A Rare Nasopharyngeal Foreign Body

Nasopharynx is an exceptionally rare anatomical location for foreign body impaction. We present a rare case of nasopharyngeal foreign body (NFB) in a 7 years old child. The diagnosis was confirmed by nasal endoscopy. Immediate removal of foreign body (FB) in the nasopharynx was performed under general anesthesia. This rare situation is potentially dangerous, since its dislodgment may cause fatal airway obstruction. Therefore, in all cases with missing foreign bodies in the aerodigestive system, nasopharyngeal impaction should be kept in mind and endoscopic examination of the region should be considere

Knowledge and perception of magnetic resonance imaging safety among patients

Background: MRI knowledge and safety are very important not for only MRI technicians, doctors, professionals but also for patients who are undergoing MRI examination.  The key purpose of this research to evaluate the knowledge and perception of MRI Safety among patients, as accidents can happen due to patient’s insufficient knowledge regarding MRI. Method: The retrospective study was performed around 50 patients at Maharishi Markandeshwar institute of medical sciences and research, Ambala, Haryana. Questionnaire design was used to assess their knowledge and perception. The questionnaire form was filled by an investigator directly discussion with patients and the data was collected and analyzed using Microsoft excel sheet. Result: It was assessed that how much knowledge and what is the perception of MRI study among patients. There were 23 (46%) female and f 27 (54%) male in different age group. In response to question regarding how patients felt before MRI scan, 16% patients felt panic, 10% sensed fear and panic, fear and anxiety were experienced by 6% patients, fear was the emotion that 15 patients (30%) suffered, anxiety as the sole was felt by 7 (14%), for 2 (4%) regret was the sensation and 10 patients (20%) didn’t have any issue. Conclusions: The conclusion of this research depicted that majority of the patients were in dark with relation to the knowledge and perception of MRI. It is crucial to explain to the patients about the contraindications and rules regarding the MRI scan

Sub-convexity bound for GL(3)×GL(2)GL(3) \times GL(2) LL-functions: GL(3)GL(3)-spectral aspect

Let $\phi$ be a Hecke-Maass cusp form for $SL(3, \mathbb{Z})$ with Langlands parameters $({\bf t}_{i})_{i=1}^{3}$ satisfying $$|{\bf t}_{3} - {\bf t}_{2}| \leq T^{1-\xi -\epsilon}, \quad \, {\bf t}_{i} \approx T, \quad \, \, i=1,2,3$$ with $1/2 0$. Let $f$ be a holomorphic or Maass Hecke eigenform for $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$. In this article, we prove a sub-convexity bound $$L(\phi \times f, \frac{1}{2}) \ll \max \{ T^{\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\xi}{4}+\epsilon} , T^{\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1-2 \xi}{4}+\epsilon} \}$$ for the central values $L(\phi \times f, \frac{1}{2})$ of the Rankin-Selberg $L$-function of $\phi$ and $f$, where the implied constants may depend on $f$ and $\epsilon$. Conditionally, we also obtain a subconvexity bound for $L(\phi \times f, \frac{1}{2})$ when the spectral parameters of $\phi$ are in generic position, that is $${\bf t}_{i} - {\bf t}_{j} \approx T, \quad \, \text{for} \, i \neq j, \quad \, {\bf t}_{i} \approx T , \, \, i=1,2,3.$$Comment: First draf

A REVIEW ON PHYTOSOMES: NOVEL APPROACH FOR HERBAL PHYTOCHEMICALS

  The poor oral bioavailability of polyphenolic compound can be enhanced through the incorporation of them into phospholipid based self-assembled delivery system, i.e. popularly known as phytosome. Phyto†means plants and some†resembles a covering around/or a structure. Phytosome is generally prepared by reacting one or two moles of polyphenolic phytoconstituents and phospholipid. It may be either in the ratio of 1:1 and 1:2. By using phytosomes, one can also achieve enhanced rate and extent of the passage of lipophilic herbal constituents across lipid membrane that explains its character as a carrier as well as acid labile herbal drugs could also be protected in gastrointestinal tract. There are number of products available in the market that contains phytosomal drug delivery system such as Ginkgo biloba, Silybum marianum, and Camellia sinensis. The present review describes an updated overview of preparation of phytosomes, advancement in phytosomes technology, various herbal drugs for which phytosomes have been used as a carrier, its commercial availability and applications

Comparative study of hypospadias morphology with normal age-matched subjects

Background: Hypospadias is the most common congenital malformation of the penis, affecting about 4-6 males per 1000 births, and ranging in severity from a ventrally located urethral meatus that is slightly off-center to tip of penis to up to the perineal area. The current research is intended towards studying the morphology of hypospadias and undertakes a comparison with the age matched population. Methods: It was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Himalayan institute of medical sciences, Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India over the period of 12 months. We included a total of 120 study subjects, consisting of 60 cases and 60 controls. All patients of hypospadias with no other genital pathology visiting the OPD for the 1st time were included. Patients were categorized as having distal (distal to corona), mid (proximal to corona & up to distal shaft), or proximal hypospadias (in the shaft). Mean maximum width, thickness and vertical length of the glans, stretched penile length, diameter and circumference of penile shaft were recorded. Results: Variables like stretched penile length, width and circumference of mid penile shaft and variables like urethral plate, urethral groove, breadth of dorsal hood, maximum width and thickness of glans were found to be insignificant when compared with controls. However, vertical length of glans among cases was significantly less when compared with controls. Conclusions: A significant association between vertical length of glans between controls and cases was found

Sum of the triple divisor function and Fourier coefficients of SL(3,Z)SL(3,\mathbb{Z}) Hecke-Maass forms over quadratics

Let $\mathcal{A}(n)$ be the $(1,n)-th$ Fourier coefficients of $SL(3,\mathbb{Z})$ Hecke-Maass cusp form i.e. $\Lambda(1,n)$ or the triple divisor function $d_3(n)$, which is the number of solutions of the equation $r_1r_2r_3 = n$ with $r_1, r_2, r_3 \in \mathbb{Z}^+.$ We establish estimates for \begin{equation*} \sum_{1 \leq n_1,n_2\leq X} \mathcal{A}(Q(n_1,n_2)) \end{equation*} where $Q(x,y) \in \mathbb{Z}[x,y]$ is a symmetric positive definite quadratic form.Comment: This article is of 19 pages. Comments/Suggestions are welcom

Hybrid subconvexity bound for GL(3)×GL(2)GL(3)\times GL(2) LL-functions: t and level aspect

\begin{abstract} In this article, we will get non-trivial estimates for the central values of degree six Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions $L(1/2+it, \pi \times f)$ associated with a ${GL(3)}$ form $\pi$ and a ${GL(2)}$ form $f$ using the delta symbol approach in the hybrid settings i.e. in the level of ${GL(2)}$ form and $t$-aspect. \end{abstract}Comment: 30 pages, comments are welcom