Selection of the optimal frequency of the signal exciting winding of u-shaped eddy-current probe with ferromagnetic core

The paper presents the results of the investigations of eddy current parameters of the U-shaped probe. Optimalfrequencies of NDTsolderingwere foundfor the two groups of samples –nonferromagnetic busbars and cylindrical conductors with diameter 9 and 5.5 mm.В работе представлены результаты измеренийвихретоковых параметров П-образного вихретокового преобразователя. Экспериментально были установлены оптимальные частоты контроля степени пропаянности для двух групп образцов – неферромагнитных токопроводящих шин и цилиндрических токопроводов диаметром 9 мм и 5,5 мм

Influence of Antioxidant SkQ1 on Accumulation of Mitochondrial DNA Deletions in the Hippocampus of Senescence-Accelerated OXYS Rats

Human and animal aging is associated with gradual decline of cognitive functions (especially learning ability and memory) and increased risk of development of neurodegenerative diseases 596 Abbreviations: bp, base pairs; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; ∆mtDNA, deletion in mitochondrial DNA; ∆mtDNA 4834 , 4834-bp mitochondrial DNA deletion; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SkQ1, antioxidant 10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium. * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Abstract-Reduction of efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation associated with aging and the development of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease is thought to be linked to the accumulation of deletions in mitochondrial DNA (∆mtDNA), which are seen as a marker of oxidative damage. Recently, we have shown that mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium) can slow the development of signs of Alzheimer's disease in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the development of neurodegenerative changes in the brain of OXYS rats and changes in the amount of mtDNA and the 4834-bp mitochondrial DNA deletion (∆mtDNA 4834 ) as well as the effect of SkQ1. We studied the relative amount of mtDNA and ∆mtDNA 4834 in the hippocampus of OXYS and Wistar (control) rats at ages of 1, 2, 6, 10, and 20 days and 3, 6, and 24 months. During the period crucial for manifestation of the signs of accelerated aging of OXYS rats (from 1.5 to 3 months of age), we evaluated the effects of administration of SkQ1 (250 nmol/kg) and vitamin E (670 mmol/kg, reference treatment) on the amount of mtDNA and ∆mtDNA 4834 and on the formation of the behavioral feature of accelerated senescence in OXYS rats -passive type of behavior in the open field test. In OXYS rats, the level of ∆mtDNA 4834 in the hippocampus is increased compared to the Wistar rats, especially at the stage of completion of brain development in the postnatal period. This level remains elevated not only at the stages preceding the manifestation of the signs of accelerated brain aging and the development of pathological changes linked to Alzheimer's disease, but also during their progression. However, at age of 24 months, there were no detectable differences between the two strains. SkQ1 treatment reduced the level of ∆mtDNA 4834 in the hippocampus of Wistar and OXYS rats and slowed the formation of passive behavior in OXYS rats. These results support the possible use of SkQ1 for prophylaxis of brain aging. Influence of Antioxidant SkQ1 o

Ribosomal profiling as a tool for studying translation in plants: main results, problems and future prospects

The expression of eukaryotic genes can be regulated at several stages, including the translation of mRNA. It is known that the structure of mRNA can affect both the efficiency of interaction with the translation apparatus in general and the choice of translation initiation sites. To study the translated fraction of the transcriptome, experimental methods of analysis were developed, the most informative of which is ribosomal profiling (RP, Ribo-seq). Originally developed for use in yeast systems, this method has been adapted for research in translation mechanisms in many plant species. This technology includes the isolation of the polysomal fraction and high-performance sequencing of a pool of mRNA fragments associated with ribosomes. Comparing the results of transcript coverage with reads obtained using the ribosome profiling with the transcriptional efficiency of genes allows the translation efficiency to be evaluated for each transcript. The exact positions of ribosomes determined on mRNA sequences allow determining the translation of open reading frames and switching between the translation of several reading frames – a phenomenon in which two or more overlapping frames are read from one mRNA and different proteins are synthesized. The advantage of this method is that it provides quantitative estimates of ribosome coverage of mRNA and can detect relatively rare translation events. Using this technology, it was possible to identify and classify plant genes by the type of regulation of their expression at the transcription, translation, or both levels. Features of the mRNA structure that affect translation levels have been revealed: the formation of G2 quadruplexes and the presence of specific motifs in the 5’-UTR region, GC content, the presence of alternative translation starts, and the influence of uORFs on the translation of downstream mORFs. In this review, we briefly reviewed the RP methodology and the prospects for its application to study the structural and functional organization and regulation of plant gene expression

Experimental Substantiation of New Presentation Form of Cholera Diagnostic Sera

Objective of the study is experimental substantiation of possibility to produce new presentation form of cholera diagnostic sera – lyophilizate in bottles. Materials and methods. Cholera diagnostic sera. Liophylization was performed in Martin Christ Epsilon 2-6D. Residual moisture of dry sera was determined using humidity meter Sartorius MA 150. Solubility of experimental samples was assessed visually. pH was evaluated by potentiometry with the help of PK SevenExcellence-475 Mettler Toledo device, measuring pH/ORP/Ion content/conductivity/concentration. Specific activity and specificity was analyzed through expanded agglutination reaction, using relevant control strains of cholera vibrio. Results and conclusions. Experimentally justified is the possibility to lyophilize cholera diagnostic sera in flasks. Specified are the optimum parameters of lyophilization. It is determined that lyophilization does not result in deterioration of properties, as judging by the quality indicators they meet the requirements of regulatory documentation. Using accelerated aging test, it is demonstrated that the new presentation form of cholera diagnostic sera – lyophilizate in flasks – maintains their specific activity within five years term (the set out shelf life), which fully conform to normative standards

Immunoglobulinopathies in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma

Contex. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma, characterized by generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and dysproteinemia. Hypergammaglobulinaemia is revealed in 50-83% pts with AITL. However, the characteristics of immunoglobulinopathies observed in AITL are scarce. Objective: The aim of the study was to characterize quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies in patients with AITL at the onset of the disease. Patients and methods. 55 patients with newly diagnosed AITL were enrolled in the study, the male/female ratio was 30/25; median age was 61 (29-81) years. Diagnosis was based on standard WHO criteria. Immunochemical studies of blood serum included serum protein electrophoresis/immunofixation, nephelometric quantification of total immunoglobulins, serum free light chain assay. Results. Quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies were determined in 49 (89,1%) of 55 pts. Quantitative immunoglobulinopathies were revealed in 47 (85.5%) of 55 cases, qualitative - in 14 (25,5%). Combination quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies was observed in 12 (21,8%) of 55 pts. The detected immunoglobulinopathies were divided into 4 groups: polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, hypogammaglobulinaemia, oligoclonal gammapathy, and monoclonal gammapathy. Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia was marked in 41 (74.5%) of 55 pts, elevated level of IgG was determined in 27 (49,15%) of 55 cases, IgM - in 18 (32,7%) and IgA - in 21 (38.2%). Interestingly, polyclonal IgE hypergammaglobulinaemia was detected in 12 (48,0%) of 25 cases of performed studies. Hypogammaglobulinaemia was detected in 8 (14,5%) of 55 cases. Oligoclonal gammapathy was determined in 4 (7.3%) of 55 pts. Monoclonal gammapathy was revealed in 11 (20,0%) of 55 cases. The amount of monoclonal immunoglobulin varied from 2.6 to 14.1 g/l. Monoclonal immunoglobulin Gk was detected in 5 of 11 pts, Gλ - in 2, Mλ - in 2, Mk - in 2. Monoclonal gammapathy was accompanied by polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia in 9 of 11 cases, hypogammaglobulinaemia - in 2. Conclusions. Quantitative and qualitative immunoglobulinopathies are observed in most patients at the onset of AITL. Quantitative abnormalities were determined more often than qualitative. Monoclonal gammapathy can be a manifestation of lymphoproliferation and other concomitant disorders. The prognostic value of immunochemical parameters is still unclear and requires dynamic observation and study

Methodological approaches for producing doubled haploids in sugar beet and red beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

The in vitro production of doubled haploids is a biotechnological path of an accelerated development of parental lines in F1-hybrid breeding programs. Unlike the traditional inbreeding method requiring 5 to 6 generations to reach a suf­ficient homozygosity of lines, the number of generations to produce pure lines of beet by haploid technologies is reduced to 2. The production of doubled haploids by gynogenesis is the most common biotechnological approach in sugar and red beets. Protocols for the production of doubled haploids for B. vulgaris species are few and have been developed mainly for sugar beets. There are no protocols for the production of doubled haploids for red beet (B. vulgaris convar. esculenta Salisb.), and the protocols developed for sugar beet (B. vulgaris convar. saccharifera Alef.) are ineffective for red beet, even though these two crops belong to the same species. The greatest success has been achieved in the production of doubled haploids by gynogenesis through isolated ovule culture, especially in sugar beet. Studies on the production of doubled haploids by androgenesis were actively carried out in the 1970s and 1980s and did not lead to the production of regenerated plants. However, at present, there is renewed interest among researchers in this approach, and scientists in different countries are conducting studies of Beta vulgaris androgenesis through isolated microspore culture. This article provides an overview of studies devoted to the production of doubled haploids, addressing the main problems of doubled haploid technologies, and methods to increase the frequency of embryogenesis and doubled haploid plant formation in B. vulgaris crops

First experience of using Brentuximab vedotin and modified program NHL-BFM-90 in the front-line treatment of patient with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: a case report and a review of literature

Nodal anaplastic ALK-negative large cell lymphoma (nALCL, ALK-) is a Т-cell lymphoma that is characterized by aggressive clinical course and low sensitivity to СНОР (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone) and other chemotherapy regimen. In the article we present a literature review and describe our clinical case of nALCL, ALK-. For the first time a combination of Brentuximab vedotin with modified program NHL-BFM-90 was used as a first-line therapy. As a result of immunochemotherapy a complete antineoplastic effect was obtained. For consolidation of this effect high-dose chemotherapy with following autologous blood stem cell transplantation was performed. The chosen treatment tactics allowed to achieve a complete remission in a medium risk group patient

Проблемы проведения биоаналитической части исследований биоэквивалентности лекарственных препаратов в России

In the review of the main problems holding bioanalytical part of bioequivalence studies of medicines in Russia. The analysis of the major causes of failure when performing studies of bioequivalence and pharmacokinetics.В обзоре рассмотрены основные проблемы проведения биоаналитической части исследований биоэквивалентности лекарственных препаратов в России. Проведен анализ основных причин неудач при выполнении исследований по биоэквивалентности и фармакокинетике

Unresolved nature source TeV J2032+4130

Cygnus Region contains many objects that are bright in all wavelengths, including one of the most powerful active star formation regions: Cyg OB2, pulsars, and supernova remnants. Some of the sources have been detected at high and very high energies. One of them was discovered due to the proximity to well-known microquasar Cyg X-3 is object TeV J2032+4130. This object is still of unresolved nature and is being intensively studied in the different energy ranges. The numerous X-ray point sources and diffuse X-ray emission regions were found within the TeV J2032+4130 region by Chandra and Suzaku. Intensities detected in X-rays from these regions may favor a scenario with the dominantly nucleonic, not electronic origin of TeV emission. The results of the twenty-year observation of TeV J2032+4130 object by the SHALON experiment are presented. The collected experimental data on fluxes, spectrum shape, and morphology of TeV J2032+413 can help determine an object type and shed light on the source nature