
) from 1998 to 2010 of patients with incident
AF
, excluding major valvular disease, linked to hospital admission data and national statistics. Fifty‐seven thousand eight hundred eighteen adults were identified with mean age 74.2 (
SD
, 11.7) years and 48.3% women. Overall age‐adjusted incidence of
AF
per 1000 person years was 1.11 (95%
CI
, 1.09–1.13) in 1998–2001, 1.33 (1.31–1.34) in 2002–2006, and 1.33 (1.31–1.35) in 2007–2010. Ongoing increases in incidence were noted for patients aged ≥75 years, with similar temporal patterns in women and men. Associated comorbidities varied over time, with a constant prevalence of previous stroke, increases in hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and decreases in ischemic heart disease. Among patients aged 55 to 74 years, there was a significant reduction in mortality over time (
P
<0.001), but mortality rates in patients aged ≥75 years remained static at 14% to 15% per year (
P
=0.84). Projections of
AF
prevalence demonstrated a constant yearly rise, increasing from 700 000 patients in 2010 to between 1.3 and 1.8 million patients with
AF
in the United Kingdom by 2060.
Conclusions
In a large general practice population, incident
AF
increased and then plateaued overall, with a continued increase in patients aged ≥75 years. The large projected increase in
AF
prevalence associated with temporal changes in
AF
‐related comorbidities suggests the need for comprehensive implementation of
AF
prevention and management strategies.
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Effectiveness and safety of self-managed oral anticoagulant therapy compared with direct oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation
Abstract We compared the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) vs patient self-managed warfarin therapy (PSM) in patients with atrial fibrillation. We linked prospectively registered data from university hospital clinics to nationwide Danish health registries. Primary effectiveness and safety outcomes were ischaemic stroke (incl. systemic embolism) and major bleeding. All-cause mortality and all-cause stroke were secondary outcomes. An inverse probability of treatment propensity-weighted approach was applied to adjust for potential confounding. The study cohorts included 534 patients treated with PSM and 2,671 patients treated with DOAC. Weighted rates of ischaemic stroke were 0.46 and 1.30 percent per year with PSM vs DOAC, hazard ratio (HR) 0.27 (95% confidence interval 0.11–0.68) with 2.5 years follow-up. Rates of major bleeding were 2.32 and 2.13 percent per year (HR 1.06 [0.69–1.63]). All-cause mortality was not statistically different (HR 0.67 [0.39–1.17]), whereas the incidence of all-cause stroke was significantly lower among patients treated with PSM with rates of 0.61 vs 1.45 percent per year (HR 0.36 [0.16–0.78]). In patients with atrial fibrillation, self-managed oral anticoagulant treatment was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause and ischaemic stroke compared to treatment with DOAC, whereas no significant differences were observed for major bleeding and mortality
Similarities and differences in systemic risk factors for retinal artery occlusion and stroke:A nationwide case-control study
BackgroundRetinal artery occlusion (RAO) has been considered a stroke equivalent. This study compares risk factor profiles for thromboembolism among patients with RAO and stroke, respectively.MethodsThis case-control study is based on 5683 RAO patients entered in the Danish National Patient Register between 1st of January 2000 and 31st of December 2018. Cases were matched on sex, year of birth, and age at event with 28,415 stroke patients. The Danish nationwide registries were used to collect information about age, sex, previous diagnoses, and drug prescriptions. Adjusted conditional logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between hypothesised risk factors and the patient outcome.ResultsFor atrial fibrillation, a substantially stronger association to stroke was found, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.47-0.58) when comparing RAO patients with stroke patients. RAO was stronger associated with arterial hypertension, peripheral artery disease, retinal vein occlusion, cataract, and glaucoma with OR's ranging from 1.21-11.70. The identified effect measures reached equivalence or was close to equivalence for diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and renal disease.ConclusionThe differences in risk factor profiles between RAO and stroke suggests differences in the pathophysiology of the two diseases. These variations in pathophysiologies between the two diseases may indicate that different interventions are needed to ensure the optimal long-term prognosis for the patients
Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation:propensity weighted nationwide cohort study
Objective To study the effectiveness and safety of the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (novel oral anticoagulants, NOACs) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban compared with warfarin in anticoagulant naïve patients with atrial fibrillation. Design Observational nationwide cohort study. Setting Three Danish nationwide databases, August 2011 to October 2015. Participants 61 678 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who were naïve to oral anticoagulants and had no previous indication for valvular atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism. The study population was distributed according to treatment type: warfarin (n=35 436, 57%), dabigatran 150 mg (n=12 701, 21%), rivaroxaban 20 mg (n=7192, 12%), and apixaban 5 mg (n=6349, 10%). Main outcome measures Effectiveness outcomes defined a priori were ischaemic stroke; a composite of ischaemic stroke or systemic embolism; death; and a composite of ischaemic stroke, systemic embolism, or death. Safety outcomes were any bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and major bleeding. Results When the analysis was restricted to ischaemic stroke, NOACs were not significantly different from warfarin. During one year follow-up, rivaroxaban was associated with lower annual rates of ischaemic stroke or systemic embolism (3.0% v 3.3%, respectively) compared with warfarin: hazard ratio 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.99). The hazard ratios for dabigatran and apixaban (2.8% and 4.9% annually, respectively) were non-significant compared with warfarin. The annual risk of death was significantly lower with apixaban (5.2%) and dabigatran (2.7%) (0.65, 0.56 to 0.75 and 0.63, 0.48 to 0.82, respectively) compared with warfarin (8.5%), but not with rivaroxaban (7.7%). For the combined endpoint of any bleeding, annual rates for apixaban (3.3%) and dabigatran (2.4%) were significantly lower than for warfarin (5.0%) (0.62, 0.51 to 0.74). Warfarin and rivaroxaban had comparable annual bleeding rates (5.3%). Conclusion All NOACs seem to be safe and effective alternatives to warfarin in a routine care setting. No significant difference was found between NOACs and warfarin for ischaemic stroke. The risks of death, any bleeding, or major bleeding were significantly lower for apixaban and dabigatran compared with warfarin
Effectiveness and safety of reduced dose non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation:propensity weighted nationwide cohort study
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