Additional file 1 of Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study

Additional file 1. Supplementary File 1: In-depth interview Schedule

Additional file 3 of Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study

Additional file 3. Supplementary File 3: Questionnaire: Perception of study participants regarding involvement of “Tobacco industry role players” in various identified themes. Instruction: Prioritize (1 to 17) the role players of tobacco industry under each theme of industry’s interferences. Rank the role players from 1 to 17 such that 1 represents least involvement and 17 correspond to most involvement under a particular theme of TII

Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study

Background: The Tobacco Industry (henceforth TI) yearns to portray itself as being “socially responsible” and fights for the decision-making positions; that are it used to deter, delay or dilute tobacco control measures. There is little documented evidence of Tobacco Industry Interference (henceforth TII) from India, the scope of their interference and challenges faced by the experts for effective tobacco control. This research study seeks to cover this significant gap in the literature on the TI of India. Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative research design, based upon in-depth interviews (N = 26), was used to explore the key stakeholders’ opinions regarding TII in India. The interviews used a set of questions to collect information about the participant’s roles and responsibilities in tobacco control, the nature of TII faced by the participants, means of influence by TI, barriers and challenges to tobacco control efforts. Results: Most of the respondents were engaged in tobacco control, training, advocacy and awareness generation activities for 5–10 years or more. The respondents defined the TI and its scope as per their experience with the help of the power ranking methodology. Most of them perceived TI as ‘manufacturers’ while others consider them as ‘advertisers’, ‘public relation companies’, ‘wholesalers’, ‘vendors’, and ‘Government firms with TI stocks. The research team identified six significant domains: influencing the policy and administrative decisions, Interference in the implementation of tobacco control laws and activities, false propaganda and hiding the truth, manipulating front action groups (FAG), rampant tobacco advertising and promotion activities and others under which TII activities were classified. Most respondents believed that TI players were interfering in the policy decisions, implementing the tobacco control laws and activities and manipulating the FAG. A detailed taxonomic classification of the TII strategies that emerged from our analysis was linked to article 5.3 of FCTC Conclusions: The study documented a significant level of TII in different domains, with stakeholders acting at various hierarchical levels. Thus providing insight into the tactics of the TI in order to enable stakeholders to anticipate and pre-empt the kinds of alliances the TI may attempt to build; stimulating academicians and researchers to undertake in-depth analysis into various strategies and therefore underscoring the need to ensuring transparency in official interaction with the TI and its representatives

Additional file 2 of Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study

Additional file 2. Supplementary File 2: Ranking Sheet: Perception of study participants regarding Tobacco Industry using ‘Power Ranking Methodology’

Supplementary Data_Cabergoline in CD_JCEM.docx

Supplementary data for the manuscript of the article : " Effect of Cabergoline monotherapy in Cushing’s disease: a meta-analysis.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjunct to the standard wound care for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers in Indian patients: a cost utility analysis

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common complication of diabetes. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an adjunct treatment that expedites the healing of DFU. To evaluate the cost-utility of using standard wound care (SWC) plus HBOT as compared to SWC alone for the treatment of DFU from a societal perspective in the Indian context. A Markov decision analysis model comparing SWC with and without HBOT was developed. Data for the model were derived from relevant literature and secondary data from India. The main outcome measures were minor and major lower extremity amputations (LEA) averted, incremental quality-adjusted-life-years (QALY) gained, incremental costs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per amputation averted and ICER per QALY gained. Sensitivity and threshold analyses were also done. HBOT, when added to SWC, lowered the proportion of minor LEA and major LEA among patients with DFU by 6.1% and 4.2%, respectively. The discounted ICER was INR 193,939 [95% CI: 186,745–203,753] or US$ 2,621 [95% CI: 2,524–2,753] per QALY gained. SWC plus HBOT is not cost-effective in India. Additional information is required on patient experiences with adjunctive HBOT, if it were to be adopted as the standard of care in India.</p

Evidence on article 5.3 of FCTC (tobacco industry interference in tobacco control activities) in India- a qualitative scoping study

Background: The Tobacco Industry (henceforth TI) yearns to portray itself as being “socially responsible” and fights for the decision-making positions; that are it used to deter, delay or dilute tobacco control measures. There is little documented evidence of Tobacco Industry Interference (henceforth TII) from India, the scope of their interference and challenges faced by the experts for effective tobacco control. This research study seeks to cover this significant gap in the literature on the TI of India. Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative research design, based upon in-depth interviews (N = 26), was used to explore the key stakeholders’ opinions regarding TII in India. The interviews used a set of questions to collect information about the participant’s roles and responsibilities in tobacco control, the nature of TII faced by the participants, means of influence by TI, barriers and challenges to tobacco control efforts. Results: Most of the respondents were engaged in tobacco control, training, advocacy and awareness generation activities for 5–10 years or more. The respondents defined the TI and its scope as per their experience with the help of the power ranking methodology. Most of them perceived TI as ‘manufacturers’ while others consider them as ‘advertisers’, ‘public relation companies’, ‘wholesalers’, ‘vendors’, and ‘Government firms with TI stocks. The research team identified six significant domains: influencing the policy and administrative decisions, Interference in the implementation of tobacco control laws and activities, false propaganda and hiding the truth, manipulating front action groups (FAG), rampant tobacco advertising and promotion activities and others under which TII activities were classified. Most respondents believed that TI players were interfering in the policy decisions, implementing the tobacco control laws and activities and manipulating the FAG. A detailed taxonomic classification of the TII strategies that emerged from our analysis was linked to article 5.3 of FCTC Conclusions: The study documented a significant level of TII in different domains, with stakeholders acting at various hierarchical levels. Thus providing insight into the tactics of the TI in order to enable stakeholders to anticipate and pre-empt the kinds of alliances the TI may attempt to build; stimulating academicians and researchers to undertake in-depth analysis into various strategies and therefore underscoring the need to ensuring transparency in official interaction with the TI and its representatives

CVD risk assessment strategies (two-stage and single-stage screening).

* Risk factors screening done as per WHO STEPS guidelines for NCR risk factors assessment.</p

Base case results of the model when considering the effect size of HEARTS intervention as 0.6 in CVD screening strategies (N = 100).

Base case results of the model when considering the effect size of HEARTS intervention as 0.6 in CVD screening strategies (N = 100).</p

Fig 2 -

Schematic representation of Decision tree (a) and Markov model (b).</p