Gene action for quantitative traits through Generation means analysis in sesame (Sesamum indicum)

Understanding the nature of gene action in the breeding material is helpful for breeders in formulating breeder strategy. In order to understand the type of gene action operating in the breeding materials six generation means (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) from five crosses were used to estimate the genetic effects of yield and some quantitative traits in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) The analysis showed the presence of additive, dominance and epistatic gene interactions. The additive dominance model was adequate for capsule length in the KMR 108 × JCS 507 and KKS 98049 × IS 562 B crosses. An epistatic digenic model was assumed for the remaining crosses. Duplicate- type epistasis played a greater role than complementary epistasis. The study deciphered that simple additive dominance model exhibited lack of good fit for all the traits in five crosses studied, indicating the role of non-allelic interactions. Dominance and epistatic interactions played a major role in the inheritance of yield and yield contributing characters in sesame. It can be categorically stated that reciprocal recurrent selection or diallel selective mating system are the need of the hour to modify the genetic architecture of sesame for attaining higher yields with desirable oil content

Molecular Docking Study of Conformational Polymorph: Building Block of Crystal Chemistry

Two conformational polymorphs of novel 2-[2-(3-cyano-4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-2H-pyridin-1-yl)-ethoxy]-4,6-dimethyl nicotinonitrile have been developed. The crystal structure of both polymorphs (1a and 1b) seems to be stabilized by weak interactions. A difference was observed in the packing of both polymorphs. Polymorph 1b has a better binding affinity with the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) receptor than the standard (Nimesulide)

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Not AvailableGeneeffectsforimportantquantitative traits of five crosses of sesame (SesamumindicumL.)wereestimatedbypartitioningthemeansandvariancesofmeansofsixbasicgenerationsfromeachcrossintotheirgeneticcomponentstoassessthegeneactiongoverningtheinheritanceoftraits.The additive, dominance and digenicnon-allelic gene interactions were observed to govern most oftheyieldtraits.The non-additive gene effects weremorepronouncedthanadditiveonesformostofthetraits.TheA,B,CandDscalesshowedhighlysignificantvaluesforallthetraits and crosses studied and departure from zero indicated the presence of epistasis. But, these testsverifyonlythepresenceofepistasisbutdonotprovidethekindofgene action. This indicates the inadequacy ofscalingandjointscalingtestandpresenceofnonallelicinteractions.Thenextpossibilityistoincludetheeffectofepistasiswhichcanbeestimatedasadditivexadditive,additive x dominance and dominance x dominance geneeffects in the inheritance of the charactersNot Availabl

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Not AvailableThe extent of standard heterosis of eleven characters of sixty hybrids of sesame developed by crossing 10 lines and 6testers in line x tester fashion were evaluated during Rabi, 2007-08, 2008-09 at College Farm, College of Agriculture,ANGRAU, Hyderabad, India. The analysis of variance (line x tester) revealed significant differences among genotypesfor all the characters studied. The line x tester interactions contributed up to 79.55 per cent for capsule length followedby number of seeds per capsule (77.98%), seed yield per plant (77.15%) and number of effective primaries per plantexpressed in per cent(75.75%). The highest percentage of average heterosis was observed for seed yield per plant andnumber of effective primaries per plant. Five crosses viz., PKDS-62 x IS 562 B , SI7818 x SI-3171, KKS-98049 X SI-3171, KKS-98049 x KMR-78, CST 2001-5 x TKG-22 were identified as potential hybrids with high standard heterosisfor seed yield over better yielding commercial hybrid check Swetha til. Testing of these hybrids in all India coordinatedtrials across different states of the country may result in identification of better hybrids in the near future for commercialexploitation (2) (PDF) Evaluation of sesame crosses for heterosis of yield and yield attributing traits. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269098978_Evaluation_of_sesame_crosses_for_heterosis_of_yield_and_yield_attributing_traits [accessed Nov 17 2018].Not Availabl

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Not AvailableUnderstanding the nature of gene action in the breeding material is helpful for breeders in formulating breeder strategy. In order to understand the type of gene action operating in the breeding materials six generation means (P1,P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) from five crosses were used to estimate the genetic effects of yield and some quantitative traits in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) The analysis showed the presence of additive, dominance and epistatic gene interactions. The additive dominance model was adequate for capsule length in the KMR 108 × JCS 507 and KKS 98049 × IS 562 B crosses. An epistatic digenic model was assumed for the remaining crosses. Duplicate- type epistasis played a greater role than complementary epistasis. The study deciphered that simple additive dominance model exhibited lack of good fit for all the traits in five crosses studied, indicating the role of non-allelic interactions. Dominance and epistatic interactions played a major role in the inheritance of yield and yield contributing characters in sesame. It can be categorically stated that reciprocal recurrent selection or diallel selective mating system are the need of the hour to modify the genetic architecture of sesame for attaining higher yields with desirable oil contentNot Availabl

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Not AvailableSixteen genotypes consisting of ten lines and six testers were crossed in line x tester fashion. The hybrids and their parents were used to estimate three types of heterosis, sca effects for 11 quantitative traits. Based on the sca, heterosis and per se performance, the superior crosses were identified for each trait. The crossesPKDS-62 x IS 562 B and KKS-98049 x KMR-78 which showed superior performance in yield and yield contributing traits and these were the best among the 60 crosses studied. These crosses may be used for commercial exploitation of heterosis in sesame.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableGenetic diversity study was carried out among 41 sesame genotypes using seed yield and its component characters. Based on the present investigation the 41sesame genotypes were grouped into seven clusters suggesting that considerable amount of genetic diversity present across genotypes. The maximum diversity was contributed by capsules per plant followed by number of branches per plant, plant height and days to maturity. Cluster II was the largest one comprising of 17 genotypes followed by cluster I with 12 genotypes, cluster IV with five genotypes, cluster III with four genotypes, cluster V,VI, and VII, were represented by each single genotype indicating high degree of heterogeneity among the genotypes.The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between IV and VI clusters followed by clusters IV and V and clusters VI and VII while it was low between clusters V and VI, followed by clusters I and V, clusters II and VII. Maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster VI, followed by cluster IV, cluster III, cluster II and cluster I. The inter cluster distance in most of the cases were higher than the intra-cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. Four characters viz., capsules per plant, followed by number of branches, plant height and days to maturity contributed more than 90% towards genetic divergence. Hence, these four characters are very important for selection indicesNot Availabl

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Not AvailableGenetic diversity study was carried out among 41 sesame genotypes using seed yield and its component characters. Based on the present investigation the 41sesame genotypes were grouped into seven clusters suggesting that considerable amount of genetic diversity present across genotypes. The maximum diversity was contributed by capsules per plant followed by number of branches per plant, plant height and days to maturity. Cluster II was the largest one comprising of 17 genotypes followed by cluster I with 12 genotypes, cluster IV with five genotypes, cluster III with four genotypes, cluster V, VI, and VII, were represented by each single genotype indicating high degree of heterogeneity among the genotypes. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between IV and VI clusters followed by clusters IV and V and clusters VI and VII while it was low between clusters V and VI, followed by clusters I and V, clusters II and VII. Maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster VI, followed by cluster IV, cluster III, cluster II and cluster I. The inter cluster distance in most of the cases were higher than the intra-cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. Four characters viz., capsules per plant, followed by number of branches, plant height and days to maturity contributed more than 90% towards genetic divergence. Hence, these four characters are very important for selection indices.Not Availabl

An insight into morphological and molecular diversity in Indian sesame cultivars

Extent of genetic diversity in a collection of 41 sesame genotypes comprising advanced breeding lines and varieties was assessed based on phenotypic (19 morphological and quantitative traits) and genotypic (68 SSR loci) data. Wide variation was observed for quantitative traits, namely, plant height (86-137 cm). No. of capsules/ plant (42-116), days to maturity (81-103) and seed yield/ plant (10-23g)., SSR markers showed 29% polymorphism with an average of 2.8 alleles/locus and 0.409 PIC value indicating a trend of moderate level of diversity at molecular level in the collection. The results reinforce the need for using both phenotypic and molecular data for genetic diversity assessments and selecting diverse lines for breeding programmes.ICA