GOLF SWING MOTION ANALYSIS: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

With advanced motion capture technologies available, the scope and depth of motion analysis now is mainly limited by the capability of the analysis software. Golf swing analysis requires advanced motion analysis methods such as detection of the true impact instant, computation of the impact conditions, definition and use of local reference frames (body and club) in various ways, and determination and use of the functional swing plane. The purpose of this paper was to identify and present solutions for the unique challenges encountered in golf swing motion analysis and to demonstrate the application of such solutions by using Kwon3D, a comprehensive motion analysis program

Trajectory Correction Flight Control System using Pulsejeton an Artillery Rocket

A trajectory correction flight control system is small and durable, and consists of a lateralpulsejet ring mounted on the rocket body. The pulsejet ring consists of a finite number of individualpulsejets. Each pulsejet on the ring imparts a single, short-duration, large force to the rocket inthe plane normal to the rocket axis of symmetry. Lateral pulsejets are used by flight controlsystem to assist the rocket to follow a pre-specified (command) trajectory. The trajectory-trackingflight control system computes the position error by comparing the measured position of therocket with the pre-specified trajectory. In actual application, the position of the rocket couldbe measured using in-house inertial measurement unit (IMU) or by ground-based-tracking radarsystem located at the firing site. A study has been undertaken to explore the feasibility of reducingthe impact point dispersion of a routinely-used artillery rocket using lateral pulsejets coupledto a trajectory correction flight control system. Simulation studies have been conducted to arriveat tuning parameters, namely the tracking error window size, the required elapsed time betweenthe pulsejet firings and the angle of tolerance between the tracking error and the individualpulsejet force. Further, the robustness of the methodology wrt measurement noise has also beenevaluated.Defence Science Journal, 2008, 58(1), pp.15-33, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.58.162

A case control study on behavioural risk factors of anaemia among pregnant women delivered at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy (AIP) is one of the most common preventable causes of maternal morbidity and poor prenatal outcome. World Health Organization (WHO) has accepted up to 11 gm/dl as the normal hemoglobin (Hb) level in pregnancy. In Haryana state, the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 50.2% in urban areas and 58.1% in rural areas. Pregnant women are predominantly susceptible to nutritional deficiencies because of the increased metabolic demands imposed by pregnancy and its related factors. The aim and objective of the study was to determine the behavioural factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women delivering at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana.Methods: This hospital-based case control study was carried out in BPS Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat (Haryana). Study was conducted for one year. One hundred sixty-eight pregnant women were enrolled for study. Inclusion criteria for cases and controls was age of 18 years and above and residents of Sonepat district. Analysis was performed by using R statistical software.Results: The majority 57 (67.9%) of cases and 49 (58.3%) of controls were in age group of 18-24 years. Among different behavioral risk factors studied, not using bed nets, not wearing shoes consistently, eating pica and no use of the other drugs during pregnancy were significantly associated with anemia during pregnancy. However, on Multivariable Logistic regression analysis, the major behavioral risk factors for anemia were not using bed net during pregnancy (AOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 0.68-5.01), and not wearing shoes consistently during pregnancy (AOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 0.83-10.01). The odds of getting anaemia in pregnant mothers who reported pica during their pregnancy was AOR = 2.85 (CI: 0.90 – 10.01) than odds of mothers who did not report pica during their pregnancy.Conclusions: Consistent use of bed net, wearing shoes and not consuming pica prevent anaemia during pregnancy.

A Novel Approach for Enhancement of Blowfish Algorithm by using DES, DCT Methods for Providing, Strong Encryption and Decryption Capabilities

Data safety has evolved into a critical requirement and a duty in modern life. Most of our systems are designed in such a way that it can get hacked, putting our private information at danger. As a result, for numerous safety motives, we utilize various approaches to save as much as possible on this data, regardless of its varied formats, words, photographs, videos, and so on. The data storage capacity of mobile devices is restricted owing to insufficient data storage and processing. In order to develop a safe MCC environment, security concerns must be studied and analysed. This study compares the most widely used symmetric key encryption algorithms, including DES (Data Encryption Standard), Blowfish, TDES (Triple Data Encryption Standard), PRESENT, and KLEIN. The assessment of algorithms is based on attacks, key size, and block size, with the best outcomes in their field

Electronic structure of Pr0.67_{0.67}Ca0.33_{0.33}MnO3_3 near the Fermi level studied by ultraviolet photoelectron and x-ray absorption spectroscopy

We have investigated the temperature-dependent changes in the near-$E$$_F$ occupied and unoccupied states of Pr$_{0.67}$Ca$_{0.33}$MnO$_3$ which shows the presence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases. The temperature-dependent changes in the charge and orbital degrees of freedom and associated changes in the Mn 3$d$ - O 2$p$ hybridization result in varied O 2$p$ contributions to the valence band. A quantitative estimate of the charge transfer energy ($E$$_{CT}$) shows a larger value compared to the earlier reported estimates. The charge localization causing the large $E$$_{CT}$ is discussed in terms of different models including the electronic phase separation.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, To be published in Phy. Rev.

Experimental Investigation and Thermophysics Analysis of Joule Thomson Cooler Applicable to Infrared Imaging

Recuperative type of heat exchanger (H-E) based miniature Joule-Thomson (J-T) cooler operated in the steady-state condition is employed extensively in applications towards infrared detectors cooling, thermal imaging cameras, and homing guidance devices in a wide variety of defence projectile systems. In this study, a theoretical thermal design of recuperative H-E for determining a viable geometry using iterative methodology is discussed. A steady-state numerical analysis for the developed geometrical model of the H-E is also reported, along with the experimental studies for typical operating conditions. A custom numerical code using the Runge-Kutta method has been developed in MATLAB, and the results from the code compared with predictions of COMSOL multi-physics are in good agreement. Further, results have been validated proving the efficacy of the theoretical model and custom numerical code developed

Analysis of physical-chemical processes governing SSME internal fluid flows

The efforts to adapt CHAM's computational fluid dynamics code, PHOENICS, to the analysis of flow within the high pressure fuel turbopump (HPFTP) aft-platform seal cavity of the SSME are summarized. In particular, the special purpose PHOENICS satellite and ground station specifically formulated for this application are listed and described, and the preliminary results of the first part two-dimensional analyses are presented and discussed. Planned three-dimensional analyses are also briefly outlined. To further understand the mixing and combustion processes in the SSME fuelside preburners, a single oxygen-hydrogen jet element was investigated

Study of line shape and angular variation of ESR spectra in two smectic a liquid crystals

Electron spin-resonance (ESR) measurement of the androstane nitroxide spin-probe is reported in isotropic, nematic and smectic A phases of the liquid crystals N(p-Octyloxy-benzylidine)-p-toludine [OBT] and p-nitrophenyl-p-n-octyloxy benzoate [NPOB]. Mono-domain samples in flat quartz tube were formed for the study of the angular variation of the spectra in smectic A phase. The analysis of the spectra using the theory of Polnaszek, Bruno and Freed (PBF) has resulted in the determination of the order parameter S, the rotational correlation time TR, and the anisotropic diffusion parameter N at different temperatures. The comparison between the two samples shows that the molecular geometry of the liquid crystals play important role in determining the value of the order parameter. The entire smectic A phase in OBT is characteristic of slow tumbling region (TR > 10-9 sec) and the anisotropic parameter N shows an anomalous increase in this phase. This indicates that the slowly relaxing local structure (SRLS) mechanism plays important role in the slow tumbling region. In NPOB the incipient slow tumbling region is almost at the end of smectic A phase and the SRLS mechanism does not seem to play as important role as in OBT

ESR line shape study of two nematic liquid crystals

Electron spin-resonance (ESR) measurements of the spin-probe17β-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethyl spiro[5α-androstane-3,2-oxazolidine]-3'-yloxyl in the liquid crystals 4-n-Amylacetophenon O-(4-n-heptyl benzoyl)-oxime [AAHBO] and 4-n-Butoxyphenyl hexyl benzoate [BPHB] are reported in isotropic and nematic phases. On the basis of the temperature variation of ESR line width, an extra, solid to solid, phase transition is observed in BPHB. The theory of Polnaszek, Bruno and Freed (PBF) appropriate for anisotropic viscosity diffusion is used to analyze the ESR spectra and thereby to determine the values of the order parameter, the rotational diffusion tensor and the correlation time at different temperatures for the two liquid crystals. The analysis shows that the slowly relaxing local structure mechanisms (SRLS) is active in slow tumbling region specially in AAHBO

Design of Safe Slopes After Failure During an Earthquake

Four slope slides took place, during a major earthquake, on the slopes of hill that has a paper mill complex on its top. The subsoil condition and engineering parameters for the site were evaluated at the time of construction of this complex and again after the earthquake for the purpose of designing safe slopes. However, both times the variation in the numerical values of shear parameters obtained by different tests was very wide and it was difficult to arrive at some conclusion. Therefore, on the basis of failure surface geometries, these was assessed by back analysis and design of safe slope carried out