The Age Distribution of Stars in the Milky Way Bulge

The age and chemical characteristics of the Galactic bulge link to the formation and evolutionary history of the Galaxy. Data-driven methods and large surveys enable stellar ages and precision chemical abundances to be determined for vast regions of the Milky Way, including the bulge. Here, we use the data-driven approach of The Cannon, to infer the ages and abundances for 125,367 stars in the Milky Way, using spectra from Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) DR14. We examine the ages and metallicities of 1654 bulge stars within R_(GAL) < 3.5 kpc. We focus on fields with b < 12°, and out to longitudes of l < 15°. We see that stars in the bulge are about twice as old (τ = 8 Gyr), on average, compared to those in the solar neighborhood (τ = 4 Gyr), with a larger dispersion in [Fe/H] (≈0.38 compared to 0.23 dex). This age gradient comes primarily from the low-α stars. Looking along the Galactic plane, the very central field in the bulge shows by far the largest dispersion in [Fe/H] (σ_([Fe/H]) ≈ 0.4 dex) and line-of-sight velocity (σ_(vr) ≈ 90 km s⁻¹), and simultaneously the smallest dispersion in age. Moving out in longitude, the stars become kinematically colder and less dispersed in [Fe/H], but show a much broader range of ages. We see a signature of the X-shape within the bulge at a latitude of b = 8°, but not at b = 12°. Future APOGEE and other survey data, with larger sampling, affords the opportunity to extend our approach and study in more detail, to place stronger constraints on models of the Milky Way

Sox10 regulates enteric neural crest cell migration in the developing gut

Concurrent Sessions 1: 1.3 - Organs to organisms: Models of Human Diseases: abstract no. 1417th ISDB 2013 cum 72nd Annual Meeting of the Society for Developmental Biology, VII Latin American Society of Developmental Biology Meeting and XI Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Biologia del Desarrollo. The Conference's web site is located at http://www.inb.unam.mx/isdb/Sox10 is a HMG-domain containing transcription factor which plays important roles in neural crest cell survival and differentiation. Mutations of Sox10 have been identified in patients with Waardenburg-Hirschsprung syndrome, who suffer from deafness, pigmentation defects and intestinal aganglionosis. Enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) with Sox10 mutation undergo premature differentiation and fail to colonize the distal hindgut. It is unclear, however, whether Sox10 plays a role in the migration of ENCCs. To visualize the migration behaviour of mutant ENCCs, we generated a Sox10NGFP mouse model where EGFP is fused to the N-terminal domain of Sox10. Using time-lapse imaging, we found that ENCCs in Sox10NGFP/+ mutants displays lower migration speed and altered trajectories compared to normal controls. This behaviour was cell-autonomous, as shown by organotypic grafting of Sox10NGFP/+ gut segments onto control guts and vice versa. ENCCs encounter different extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules along the developing gut. We performed gut explant culture on various ECM and found that Sox10NGFP/+ ENCCs tend to form aggregates, particularly on fibronectin. Time-lapse imaging of single cells in gut explant culture indicated that the tightly-packed Sox10 mutant cells failed to exhibit contact inhibition of locomotion. We determined the expression of adhesion molecule families by qPCR analysis, and found integrin expression unaffected while L1-cam and selected cadherins were altered, suggesting that Sox10 mutation affects cell adhesion properties of ENCCs. Our findings identify a de novo role of Sox10 in regulating the migration behaviour of ENCCs, which has important implications for the treatment of Hirschsprung disease.postprin

Framing scholars’ perspectives of practices to address breaches of academic integrity in the Muslim world

Although previous work explained internal and external cultural challenges impacting academic integrity in the Muslim world, to date, no study has specifically examined the attempts and practices by the universities to address these challenges. The objective of this paper was to understand the actions taken by academics and institutions in the Muslim world to address, prevent breaches of academic integrity, and to recommend improvement of these practices. To capture institutional efforts and practices, relevant literature from 2010 to 2021 was reviewed to gather evidence of practices of academic integrity in higher education in the Muslim world. The findings suggest a framework that can be used for evaluation of current practices of academic integrity in the Muslim world, to go beyond plagiarism-focussed prevention, detection, and punishments

Macronutrient status and yield stability of arecanut (Kahikuchi) under integrated nutrient management practice in Assam

A long term field   experiment was carried out in clay-loam soil at ICAR-CPCRI, Kahikuchi campus,   Guwahati, Assam during 2000-2012 with arecanut variety Kahikuchi with seven   nutrient combinations. The treatments included control (T1), 100 per cent   vermicompost (T2), 200 per cent vermicompost (T3), 100 per cent chemical   fertilizer (T4), 50 per cent vermicompost + 50 per cent chemical fertilizer   (T5), 1/3rd vermicompost + 2/3rd chemical fertilizer   (T6) and 2/3rd vermicompost + 1/3rd chemical fertilizer   (T7). The treatment T7 produced highest fresh ripened arecanut yield of 16.7   kg i.e., about 3.6 kg dry chali per palm. Positive correlations were   obtained between yield of arecanut and soil available N, P, K content.   Significant and positive correlation was found between leaf N, P, K and   available N, P, K content in surface and sub-surface soil. Available N, P and   K content increased over the year under nutrient applied plot that reflected   in yield of arecanut. The average yield in various treatments followed in the   order of T7 &gt; T5 = T6 &gt; T2 = T3 &gt; T4 &gt; T1. The application of   targeted, sufficient and balanced quantities of organic and inorganic   fertilizer will be the need of the hour to make nutrients available for   higher yield, soil fertility maintenance and agricultural sustainability   without polluting environment

Assessment of measures of physical activity of children with cerebral palsy at home and school: a pilot study

ABSTRACTHome and school are important settings where children can accrue health promoting physical activity (PA). Little&nbsp;is known about the PA levels and associated environmental characteristics at home and school in children with&nbsp;cerebral palsy (CP). An observational tool - Behaviors of Eating and Activity for Children&rsquo;s Health Evaluation System&nbsp;(BEACHES) - offers potential for providing information.Objective: To validate BEACHES against Actigraph accelerometer and to document PA of children with CP at&nbsp;a special residential school facility for children with physical disabilities.Methods: Five children with CP (2 girls, 3 boys; aged 9.82 &plusmn; 2.39 years) in Level I of the Gross Motor Function&nbsp;Classification System (GMFCS) participated. PA monitoring was conducted once a week during four consecutive&nbsp;weeks at morning recess at school and during after school hours at the children&rsquo;s residence. Estimates of time&nbsp;spent being sedentary and being active were derived from the Actigraph and compared to estimates obtained with&nbsp;BEACHES.Results: Children&rsquo;s PA observed using BEACHES was comparable to the Actigraph estimations. In general,&nbsp;children were more active at recess than after school and the physical locations assessed by BEACHES were&nbsp;associated with objectively measured PA time.Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that BEACHES appears to be a suitable measure of PA for children with&nbsp;CP in both home and school settings. Additional study with a larger and more diverse sample is recommended to&nbsp;verify the results.</div

Reliability and validity of the IPAQ-L in a sample of Hong Kong Urban older adults: does neighborhood of residence matter?

This study examined reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Long Form (IPAQ-LC) in Chinese seniors, including moderating effects of neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic status (SES) on reliability and validity. The IPAQ-LC was interviewer-administered (n = 96), accelerometer and 7-day walk-diary data were collected (n = 94), and the IPAC-LC was readministered (N = 92). Acceptable reliability was found for all measures of physical activity (PA) overall and across different types of neighborhood. Participants from highly walkable neighborhoods were more reliable at estimating walking for transport. Participants from low-SES areas were less reliable at estimating leisure-time PA and sitting but more reliable at estimating transport-related walking. IPAQ-LC walking was significantly related to light- but not moderate-intensity accelerometry-based PA. It was moderately to strongly related to a 7-day diary of walking. The data imply slow-paced walking, probably due to age, climate, and terrain. The findings suggest that the IPAQ-LC’s reliability and validity are acceptable in Chinese seniors

Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Ibu dan Usia Awal Pemberian MP ASI Dengan Lama Kejadian Diare Pada Bayi Usia 8-12 Bulan di Puskesmas Colomadu 1 Karanganyar

Pendahuluan : Diare pada usia 6-24 bulanmempunyai pengaruh yang buruk terhadap pertumbuhan bayi sehingga dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya malnutrisi. Kejadian diare pada kelompok umur balita di Jawa tengah sebanyak 5,4%.Prevalensi kejadian diare pada bayi 0-11 bulan di Puskesmas Colomadu 1 Kabupaten Karanganyar dari bulan Oktober 2014-Januari 2015 sebanyak 32%. Tujuan : penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang diaredan usia awal pemberian MP ASI dengan kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2015, di posyandu wilayah Colomadu 1. Total sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak40 responden yang diambil dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner pengetahuan, formulir pemberian MP ASI dan formulir kejadian diare. Teknik analisis uji adalah Spearman’s. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini tidak adahubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang diare dengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan (p=0,233) dan ada hubungan antara usia awal pemberian MP ASIdengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan (p=0,042). Kesimpulan : tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang diare dengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan dan ada hubungan antara usia awal pemberian MP ASIdengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar tenaga kesehatan lebih meningkatkan pengawasan dan pendampingan praktek makanan pendamping ASI di masyarakat

Pendidikan Gizi Dengan Media Poster Dan Pengetahuan Makanan Jajanan Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri 02 Banaran Grogol Sukoharjo

Introduction: Food snacks offered are not necessarily healthy. Education on nutrition given to elementary school children aims to provide knowledge of which foods have nutritional value that will affect the physical and spiritual development of children. Objective: To know the description of nutritional education to the knowledge of snack food by using poster media on the students of Elementary School of State 02 Banaran Grogol Sukoharjo. Research Method: This research is a type of experimental research that tries to see the difference of knowledge of children before and after getting education using poster media. This research is an observational research with cross section approach. Results: There is a difference in the level of students' knowledge before nutrition education with poster media. The result of the analysis showed that before the counseling there were only 35 students (52.23%) who had good knowledge, changed to 43 students (64.18%) possess good knowledge. Conclusion: The research that has been done can be concluded that nutrition education and counseling about the knowledge of snack food by using poster media on elementary school children of State 02 Banaran Grogol Sukoharjo