Isolation and extraction of glansreginin A from walnut meal and its effect on the proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells

Abstract Glansreginin A is an indicative component in walnut and is abundant in walnut meal. The aim of this study was to isolate and purify glansreginin A from the walnut meal, and to investigate the weight loss and lipid-lowering potential of glansreginin A by studying the effect of glansregin A on the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Firstly, the response surface methodology was used to effectively improve the extraction yield of glansreginin A. The maximum extraction rate of glansreginin A was 0.363%, and the optimal extraction process conditions were determined. In addition, the lipid-lowering activity of glansreginin A was investigated by cell experiments. The results showed that glansreginin A could inhibit the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. And cell cycle of different groups of cells treated with glansreginin A was also measured using flow cytometry. The results showed most of the cells were blocked in G0/G1 phase and significantly decreased in S phase. These results suggest that glansreginin A could inhibit the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by causing cell cycle arrest. These findings provided a theoretical basis for the future research of glansreginin A and the development of slimming and fat-reducing foods

The influence and application of SiC MOSFET driver modules in the contemporary power electronics industry

Technological progress has driven the rapid development of power electronics and enhanced the scale of the industry. SiC MOSFET devices have obvious advantages in applications such as high temperature resistance, high voltage resistance, and low switching loss. However, the different characteristics of such devices will bring related problems that seriously affect the reliability of the device and system. The drive circuit is effective in solving these problems with its small input resistance, parasitic inductance, and large enough drive voltage and current. Starting from the concept and related theoretical composition of SiC MOSFET driver module, this paper mainly analyses the impact of the driver module on the contemporary power electronics industry, and explains the application of the core research theory of the circuit to the industrial level. This paper also analyses the current situation of power electronics industry from the perspective of innovation theory, and looks forward to the prospect of power semiconductor devices

Integrated Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Long Noncoding RNA HOX Transcript Antisense Intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation by Regulating Opioid Growth Factor Receptor (OGFr)

Long noncoding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is involved in human tumorigenesis and is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HOTAIR functions in HCC are largely unknown. Here, we employed an integrated transcriptomic and quantitative proteomic analysis to systematically explore the regulatory role of HOTAIR in HCC. A total of 673 transcripts and 293 proteins were found to be dysregulated after HOTAIR inhibition. Bioinformatics studies indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) are involved in many biological processes, especially cancer-related signaling pathways. A set of DEGs and DEPs were validated by quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis, respectively. Further functional studies of the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr), a negative biological regulator of cell proliferation in HCC, revealed that HOTAIR exerts its effects on cell proliferation, at least in part, through the regulation of OGFr expression. By correlating the omics data with functional studies, the current results provide novel insights into the functional mechanisms of HOTAIR in HCC cells.</p

The circular RNA CDR1as regulate cell proliferation via TMED2 and TMED10

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (CircRNAs) are biologically active RNAs. CDR1as is one such circRNA previously reported to be a microRNA-7 (miR-7) sponge, thereby regulating associated gene expression. The specific underlying molecular mechanisms of CDR1as biology, however, remain largely unknown.MethodsWe performed CDR1as knockdown in order to explore its function in cell proliferation, migration, the cell cycle, and tumorigenesis. We further employed quantitative proteomic analyses and associated bioinformatics strategies to globally assess CDR1as-regulated proteins (CRPs). Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to validate the proteomic results. We additionally investigated a specific link between TMED2, TMED10, and miR-7 via a dual-luciferase reporter system, and generated CDR1as knockout cell lines via CRISPR/Cas9 editing.ResultsWe identified 353 proteins dysregulated upon CDR1as knockdown in 293?T cells. These CRPs were found to interact with one another and to play key roles in certain cellular pathways. Two such proteins, TMED2 and TMED10, were found to specifically contribute to the influence of CDR1as on cell proliferation. CDR1as may regulate these two TMED proteins through miR-7 sponging. We were able to further confirm these results using both CRISPRi cell lines and nude mouse models.ConclusionThis study suggested that CDR1as may regulate cell proliferation via serving as a miR-7 sponge, thereby regulating TMED2 and TMED10 expression. These results are an invaluable template for future streamlined studies of circRNAs

Conventional dendritic cell 2 links the genetic causal association from allergic asthma to COVID-19: a Mendelian randomization and transcriptomic study

Abstract Recent evidence suggests that allergic asthma (AA) decreases the risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the reasons remain unclear. Here, we systematically explored data from GWAS (18 cohorts with 11,071,744 samples), bulk transcriptomes (3 cohorts with 601 samples), and single-cell transcriptomes (2 cohorts with 29 samples) to reveal the immune mechanisms that connect AA and COVID-19. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis identified a negative causal correlation from AA to COVID-19 hospitalization (OR = 0.968, 95% CI 0.940–0.997, P = 0.031). This correlation was bridged through white cell count. Furthermore, machine learning identified dendritic cells (DCs) as the most discriminative immunocytes in AA and COVID-19. Among five DC subtypes, only conventional dendritic cell 2 (cDC2) exhibited differential expression between AA/COVID-19 and controls (P < 0.05). Subsequently, energy metabolism, intercellular communication, cellular stemness and differentiation, and molecular docking analyses were performed. cDC2s exhibited more differentiation, increased numbers, and enhanced activation in AA exacerbation, while they showed less differentiation, reduced number, and enhanced activation in severe COVID-19. The capacity of cDC2 for differentiation and SARS-CoV-2 antigen presentation may be enhanced through ZBTB46, EXOC4, TLR1, and TNFSF4 gene mutations in AA. Taken together, cDC2 links the genetic causality from AA to COVID-19. Future strategies for COVID-19 prevention, intervention, and treatment could be stratified according to AA and guided with DC-based therapies. Graphical Abstrac

Collagen IX gene polymorphisms and lumbar disc degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background An increasing number of studies have investigated associations between collagen IX alpha 2 chain (COL9A2) and collagen IX alpha 3 chain (COL9A3) gene polymorphisms and the risk of lumbar disc degeneration (LDD). However, these studies have yielded contradictory results. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the association between the collagen IX gene polymorphisms (rs12077871, rs12722877, rs7533552 in COL9A2; rs61734651 in COL9A3) and LDD. Methods All relevant articles were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The last electronic search was performed on September 1, 2017. The allele/genotype frequencies were extracted from each study. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength of associations under the five comparison genetic models. Statistical analysis was performed by Review Manager (RevMan) 5.31 software. Results The meta-analysis of 10 case-control studies, including 2102 LDD cases and 2507 controls, indicated that COL9A2 gene (rs12077871, rs12722877, rs7533552) and COL9A3 gene (rs61734651) polymorphisms were not associated with LDD (rs12077871: T vs. C, OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 0.87–3.91, P = 0.11; rs12722877: G vs. C, OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69–1.01, P = 0.06; rs7533552: G vs. A, OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.98–1.25, P = 0.09; rs61734651: T vs. C, OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 0.51–4.84, P = 0.43). The Egger text and the Begg funnel plot did not show any evidence of publication bias. Conclusion rs12077871, rs12722877, and rs7533552 variants in COL9A2 and rs61734651 variant in COL9A3 were not significantly associated with a predisposition to LDD. Large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this conclusion

Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Regulatory Networks of Circular RNA CDR1as in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of widespread endogenous RNAs, play crucial roles in diverse biological processes and are potential biomarkers in diverse human diseases and cancers. Cerebellar-degeneration-related protein 1 antisense RNA (CDR1as), an oncogenic circRNA, is involved in human tumorigenesis and is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CDR1as functions in HCC remain unclear. Here we explored the functions of CDR1as and searched for CDR1as-regulated proteins in HCC cells. A quantitative proteomics strategy was employed to globally identify CDR1as-regulated proteins in HCC cells. In total, we identified 330 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) upon enhanced CDR1as expression in HepG2 cells, indicating that they could be proteins regulated by CDR1as. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that many DEPs were involved in cell proliferation and the cell cycle. Further functional studies of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) found that CDR1as exerts its effects on cell proliferation at least in part through the regulation of EGFR expression. We further confirmed that CDR1as could inhibit the expression of microRNA-7 (miR-7). EGFR is a validated target of miR-7; therefore, CDR1as may exert its function by regulating EGFR expression via targeting miR-7 in HCC cells. Taken together, we revealed novel functions and underlying mechanisms of CDR1as in HCC cells. This study serves as the first proteome-wide analysis of a circRNA-regulated protein in cells and provides a reliable and highly efficient method for globally identifying circRNA-regulated proteins

Influence of Hydrogen Ions on the Performance of Thin-Film Transistors with Solution-Processed AlOx Gate Dielectrics

Over the past decade, there have been many reports on solution-processed oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) with high mobility (even &gt;100 cm2 V−1s−1). However, the capacitance uncertainty of the solution-processed oxide gate dielectrics leads to serious overestimation of the mobility. Here, solution-processed AlOx dielectrics are investigated systematically, and the effect of mobile ions on the frequency-dependent capacitance of the solution-processed AlOx dielectrics is also studied. It was found that the capacitance of the AlOx depends on the frequency seriously when the annealing temperature is lower than 300 °C, and the water treatment causes more seriously frequency-dependent capacitance. The strong frequency-dependent capacitance of the AlOx annealed at 250 or 300 °C is attributed to relaxation polarization of the weakly bound ions in the incompletely decomposed AlOx films. The water treatment introduces a large number of protons (H+) that would migrate to the ITO/AlOx interface under a certain electric field and form an electric double layer (EDL) that has ultrahigh capacitance at low frequency

Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Regulatory Networks of Circular RNA CDR1as in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of widespread endogenous RNAs, play crucial roles in diverse biological processes and are potential biomarkers in diverse human diseases and cancers. Cerebellar-degeneration-related protein 1 antisense RNA (CDR1as), an oncogenic circRNA, is involved in human tumorigenesis and is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CDR1as functions in HCC remain unclear. Here we explored the functions of CDR1as and searched for CDR1as-regulated proteins in HCC cells. A quantitative proteomics strategy was employed to globally identify CDR1as-regulated proteins in HCC cells. In total, we identified 330 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) upon enhanced CDR1as expression in HepG2 cells, indicating that they could be proteins regulated by CDR1as. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that many DEPs were involved in cell proliferation and the cell cycle. Further functional studies of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) found that CDR1as exerts its effects on cell proliferation at least in part through the regulation of EGFR expression. We further confirmed that CDR1as could inhibit the expression of microRNA-7 (miR-7). EGFR is a validated target of miR-7; therefore, CDR1as may exert its function by regulating EGFR expression via targeting miR-7 in HCC cells. Taken together, we revealed novel functions and underlying mechanisms of CDR1as in HCC cells. This study serves as the first proteome-wide analysis of a circRNA-regulated protein in cells and provides a reliable and highly efficient method for globally identifying circRNA-regulated proteins