Wavelet-based Image Splicing Forgery Detection

Digital image processing is a progressive field which has made development over period of time in a way that it becomes easy to play with artifacts of image by manipulating them using transformation such as copy-paste, copy-move, rotation, smoothing of boundaries, scaling, color enhancing, resizing, addition of noise, blurring, compressing etc. Forgery performed with a digital image, raising a doubt about the authenticity of it. Image splicing is one of the most used method for tampering an image by compositing two or many image fragments to create a spliced image. In this paper, a wavelet-based mechanism is proposed to detect image splicing forgery by taking edge information of an image as a distinguishing feature by performing edge analysis using wavelet transform. Haar-based Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used for edge analysis that decompose an image into four sub-images and it followed by Speed-Up Robust Feature (SURF) method which is a keypoint-based feature extractor technique. SURF extracts features from the decomposed images of DWT and used that features for performing classification using SVM linear classifier

Vibronic coupling in the superoxide anion: The vibrational dependence of the photoelectron angular distribution

We present a comprehensive photoelectron imaging study of the O₂(X³Σg⁻,v′=0–6)←O₂⁻(X²Πg,v′′=0) and O₂(a¹Δg,v′=0–4)←O₂⁻(X²Πg,v′′=0)photodetachment bands at wavelengths between 900 and 455 nm, examining the effect of vibronic coupling on the photoelectron angular distribution (PAD). This work extends the v′=1–4 data for detachment into the ground electronic state, presented in a recent communication [R. Mabbs, F. Mbaiwa, J. Wei, M. Van Duzor, S. T. Gibson, S. J. Cavanagh, and B. R. Lewis, Phys. Rev. A82, 011401–R (2010)]. Measured vibronic intensities are compared to Franck–Condon predictions and used as supporting evidence of vibronic coupling. The results are analyzed within the context of the one-electron, zero core contribution (ZCC) model [R. M. Stehman and S. B. Woo, Phys. Rev. A23, 2866 (1981)]. For both bands, the photoelectron anisotropy parameter variation with electron kinetic energy,β(E), displays the characteristics of photodetachment from a d-like orbital, consistent with the π∗g 2p highest occupied molecular orbital of O₂⁻. However, differences exist between the β(E) trends for detachment into different vibrational levels of the X³Σg⁻ and a ¹Δg electronic states of O₂. The ZCC model invokes vibrational channel specific “detachment orbitals” and attributes this behavior to coupling of the electronic and nuclear motion in the parent anion. The spatial extent of the model detachment orbital is dependent on the final state of O₂: the higher the neutral vibrational excitation, the larger the electron binding energy. Although vibronic coupling is ignored in most theoretical treatments of PADs in the direct photodetachment of molecular anions, the present findings clearly show that it can be important. These results represent a benchmark data set for a relatively simple system, upon which to base rigorous tests of more sophisticated models.The authors gratefully acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation Grant No. CHE-0748738 and ANU ARC Discovery Projects under Grant Nos. DP0666267 and DP0880850

Status of Patient Flow in the Emergency Department of Kathmandu Medical College Before and After the National Level Lockdown for Pandemic

Background: Emergency visits during pandemic also comprise the patients with various complains other than symptoms of COVID.  It is prudent to identify the variation of non- COVID-19 cases (cases that do not have fever or cough or travel history or contact history or health professional) that visit emergency department during pandemic and their outcome for proper division of resources including human resources during pandemic. Methods: This is a cross sectional study done in emergency department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH) Data were collected from the record book from 24th March 2020 to 21st July 2020 (lockdown period) and four months prior to 24th March. The variation in emergency admissions, demographic profile, outcome of the patients, departments admitting the patients and place of admission was evaluated. Results: Total of 6944 cases were seen during the pre-lockdown period and 2503 cases during the lockdown period, which is 63.95% less than the pre-lockdown era. The number of cases that were admitted from the ER during the lockdown had fallen by 67.5% from the pre-lockdown era. Likewise, the patients admitted in ward, high care, ICU had decreased by 76%, 49%, 64% respectively compared to pre-lockdown period. However, the rate of admissions in intensive care unit had risen from 32.58% to 35.73% during lockdown. There was decrease in injury, poisoning or certain consequences of external causes and external causes of morbidity and mortality by 57.5% and 52% respectively. Conclusion: The overall rate of admissions was low both for the COVID.  However, the admission in intensive care units increased during the lockdown period which gives the idea that people were only visiting hospital when their symptoms were worse

Vibronic coupling in the superoxide anion: the vibrational dependence of the photoelectron angular distribution

We present a comprehensive photoelectron imaging study of the O2(X 3Σg−,v′ = 0–6)←O2−(X 2Πg,v″ = 0) and O2(a 1Δg,v′ = 0–4)←O2−(X 2Πg,v″ = 0) photodetachment bands at wavelengths between 900 and 455 nm, examining the effect of vibronic coupling on the photoelectron angular distribution (PAD). This work extends the v′ = 1–4 data for detachment into the ground electronic state, presented in a recent communication. Measured vibronic intensities are compared to Franck–Condon predictions and used as supporting evidence of vibronic coupling. The results are analyzed within the context of the one-electron, zero core contribution (ZCC) model. For both bands, the photoelectron anisotropy parameter variation with electron kinetic energy, β(E), displays the characteristics of photodetachment from a d-like orbital, consistent with the πg∗ 2p highest occupied molecular orbital of O2−. However, differences exist between the β(E) trends for detachment into different vibrational levels of the X 3Σg− and a 1Δg electronic states of O2. The ZCC model invokes vibrational channel specific “detachment orbitals” and attributes this behavior to coupling of the electronic and nuclear motion in the parent anion. The spatial extent of the model detachment orbital is dependent on the final state of O2: the higher the neutral vibrational excitation, the larger the electron binding energy. Although vibronic coupling is ignored in most theoretical treatments of PADs in the direct photodetachment of molecular anions, the present findings clearly show that it can be important. These results represent a benchmark data set for a relatively simple system, upon which to base rigorous tests of more sophisticated models

TRIM5α and TRIM22 are differentially regulated according to HIV-1 infection phase and compartment.

CAPRISA, 2014.The antiviral role of TRIM E3 ligases in vivo is not fully understood. To test the hypothesis that TRIM5α and TRIM22 have differential transcriptional regulation and distinct anti-HIV roles according to infection phase and compartment, we measured TRIM5α, TRIM22, and type I interferon (IFN-I)-inducible myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during primary and chronic HIV-1 infection, with chronic infection samples being matched PBMCs and central nervous system (CNS)-derived cells. Associations with biomarkers of disease progression were explored. The impact of IFN-I, select proinflammatory cytokines, and HIV on TRIM E3 ligase-specific expression was investigated. PBMCs from individuals with primary and chronic HIV-1 infection had significantly higher levels of MxA and TRIM22 than did PBMCs from HIV-1-negative individuals (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). PBMCs from chronic infection had lower levels of TRIM5α than did PBMCs from primary infection or HIV-1-uninfected PBMCs (P = 0.0001 for both). In matched CNS-derived samples and PBMCs, higher levels of MxA (P = 0.001) and TRIM5α (P = 0.0001) in the CNS were noted. There was a negative correlation between TRIM22 levels in PBMCs and plasma viral load (r = -0.40; P = 0.04). In vitro, IFN-I and, rarely, proinflammatory cytokines induced TRIM5α and TRIM22 in a cell type-dependent manner, and the knockdown of either protein in CD4(+) lymphocytes resulted in increased HIV-1 infection. These data suggest that there are infection-phase-specific and anatomically compartmentalized differences in TRIM5α and TRIM22 regulation involving primarily IFN-I and specific cell types and indicate subtle differences in the antiviral roles and transcriptional regulation of TRIM E3 ligases in vivo

A study of the subcommissural organ in the adult and pouch-young Trichosurus vulpecula / by Ram Singh Tulsi

Typescritp (photocopy)2 v. : ill. (part col.) ; 29 cm.Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Adelaide, Dept. of Anatomy and Histology, 198

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Not AvailableThe need for achieving food security is felt significantly in the recent years due to enormous pressure from the ever-increasing population in India. Owing to the change in preferences in crop production techniques over a period of time, several new challenges draw attention to food security. Chronic food insecurity still persists as reflected in the low energy intake and high incidences of malnutrition. The overall improvement in nutritional status being very slow, is very chronic for approximately half of the population, particularly among the vulnerable groups of children. India is one of the few countries which have experimented with a broad spectrum of programmes for improving food security. However, despite a significant reduction in the incidence of poverty, population. The government needs to supplement the provision of food security with a mix of short- and long-term policies. This will require improvements in infrastructure and time-limited targeted policies to improve rural farm and non-farm productivity. Special care should be taken in laying down the guidelines for the policies and programmes so that the money and labour expended result in durable and visible assets benefiting the whole community and ensuring food security for all. Research should be targeted to emphasize on bio fortification to ensure nutritional security in the diet. Prioritize the demand-driven and nutrient-based research programmes. Concerted efforts should be made to ensure involvement of social sciences in research prioritization, and technology development, targeting and dissemination. This paper deals with food and nutritional security status, interventions of government and the other institutions and the roles to be played by policy makers, researchers and extension agents in overcoming food and nutritional challenges in India.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe issue of impact of climate change on agriculture has emerged in recent decades and it is necessary to evaluate its impact on agriculture. It is resulting in problems with food security and may threaten the livelihood activities upon which much of the population depends. However it may affect crop yields both positively and negatively, as well as the types of crops that can be grown in certain areas, by impacting agricultural inputs such as water for irrigation, amounts of solar radiation that affect plant growth, as well as the prevalence of pests. Keeping in mind the importance of the issue a study was conducted in two villages of Haryana state. The objective of the study was to determine the perception of farmers on issue of climate change. A sample of 300 respondents (40 %) was randomly selected from a total population of 800 farmers. Data were collected from the sampled respondents in 2013 and 2014. Most of the farmers (69.3 %) perceived that climate change started between last 5 to15 years. Almost half of the farmers (48.0%) believe that environmental factor is responsible for climate change and felt that both rainy season and cold season start late and are of shorter duration. Hot season shows opposite scenario as it starts early but is prolonged. Mean duration of hot season has significantly increased in recent past compared to last decade. Similarly, they perceived that hotness has increased (88.7%) and coldness has reduced (60.0%). Farmers observed a reduction in overall rainfall (83.3%) as well as variation in the speed and duration of strong wind. They felt that incidence of drought has increased (73.3 %). However the educational status of the farmers and access to extension services had significant association with their perceived cause towards climate change.Not Availabl