Biological parameters estimate for the sickle pomfret (Taractichthys steindachneri) in the west-central and eastern Pacific Ocean

373-381This study was undertaken to provide some preliminary biological information for Sickle pomfrets Taractichthys steindachneri from length frequency data (LFD) obtained through the Chinese Longline Fisheries Observer Programme in the Pacific Ocean obtained from August 2016 to March 2017. We fitted the seasonally oscillating von Bertalanffy Growth Function (so VBGF) by applying two optimized ELEFAN approaches ('simulated annealing' ELEFAN S.A. and 'genetic algorithm' ELEFAN G.A.). ELEFAN S.A. presented the best score and was later used to obtain the following results:  FL∞ = 101 cm, k = 0.52 yr−1, t_anchor = 0.73, C = 0.75, ts = 0.2, and growth performance index of ∅ = 3.72; natural mortality  M = 0.55 yr−1, total mortality Z = 1.37 yr−1, fishing mortality F = 0.82 yr−1, exploitation rate E = 0.59, length at first sexual maturity Lm = 67.5 cm corresponding to 2.47 years (age at first sexual maturity); major recruitment and highest catch rate occurred in January. F and E at maximum sustainable yield were Fmsy = 1.7 yr-1 and Emsy = 0.754, respectively. In this study, E and results of yield-per-recruit models indicate that these fisheries are sustainably harvested, and maximum sustainable yield could be acquired, if F is increased to Fmsy

Comparison of the Keratometric Corneal Astigmatic Power after Phacoemulsification: Clear Temporal Corneal Incision versus Superior Scleral Tunnel Incision

Objective. This is prospective randomized control trial to compare the mean keratometric corneal astigmatism diopter power (not surgical induced astigmatism) among preop and one-month and three-month postop phacoemulcification of either a clear temporal corneal incision or a superior scleral tunnel Incision, using only keratometric astigmatic power reading to evaluate the difference between the two cataract surgery incisions. Methods. 120 patients (134 eyes) underwent phacoemulcification were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A, the clear temporal corneal incision group, and Group B, the superior scleral tunnel incision group. SPSS11.5 Software was used for statistical analysis to compare the postsurgical changes of cornea astigmatism on keratometry. Results. The changes of corneal astigmatic diopter in Groups A and B after 3 month postop from keratometric reading were 1.04 + 0.76 and 0.94 + 0.27, respectively (P = .84 >.05), which showed no statistic significance difference. Conclusion. The incision through either temporal clear cornea or superior scleral tunnel in phacoemulcification shows no statistic difference in astigmatism change on keratometry 3-month postop

Atg16L1 as a Novel Biomarker and Autophagy Gene for Diabetic Retinopathy.

Objective: Accumulating evidence suggests the critical role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In the current study, we aim to identify autophagy genes involved in DR via microarray analyses. Methods: Gene microarrays were performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs/mRNAs between normal and DR retinas. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of lncRNA-coexpressed mRNAs were used to determine the related pathological pathways and biological modules. Real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were conducted to validate the microarray analyses. Results: A total of 2474 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs and 959 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the retina of DR. Based upon Signalnet analysis, Bcl2, Gabarapl2, Atg4c, and Atg16L1 participated the process of cell death in DR. Moreover, real-time PCR revealed significant upregulation of Atg16L1. Conclusion: This study indicated the importance and potential role of Atg16L1, one of the autophagy genes, as a biomarker in DR development and progression

Association between peripheral eosinophilia, JESREC score, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

ObjectiveThe purpose was to evaluate the relationship between peripheral eosinophilia, Japan Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) score, and olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and to explore the accuracy and specific cut points of the JESREC score in predicting olfactory dysfunction.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, retrospective study, olfactory function was assessed by the Sniffin’ Sticks 12-item test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to derive accuracy and cutoff values for the JESREC scores of the olfactory dysfunction criterion.ResultsA total of 354 patients [mean (SD) age, 50.0 (14.9) years; 41.8% women] were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction was 46.3%. Individuals who had olfactory dysfunction were more likely to be male (64.6% vs. 52.6%), have eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) (39.0% vs. 7.9%), have a longer course of CRS (2.3 years vs. 1.5 years), have higher JESREC scores (8.5 vs. 4.5), and have higher proportions of nasal polyps (78.7% vs. 18.9%) and peripheral eosinophilia (3.3% vs. 1.4%). In logistic analysis, the percentage of eosinophils (1.25, 1.13–1.37), JESREC score (1.31, 1.22–1.40), bilateral lesion (2.06, 1.25–3.41), nasal polyps (15.83, 9.23–27.16), CT shadow (2.73, 1.69–4.43), and ECRS (6.86, 3.68–12.80) were associated with olfactory dysfunction in CRS patients after controlling for covariates, while peripheral neutrophils were not significant. In addition, the area under the curve was 0.778 and the cutoff value for JESREC score for olfactory dysfunction was defined as 5.5.ConclusionsPeripheral eosinophilia and high JESREC scores were significantly associated with the risk of olfactory dysfunction in CRS patients, and special attention should be paid to patients with a JESREC score ≥6

Rare micropupil secondary to congenital cataract surgery favoring the development of the affected eye: a case report

Abstract Background Congenital microcoria has been extensively reported and usually leads to visual dysfunction or blindness. However, micropupil development secondary to cataract surgery has never been reported. Here, we describe a rare case of micropupil development in infancy that occurred secondary to combined cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation for treatment of congenital cataract. When the patient reached adulthood, the affected eye not only gained good vision but also showed better ocular development and refractive status than the fellow eye. Case presentation A 17-year-old boy presented to our outpatient clinic with decreased vision in his left eye related to congenital cataract surgery at 6 months of age. The affected eye had exhibited a pinhole pupil since the third month postoperatively. The condition had been managed with observation and regular monocular occlusion treatment. Upon presentation to our clinic, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in his fellow eye was 0.0 logMAR(20/20) with a refraction of − 5.75 diopters cylinder/−2.25 diopters sphere, and the BCVA in his affected eye was 0.5 logMAR(20/40) with a refraction of 0.00 diopters. Ophthalmic examination of the affected eye revealed a pinhole pupil (approximately 0.5 mm) with high light reflex sensitivity but no response to pupil-dilating drugs. The patient underwent pupilloplasty of the affected eye under corneal surface anesthesia. Postoperative examination revealed better ocular development in the affected eye than in the fellow eye (axial length: 24.21 vs. 27.02 mm, respectively) as well as better refractive status in the affected eye (BCVA of 0.0 logMAR(20/20) with a refraction of − 2.23 diopters cylinder/−3.00 diopters sphere vs. 0logMAR(20/20) with a refraction of -5.75 diopters cylinder/-2.25 diopters sphere). Conclusions We have reported a rare case of micropupil development secondary to congenital cataract surgery, which is an uncommon complication, especially in children. However, unlike congenital microcoria, the secondary pinhole pupil may have reduced imaging haze and halos, possibly favoring the development of the affected eye. This case provides further insight into the treatment of congenital cataract

Novel Likely Pathogenic Variants Identified by Panel-Based Exome Sequencing in Congenital Cataract Patients

Purpose. To identify likely pathogenic variants in three families with congenital cataracts via panel-based exome sequencing. Methods. A panel containing 153 genes associated with congenital cataracts was designed. Genes were selected through reference to databases including the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Genetic Home Reference, and the latest peer-reviewed publications on the genetics of hereditary cataracts. Panel-based exome sequencing was performed with the Illumina HiSeq X-Ten platform, and then the identified variants were confirmed with Sanger sequencing and evaluated according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria. Results. Three likely pathogenic variants were found. A novel CRYBB2: c.230G > T p.G77V variant was identified in family A, a novel CRYBB2: c.230G > A p.G77D variant was identified in family B, and a novel CRYGD: c.475delG p.A159Pfs∗9 variant was identified in family C. Conclusion. Panel-based exome sequencing revealed three likely pathogenic variants in three unrelated Chinese families with congenital cataracts. These data expand the genetic spectrum associated with congenital cataracts

Clinical Study Comparison of the Keratometric Corneal Astigmatic Power after Phacoemulsification: Clear Temporal Corneal Incision versus Superior Scleral Tunnel Incision

Objective. This is prospective randomized control trial to compare the mean keratometric corneal astigmatism diopter power (not surgical induced astigmatism) among preop and one-month and three-month postop phacoemulcification of either a clear temporal corneal incision or a superior scleral tunnel Incision, using only keratometric astigmatic power reading to evaluate the difference between the two cataract surgery incisions. Methods. 120 patients (134 eyes) underwent phacoemulcification were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A, the clear temporal corneal incision group, and Group B, the superior scleral tunnel incision group. SPSS11.5 Software was used for statistical analysis to compare the postsurgical changes of cornea astigmatism on keratometry. Results. The changes of corneal astigmatic diopter in Groups A and B after 3 month postop from keratometric reading were 1.04 + 0.76 and 0.94 + 0.27, respectively (P = .84 >.05), which showed no statistic significance difference. Conclusion. The incision through either temporal clear cornea or superior scleral tunnel in phacoemulcification shows no statistic difference in astigmatism change on keratometry 3-month postop