CASE SERIES: ANTITUBERCULAR THERAPY-INDUCED HEPATITIS

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) accounts for 20–40% of cases of fulminant hepatic failure. Antitubercular therapy (ATT) may cause hepatotoxicity which can range from transient asymptomatic rise in liver enzymes to acute liver failure. The drugs in ATT responsible for hepatotoxicity include isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. Case series was done to present three different cases of ATT-induced hepatotoxicity which came to the Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department in NIMS for management

Effect of agomelatine on psychomotor function tests in healthy human volunteers

Background: Agomelatine is a melatonergic agonist that acts specifically on MT1/MT2 melatonergic receptors and 5-HT2C antagonism. The present study was taken up to evaluate the effect of Agomelatine 25mg on psychomotor function in healthy human volunteers.Methods: The effect of Agomelatine was studied in 12 healthy volunteers of either gender. The study was a randomised, cross over, placebo controlled study, done after obtaining permission from NIMS Institutional Ethics Committee and informed consent taken from all the subjects, after briefly explaining the study procedure and training them adequately. Psychomotor function was assessed using Choice reaction time (CRT), Critical Flicker fusion test (CFFT), Digit letter substitution test (DLST), Six letter cancellation test (SLCT), Card sorting test (CST) and Visual analog scale (VAS). Psychomotor function tests were performed, 90 minutes after administering Agomelatine 25 mg or placebo. Washout period of seven days was allowed between the cross over. Statistical analysis was done by comparing groups using unpaired t test.Results: There was significant decrease in the mean percentage of time (p<0.01) in CRT in Agomelatine group (20.09±9.47%) when compared to placebo (10.48±3.68%). Improved mean percentage of performance was seen in CFFT with Agomelatine (6.2±2.1%) compared to placebo (9.11±2.99%). No significant difference was noted in the performance of DLST, SLCT and CST. Drug was subjectively rated as sedative on VAS.Conclusions: There is no significant effect of Agomelatine on psychomotor performance. CNS processing of information also improved. Agomelatine can thus be safely administered to depressed patients

Wound healing activity of topical phenytoin in excision wound model of Albino rats

Background: Wound healing is a major medical entity. Phenytoin being an anticonvulsant drug has shown promising results in healing chronic wounds. In the present study we have evaluated the effect of topical Phenytoin on excision wound models of albino rats.Methods: Phenytoin ointment of 1%, 5% and 10% were used topically on experimental animals. Neomycin used as reference standard. In Excision wound model period of epithelialization, area of wound and hydroxyproline content were evaluated.Results: Phenytoin 1%, 5% and 10% have shown significant (P<0.001) wound healing property compared to control and Neomycin. Phenytoin hastened the wound healing compared to control and neomycin and increased hydroxyproline content of wound. Phenytoin 5% has better wound healing property compared to 1% and 10%.Conclusions: The present study has shown that Phenytoin reduces time for wound healing and improved the quality of healing tissue which provides rationale for use in chronic wound in clinical setting

Efficient Mining of Sequential Patterns in a Sequence Database with Weight Constraint

Sequence pattern mining is one of the essential data mining tasks with broad applications. Many sequence mining algorithms have been developed to find a set of frequent sub-sequences satisfying the support threshold in a sequence database. The main problem in most of these algorithms is they generate huge number of sequential patterns when the support threshold is low and all the sequence patterns are treated uniformly while real sequential patterns have different importance. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which aims to find more interesting sequential patterns, considering the different significance of each data element in a sequence database. Unlike the conventional weighted sequential pattern mining, where the weights of items are preassigned according to the priority or importance, in our approach the weights are set according to the real data and during the mining process not only the supports but also weights of patterns are considered. The experimental results show that the algorithm is efficient and effective in generating more interesting patterns

EFFECT OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA AND SYZYGIUM CUMINI EXTRACT ON SERUM ELECTROLYTES IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Objective: Diabetes is a group of disorders characterized by high blood glucose levels. Disturbances in serum electrolytes like sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) are found in diabetes. The purpose of the study was to investigate the disturbances in concentrations of serum electrolytes in hyperglycemic crisis and the effect of syzygium cumini and momordica charantia standardized aqueous extracts on serum electrolytes (Na+and K+) in normal and diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes is induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg b. w in rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (normal control, disease control, metformin, test 1 and test 2). In test groups 1 and 2, SASESC (standardized aqueous seed extract of syzygium cumini) and SAFEMC (standardized aqueous fruit extract of momordica charantia) were respectively administered orally to alloxan induced diabetic rats, and their serum electrolyte levels were observed at 1st, 4th, 7th and 14th days.Results: By the 14thday, the Na+ and K+ levels in groups 4 and 5 were almost normal. However, in group 3 (standard), Na+levels were relatively lower and K+ levels were relatively higher than groups 4 and 5 (test). In group 2 (disease control) as compared to group 1 (normal control), a decrease in Na+ and increase in K+ levels was observed even on day 14.Conclusion: Treatment with anti diabetic drugs like metformin, syzygium cumini (test-1), momordica charantia (test-2) restored the electrolyte levels almost back to normal over a period of study (14 d). There was significant (**P&lt;0.01, *P&lt;0.05) normalization of electrolyte levels in diabetic rats. It was concluded that syzygium cumini and momordica charantia showed better efficiency in restoring the electrolyte imbalance as compared to metformin during our study

A survey on detecting financial fraud with anomaly feature detection

Trading/transaction arrange uncovers the cooperation among substances and therefore abnormality identification on exchanging systems can uncover the elements associated with the fraud movement; while highlights of elements are the portrayal of elements and irregularity location on highlights can reflect subtleties of the fraud exercises. In this way, system and highlights give integral data to fraud discovery, which can possibly improve fraud identification execution. Be that as it may, most of existing strategies center on systems or highlights data independently, which doesn't use both data. In this, we propose a novel fraud recognition structure, CoDetect, which can use both system data and highlight data for money related fraud location. What's more, CoDetect can all the while distinguishing money related fraud exercises and the element designs related with the fraud exercises

Risk factors and perinatal outcome associated with low birth weight in a prospective cohort: is there a shift towards sustainable developmental goal 3

Background: Low birth weight is a socio, economic, cultural and community based health issue which reflects responsibility and commitment of local and national administrative authorities. It continues to be a cause of short and long term adverse perinatal outcome with a bearing on adult non communicable health risks.Methods: This is a prospective observational and analytic study to know the prevalence, risk factors and perinatal outcome of LBW, from July 2017 to December 2018 in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MIMS Medical College, Andhra Pradesh, India. Maternal risk factors and outcomes associated with LBW were defined through risk ratios.Results: 721 infants including 116 LBW and 605 NBW born during study period were included in the study. Prevalence of LBW was 16%. Preterm birth accounted for 35%, FGR for 13.8% and SGA for 51.2% of them. Maternal factors like age 35years, social status II to IV, below higher secondary education, house maker, primi gravida, grand multi para, BMI 24.9kg/M2, Hb<11 gm% were having higher RR for LBW. LBW infants showed frequent association with oligo or polyhydramnious and hemorrhagic or turbid amniotic fluid. They had higher risks for non reassuring fetal heart rate changes, for induced delivery or an elective caesarean section. More often they needed NICU care for longer duration and showed a higher risk for malformations and neonatal mortality. Overall perinatal mortality was 5.54 per 1000 live birth.Conclusions: LBW is a risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality; which can be minimised by institutional delivery. High prevalence PTB (35%) warrants obstetricians to be more vigilant about indentifying the risk factors and adequate management planning. Constitutionally small baby at birth probably needs redefining normal birth weight for different ethnicity

GBJOF: Gradient Boosting Integrated with Jaya Algorithm to Optimize the Features in Malware Analysis

Malware analysis is used to identify suspicious file transferring in the network. It can be identified efficiently by using the reverse engineering hybrid approach. Implementing a hybrid approach depends on the feature selection because the dataset contains static and dynamic parameters. The given dataset contains 85 attributes with 10 different class labels. Since it has high dimensional and multi-classification data, existing approaches of ML could be more efficient in reducing the features. The model combines the enhanced JAYA genetic algorithm with a gradient boosting technique to identify the efficiency and a smaller number of features. Many existing approaches for feature selection either implement correlation analysis or wrapper techniques. The major disadvantages of these issues are that they are facing fitting problems with a very small number of features. With the Usage of the genetic approach, this paper has achieved 95% accuracy with 12 features, approximately 7% greater than ML approaches

A new distributed storage evaluating with irrefutable outsourcing of key upgrades

In this worldview, key updates can be securely redistributed to some approved gathering, and along these lines the key-refresh trouble on the customer will be kept negligible. In particular, we use the third party auditor (TPA) in many existing open evaluating structures, let it assume the job of approved gathering for our situation, and make it accountable for both the capacity reviewing and the protected key updates for key-introduction obstruction. In our structure, TPA just needs to hold a scrambled variant of the customer's secret key, while doing all these oppressive errands in the interest of the customer. The customer just needs to download the scrambled secret key from the TPA while transferring new documents to cloud. Plus, our structure additionally outfits the customer with ability to additionally confirm the legitimacy of the scrambled secret keys given by TPA

Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Polymorphism and Epigenetic Influence among the South Indian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The present study was carried out to assess the role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and X chromosome inactivation (XCI) pattern among Indian PCOS women and controls which has not been hitherto explored and also to test the hypothesis that shorter CAG alleles would be preferentially activated in PCOS. CAG repeat polymorphism and X chromosome methylation patterns were compared between PCOS and non-PCOS women. 250 PCOS women and 299 controls were included for this study. Androgen receptor CAG repeat sizes, XCI percentages, and clinical and biochemical parameters were measured. The mean CAG repeat number is similar between the cases (18.74±0.13) and controls (18.73±0.12). The obese PCOS women were significantly more frequent in the <18 and >20 CAG repeat category than the lean PCOS women, yielding a highly significant odds (p = 0.001). Among the women with non-random X-inactivation, alleles with <19 repeats were more frequently activated among cases than controls (p = 0.33). CAG repeat polymorphism by itself cannot be considered as a useful marker for discriminating PCOS. We observed a trend of preferential activation of the shorter allele among the PCOS cases with non random XCI pattern. In the obese PCOS women, this microsatellite variation may account for the hyperandrogenicity to a larger extent than the lean PCOS women