Analisis Faktor Resiko Kejadian Filariasis Di Provinsi Sumatera Utara (Analisis Data Riskesdas 2018)

Provinsi Sumatera Utara menjadi salah satu wilayah endemis filariasis dengan total jumlah kasus yang tercatat sepanjang tahun 2012-2017 sebanyak 152 kasus yang dikonversikan sebesar 1,10 per 100.000 penduduk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian filariasis di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjut data Riskesdas 2018 yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Juli 2021. Lokasi penelitian ini yaitu provinsi Sumatera utara. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh individu di Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang tercatat dalam Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) sebanyak 68.835. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini telah melalui proses cleaning data dan diperoleh sebanyak 59.210 sampel. Teknik analisis data ini menggunakan analisis univariat deskriptif dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kejadian filariasis di Provinsi Sumatera Utara sebanyak 623 (1,1%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara status bekerja (P-value=0,029; 95% CI= 0,715-0,983), status wilayah tempat tinggal (P- value=0,002; 95% CI= 1,101-1,524), Penggunaan Obat (P-value=0,007; 95% CI= 0,684-0,956), Kasa Nyamuk Pada Ventilasi Rumah (P-value=0,047; 95% CI= 0,667-0,998), dan konsumsi obat filariasis (P-value=0,000; 95% CI= 2,331-3,302) dengan kejadian filariasis. Diharapkan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera utara koordinasi dengan dinas kesehatan kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara untuk memaksimalkan konsumsi obat filariasis sebagai upaya pencegahan kejadian filariasis terutama di daerah endemis filariasis

Factores de riesgo de obesidad entre las y los adolescentes durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en la provincia de Sumatra del Norte, Indonesia

Objectives : The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in low levels of physical activity in adolescents and an increase in diet and frequency of irregular eating in adolescents due to the social restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design : This research was conducted using a quantitative analytic approach with a cross-sectional study design. Participant : This study population were all adolescents aged 15-23 years at junior high school, high school, vocational high school, and university. The sample in this study were 127 adolescents. Data collection uses primary data online (Google form). The research instrument used the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) questionnaire and the FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) questionnaire instrument. The data analysis of this study used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. Result : The study results had a significant relationship between the history of obesity and the incidence of obesity. In adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.000; PR = 3,930), there was a significant relationship between carbohydrate consumption patterns and the incidence of obesity in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.005; PR = 1.423), there was a significant relationship There is a significant difference between the pattern of consumption of vegetable protein and the incidence of obesity in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.043; PR = 2.305), there is a significant relationship between the pattern of consumption of animal protein and the incidence of obesity in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.031; PR = 2.287), and there is a significant relationship between the pattern of fast food consumption and the incidence of obesity in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.01 8; PR = 1.575). Conclusion : This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between a history of obesity and the incidence of obesity in adolescents, there is a significant relationship between patterns of carbohydrate consumption, there is a significant relationship between patterns of consumption of vegetable protein, there is a significant relationship between patterns of animal protein, there is a significant relationship between fast food consumption patterns on the incidence of obesity in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Objetivos: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha disminuido el nivel de actividad física en la población adolescente y también ha afectado su dieta, en particular, la frecuencia de las comidas irregulares, debido a las restricciones sociales. Métodos: Esta investigación se llevó a cabo mediante un enfoque analítico cuantitativo con un diseño de estudio transversal. La población de este estudio fue la adolescente, entre 15 y 23 años de edad, de escuela secundaria, bachillerato, escuela de formación profesional y universidad. Para este estudio se muestrearon 127 adolescentes. La obtención de datos primarios se hizo en línea (formulario de Google). El instrumento de investigación que se utilizó es el cuestionario GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) y el instrumento del cuestionario FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire). El procesamiento de datos para este estudio se hizo mediante el análisis univariante y el análisis bivariante, mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Resultado : Los resultados verifican una relación significativa entre antecedentes de obesidad y la incidencia de la misma. Entre  adolescentes, durante la pandemia COVID-19 (p = 0.000; PR = 3.930), se observó una relación significativa entre ciertos  patrones de consumo de carbohidratos y la incidencia de obesidad durante la pandemia COVID-19 (p = 0.005; PR = 1.423). Hay una diferencia significativa entre un patrón de consumo de proteínas vegetales y la incidencia de obesidad entre adolescentes durante la pandemia COVID-19 (p = 0.043; PR = 2.305), existe una relación significativa entre un patrón de consumo de proteína animal y la incidencia de obesidad entre adolescentes (p = 0.031; PR = 2.287), y finalmente, existe una relación significativa entre un patrón de consumo de comida rápida y la incidencia de obesidad (p = 0.01 8; PR = 1.575). Conclusión : Este estudio concluye que existe una relación significativa entre los antecedentes de obesidad y la incidencia de obesidad en adolescentes, que existe una relación significativa entre patrones de consumo de hidratos de carbono, patrones de consumo de proteína vegetal, de proteína animal y de comida rápida con la incidencia de obesidad entre adolescentes durante la pandemia COVID-19.  Palabras clave: Obesidad, adolescencia, actividad física, dieta, COVID-19

DIFFERENCES IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL OF H5N1, COVID-19 AND OTHER GLOBAL ZOONOSIS FLU

Human avian influenza has caused serious outbreaks in several countries, especially in Asia, one of which is Indonesia. Human avian influenza has become an important public health problem because of the high mortality rates and because of the possibility of causing a global pandemic. The source of the virus is thought to come from bird migration and transport of infected birds. Laboratory tests can be done by examining leukocytes, platelets in suspected cases. Clinically suspicious of AI testing can be done simultaneously, which is taking blood for serology, throat swabs, nasopharynx, and oropharynx for RT-PCR examination and viral culture gold test as confirmation. Until now it is known that there have been five zoonotic flu diseases that cause a global pandemic and have taken many casualties in the world including SARS, MERS, H1N1, H5N1, and new diseases namely COVID-19. The method to be used for this review is literature study. The data obtained were compiled, analyzed, and concluded in order to get conclusions about the literature study. The five zoonotic flu diseases have differences from one another. So the classification of differences between H5N1 with each of the zoonotic flu diseases above needs to be done