A Comprehensive Review on Role of Plant Tissue Culture in Ornamental Crops: Cultivation Factors, Applications and Future Aspects

Ornamental plants are grown largely for their artistic value, floriculturists must prioritize the proliferation and improvement of quality traits, as well as the production of unique diversity. Micropropagation, clonal reliability and conservation are all crucial factors to consider. Application of in vitro techniques in ornamental plant such as in vitro embryo rescue, somatic hybridization, in vitro pollination and in vitro ploidy manipulation but to enhance, techniques like as embryo rescue and somatic hybridization are commonly employed. The creation of synthetic seed allows for season-independent seed producing and long-term seed preservation. Many factors influence ornamental plant tissue culture, including plant genotype, explants type, and the physical environment (light, temperature, humidity, and CO2), in addition to medium composition and growth regulators. We compiled and reviewed an overall update on cultivation factors, application procedures in ornamental plant tissue culture, in vitro plant enhancement approaches and future prospects in this study

Assessment of Soil Microbial Status under Different Land Use System at Various Depth

The present study was undertaken to assessment of soil microbial status under different land use system at various depth of main campus of University at Acharya Narendra, Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during 2018-2019. The land use systems selected for study were rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS), legume based cropping system (LBCS), and vegetable based cropping system (VBCS). Plantation land (mango, aonla and bael orchard), forest land (shisham, teak and eucalyptus) and barren land (NSP-6 farm). Soil samples were taken with GPS system from four depths viz. 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60cm in order to analyze microbial population (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes). The bacterial population (cfu × 105 g-1) under all the four land use viz. crop land, plantation land, forest land and barren land was decreased with increasing soil depth, which ranged from 2.76 to 4.95 cfu × 105 g-1 soil. The average bacterial population values were higher in forest land followed by plantation land, crop land and barren land. The fungi population (cfu × 103 g-1) under all the four land use viz. crop land, plantation land, forest land and barren land was, also, decreased with increasing soil depth at all land use system and ranged from 0.85 to 1.77 cfu × 103 g-1 soil. The average fungi population values were higher in forest land followed by crop land, plantation land and barren land. The actinomycetes population (cfu × 104 g-1) under all the four land use viz. crop land, plantation land, forest land and barren land was decreased with increasing soil depth at all land use system. The population varied from 0.57 to 1.02 cfu × 104 g-1 soil. The average actinomycetes population values were higher in forest land followed by plantation land, crop land and barren land

Innovative Soilless Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops: A Comprehensive Review

Soilless culture, a modern greenhouse cultivation technology, has rapidly developed in the past 30-40 years and offers a closed-loop system with several benefits, including the recycling of 85-90 percent of irrigation water. As the world population continues to grow at a rate of over 1%, the reduction in land availability per capita for soil-based agriculture has become a major problem, particularly in countries like India with a high population density. Soilless farming offers a viable alternative for growing high-quality vegetables, fruits, and flowers year-round on a variety of substrates, requiring limited space. This approach also aims to eradicate greenhouse soil-related problems such as soil-borne infections, poor soil fertility, and salinity. With several advantages over traditional soil crops, including shorter growth times, year-round production, and fewer diseases and pests, soilless farming comprises various methods such as hydroponics, aeroponics, and aquaponics. The technique has the potential to improve people's lives and boost economic growth by encouraging innovative businesses to engage in agriculture. Therefore, soilless farming has gained traction as an innovative solution to address land scarcity issues while producing high-quality crops sustainably

Assessment of Physico-chemical Properties of Soil as Influenced by Different Moisture Regimes and Nitrogen Sources in Wheat Crop

An experiment was conducted at Student’s “Instructional farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during rabi season 2019-2020. The experiment was laid out in split plot design (SPD) with three replications using the wheat variety HD- 2967. The treatments comprised of four levels of irrigation viz. 0.6 IW/CPE ratio (I1), 0.8 IW/CPE ratio (I2), 1.0 IW/CPE ratio (I3), 1.2 IW/CPE ratio (I4), and three nitrogen sources viz. 100% (RDF) through urea (N1), 50% RDF + 50% FYM (N2), 50% RDF + 50% poultry manure (N3).The build-up in organic carbon was found with the application of moisture regime at 1.2 IW/CPE and the minimum was received with the moisture regime at 0.6 IW/CPE during the investigation. The increment level of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc were found with the increasing level of moisture regime. The maximum was found with the application of moisture regime at 1.2 IW/CPE and the minimum was received with the moisture regime at 0.6 IW/CPE during the investigation. Moisture regimes 1.2 IW/CPE ratio was found best for viz., pH , EC and organic carbon, Available Nitrogen, Phosphorus , Potassium & Zinc and among the Nitrogen level, application of 50% N from urea + 50% N from Poultry manure (N3) was found suitable for soil fertility status followed by 50% N from urea +50% N from FYM (N2

Enhancing Clarity and Quality: The Role of Clarifying Agents in Horticulture Foods and Formulations

This abstract explores the multifaceted role of clarifying agents in the realm of horticultural foods and their vital functions within formulations. Clarifying agents serve as essential tools in the food industry, aiding in the removal of impurities, cloudiness, and undesirable particles from fruit juices, wines, and various horticultural products. These agents are instrumental in enhancing the visual appeal and quality of these products, improving their marketability. The uses of clarifying agents extend beyond aesthetics; they play a crucial role in stabilizing formulations, preventing sedimentation, and preserving the natural flavors and nutritional value of horticultural foods. Additionally, clarifying agents contribute to product consistency and shelf-life extension, ensuring a consistent and appealing product for consumers. This abstract delves into the diverse types of clarifying agents employed in horticulture and their specific functions within various formulations. It highlights their significance in maintaining product integrity and meeting consumer preferences for clear, visually appealing, and high-quality horticultural foods