(SNP115) Nettie Sirbaugh, et al interviewed by Dorothy Noble Smith, transcribed by Peggy C. Bradley

Records an interview with Nettie Sirbaugh, (née Schafftnaker), her son, Clarence W. Sirbaugh, his wife, Beulah C. Sirbaugh, (née Thomas), and Beulah\u27s cousin, Vallie Cave, (née Thomas). Describes daily life in the mountains, touching on the work of growing and preserving food, raising livestock, holidays, funerals, chestnut harvests, bark peeling, and other local economic activities. Mr. Sirbaugh discusses the local tanbark industry, which was a major source of income for many mountain families. Additional interviews with Beulah Sirbaugh and Vallie Cave are available in SdArch no. SNP-2, and SNP-26.https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/snp/1095/thumbnail.jp

From A Systematic Investigation of Faculty-Produced Think-Pair-Share Questions to Frameworks for Characterizing and Developing Fluency-Inspiring Activities

Our investigation of 353 faculty-produced multiple-choice Think-Pair-Share questions leads to key insights into faculty members' ideas about the discipline representations and intellectual tasks that could engage learners on key topics in physics and astronomy. The results of this work illustrate that, for many topics, there is a lack of variety in the representations featured, intellectual tasks posed, and levels of complexity fostered by the questions faculty develop. These efforts motivated and informed the development of two frameworks: (1) a curriculum characterization framework that allows us to systematically code active learning strategies in terms of the discipline representations, intellectual tasks, and reasoning complexity that an activity offers the learner; and (2) a curriculum development framework that guides the development of activities deliberately focused on increasing learners' discipline fluency. We analyze the faculty-produced Think-Pair-Share questions with our curriculum characterization framework, then apply our curriculum development framework to generate (1) Fluency-Inspiring Questions, a more pedagogically powerful extension of a well-established instructional strategy, and (2) Student Representation Tasks, a brand new type of instructional activity in astronomy that shifts the responsibility for generating appropriate representations onto the learners. We explicitly unpack and provide examples of Fluency-Inspiring Questions and Student Representation Tasks, detailing their usage of Pedagogical Discipline Representations coupled with novel question and activity formats.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, accepted to "Physical Review Physics Education Research Focused Collection Curriculum Development: Theory into Design

Navier-Stokes analysis and experimental data comparison of compressible flow within ducts

Many aircraft employ ducts with centerline curvature or changing cross-sectional shape to join the engine with inlet and exhaust components. S-ducts convey air to the engine compressor from the intake and often decelerate the flow to achieve an acceptable Mach number at the engine compressor by increasing the cross-sectional area downstream. Circular-to-rectangular transition ducts are used on aircraft with rectangular exhaust nozzles to connect the engine and nozzle. To achieve maximum engine performance, the ducts should minimize flow total pressure loss and total pressure distortion at the duct exit. Changes in the curvature of the duct centerline or the duct cross-sectional shape give rise to streamline curvature which causes cross stream pressure gradients. Secondary flows can be caused by deflection of the transverse vorticity component of the boundary layer. This vortex tilting results in counter-rotating vortices. Additionally, the adverse streamwise pressure gradient caused by increasing cross-sectional area can lead to flow separation. Vortex pairs have been observed in the exit planes of both duct types. These vortices are due to secondary flows induced by pressure gradients resulting from streamline curvature. Regions of low total pressure are produced when the vortices convect boundary layer fluid into the main flow. The purpose of the present study is to predict the measured flow field in a diffusing S-duct and a circular-to-rectangular transition duct with a full Navier-Stokes computer program, PARC3D, and to compare the numerical predictions with new detailed experimental measurements. The work was undertaken to extend previous studies and to provide additional CFD validation data needed to help model flows with strong secondary flow and boundary layer separation. The S-duct computation extends the study of Smith et al, and Harloff et al, which concluded that the computation might be improved by using a finer grid and more advanced turbulence models. The present study compares results for both the Baldwin-Lomas and k-epsilon turbulence models and is conducted with a refined grid. For the transition duct, two inlet conditions were considered, the first with straight flow and the second with swirling flow. The first case permits examination of the effects of the geometric transition on the flow field, while the second case includes the rotational flow effect characteristic of a gas turbine engine

Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis and redesign of an imbedded bellmouth nozzle in a turbine cascade inlet section

Verification of proposed turbopump blading performance will involve evaluation of candidate blades in cascade test facilities. It is necessary to be able to predict the flow fields within these cascades for the results to be applicable to actual engine environments. This work presents the results of a study to predict the flow field for the NASA Lewis Transonic Turbine Blade Cascade Facility, which is similar to those used to evaluate rocket propulsion turbines. A pitchwise nonuniform total pressure distribution was observed at the blade row leading edge plane. A CFD analysis was used to show that the cause of the flow nonuniformity was a pair of vortices that originated in an embedded bellmouth inlet. Further CFD analysis was used to verify that a redesigned inlet section resulted in a flow with acceptable uniformity. A computational analysis was chosen because physical accessibility to the inlet section was limited, and because a computational approach also allows one to examine design changes cheaper and more quickly than an experimental approach would. The PARC code, a general purpose, three-dimensional, Navier-Stokes code with multiblock solution capability, was chosen for the present study. Results are presented detailing the computational requirements needed to accurately predict flows of this nature. Calculations of the original geometry showed total pressure loss regions consistent in strength and in location to experimental measurements. An examination of the results shows that the distortions are caused by a pair of vortices that originate as a result of the interaction of the flow with the imbedded bellmouth. Computations were performed for an inlet geometry which eliminated the imbedded bellmouth by bridging the region between it and the upstream wall. This analysis indicated that eliminating the imbedded bellmouth eliminates the troublesome pair of vortices, resulting in a flow with much greater pitchwise uniformity

Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis and redesign of an imbedded bellmouth nozzle in a turbine cascade inlet section

Experimental measurements in the inlet of a transonic turbine blade cascade showed unacceptable pitchwise flow non-uniformity. A three-dimensional, Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the imbedded bellmouth inlet in the facility was performed to identify and eliminate the source of the flow non-uniformity. The blockage and acceleration effects of the blades were accounted for by specifying a periodic static pressure exit condition interpolated from a separate three-dimensional Navier-Stokes CFD solution of flow around a single blade in an infinite cascade. Calculations of the original inlet geometry showed total pressure loss regions consistent in strength and location to experimental measurements. The results indicate that the distortions were caused by a pair of streamwise vortices that originated as a result of the interaction of the flow with the imbedded bellmouth. Computations were performed for an inlet geometry which eliminated the imbedded bellmouth by bridging the region between it and the upstream wall. This analysis indicated that eliminating the imbedded bellmouth nozzle also eliminates the pair of vortices, resulting in a flow with much greater pitchwise uniformity. Measurements taken with an installed redesigned inlet verify that the flow non-uniformity has indeed been eliminated

Gundalf the Magical Pistol (formerly "Pete's Pistol")

Gundalf is a weapon for the MAGE 2.0 Game System whose main purpose is to fire IR spell packets. Gundalf additionally features an internal, rechargeable, LiPo battery with a 2+ hour battery life, a player-facing speaker that provides audio feedback, an LCD screen, an LED ring that provide visual feedback, and a BlueTooth 2.0 module that communicates with the MAGE 2.0 game server

Evaluating the Impact of the Shelby Farms Greenline as an Equitable Transportation Source Through the Use of Streetlight Data Analytics

This study employs the use of StreetLight Data analytics to evaluate the Shelby Farms Greenline in Memphis, TN as an equitable pedestrian transportation source. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify current practices in equitable pedestrian infrastructure design and pedestrian data collection methods. Using American Community Survey data (annual household income and race/ethnicity), four access points were identified along the Greenline based on demographic and geographic representation. Each location was analyzed using traveler and trip attributes provided by StreetLight data to evaluate pedestrian use of the Greenline. The results of StreetLight Data were validated using two permanent pedestrian counters located along the Greenline. The study resulted in a variety of outcomes that reflect both positively and negatively on the current pedestrian infrastructure. Only one corridor has a greater percentage of commuters and home-to-other than recreational users, signaling a lack of use as an active transportation source. Moreover, the results indicate that there is a lack of demographic representation along the Greenline when compared with the adjacent neighborhoods. As such, additional research areas are recommended to provide a thorough analysis of the pedestrian infrastructure. These include factors such as safety, accessibility, adjacent land use, job location, and transit facility access. Overall, StreetLight Data provides valuable pedestrian data, that when combined with validation using local counts, can be used to inform equitable decision making