28 research outputs found
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Revisiting the Potential of EEG Neurofeedback for Patients With Schizophrenia.
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A Systematic Review of The Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients with Schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by positive symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), negative symptoms (anhedonia, social withdrawal) and marked cognitive deficits (memory, executive function, and attention). Current mainstays of treatment, including medications and psychotherapy, do not adequately address cognitive symptoms, which are essential for everyday functioning. However, recent advances in computational neurobiology have rekindled interest in neurofeedback (NF), a form of self-regulation or neuromodulation, in potentially alleviating cognitive symptoms in patients with SCZ. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the literature for NF studies in SCZ to identify lessons learned and to identify steps to move the field forward. Our findings reveal that NF studies to date consist mostly of case studies and small sample, single-group studies. Despite few randomized clinical trials, the results suggest that NF is feasible and that it leads to measurable changes in brain function. These findings indicate early proof-of-concept data that needs to be followed up by larger, randomized clinical trials, testing the efficacy of NF compared to well thought out placebos. We hope that such an undertaking by the field will lead to innovative solutions that address refractory symptoms and improve everyday functioning in patients with SCZ
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Biological Motion induced mu suppression is reduced in Early Psychosis (EP) patients with active negative symptoms and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
There is evidence of genetic and neural system overlap in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Early Psychosis (EP). Five datasets were pooled to compare mu suppression index (MSI), a proxy of mirror neuron activity, in EP, high functioning ASD, and healthy subjects (HS). ASDs and EPs with "active" negative symptoms showed significant differences in mu suppression, in response to Biological Motion/point-light display animation, compared to HS. Preliminary findings suggest that similar neural network deficits in ASD and EP could be driven by the expression of negative symptoms in the latter group of patients. These findings may aid future studies on EP and ASD and facilitate the formulation of new hypotheses regarding their pathophysiology
Effects of intranasal oxytocin on neural processing within a socially relevant neural circuit
Evaluation of folate levels in patients of lung carcinoma
Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally. It is the malignant lung tumor with numerous histological variants. Due to the increasing number of tobacco smoking it is the major risk factor for lung cancer. Two main types of Lung cancer are Non-Small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Folate is a water-soluble natural form of vitamin B9. It plays important role in homocysteine metabolism. Its decreased level may be associated with various cancers as is linked with altered DNA methylation and synthesis, and disruption of DNA repair activities. Aims: The present study was planned to evaluate the Serum Folate levels in patients diagnosed with lung carcinoma and to explore the association of increased serum folate levels with lung carcinoma patients. Materials & Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed for lung carcinoma were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria for the study. Fifty age and sex matched healthy individuals constituted the control group. Serum folate levels were estimated for all enrolled subjects. Results obtained were compared statistically among the lung carcinoma and healthy control groups. Results: Age of the study group and control group were comparable
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A Focused Review of Gamma Neuromodulation as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimers Spectrum Disorders.
The aging population of the world is increasing at an unprecedented rate which is expected to lead to a corresponding unparalleled increase in age related diseases. Of particular concern are the large number of older adults expected to develop Alzheimers disease (AD), which will require extraordinary local, national and worldwide healthcare resources. In this context, innovative interventions are needed urgently to delay AD onset and thereby give our healthcare systems time to prepare and provide meaningful care to our aging populations. This focused review discusses the crucial role of frontal gamma oscillations as a therapeutic target to delay or ameliorate cognitive decline in AD. Frontal gamma oscillations, including from prefrontal cortical areas, serve as a biomarker for working memory and other cognitive functions, and their impairment is observed before clinical symptoms manifest. This review evaluates evidence from animal models and human subjects to highlight the correlation between gamma wave abnormalities and cognitive deterioration. Furthermore, the review summarizes 11 clinical studies using neuromodulation techniques designed to stimulate gamma oscillations in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients, including transcranial electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and rhythmic sensory stimulation. These interventions have shown promise in mitigating early-stage cognitive decline, as evidenced by improved performance on memory tests, increased gamma oscillatory responses, and some have even shown reduced brain atrophy. These early studies suggest that treatments that strengthen frontal gamma oscillatory responses through neuromodulation are a promising approach to delay cognitive decline, that may serve as an adjunct to other therapies or as a standalone treatment in some populations
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A Systematic Review of the Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients With Schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by positive symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), negative symptoms (anhedonia, social withdrawal) and marked cognitive deficits (memory, executive function, and attention). Current mainstays of treatment, including medications and psychotherapy, do not adequately address cognitive symptoms, which are essential for everyday functioning. However, recent advances in computational neurobiology have rekindled interest in neurofeedback (NF), a form of self-regulation or neuromodulation, in potentially alleviating cognitive symptoms in patients with SCZ. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the literature for NF studies in SCZ to identify lessons learned and to identify steps to move the field forward. Our findings reveal that NF studies to date consist mostly of case studies and small sample, single-group studies. Despite few randomized clinical trials, the results suggest that NF is feasible and that it leads to measurable changes in brain function. These findings indicate early proof-of-concept data that needs to be followed up by larger, randomized clinical trials, testing the efficacy of NF compared to well thought out placebos. We hope that such an undertaking by the field will lead to innovative solutions that address refractory symptoms and improve everyday functioning in patients with SCZ
Recommended from our members
A Systematic Review of The Potential Use of Neurofeedback in Patients with Schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by positive symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), negative symptoms (anhedonia, social withdrawal) and marked cognitive deficits (memory, executive function, and attention). Current mainstays of treatment, including medications and psychotherapy, do not adequately address cognitive symptoms, which are essential for everyday functioning. However, recent advances in computational neurobiology have rekindled interest in neurofeedback (NF), a form of self-regulation or neuromodulation, in potentially alleviating cognitive symptoms in patients with SCZ. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the literature for NF studies in SCZ to identify lessons learned and to identify steps to move the field forward. Our findings reveal that NF studies to date consist mostly of case studies and small sample, single-group studies. Despite few randomized clinical trials, the results suggest that NF is feasible and that it leads to measurable changes in brain function. These findings indicate early proof-of-concept data that needs to be followed up by larger, randomized clinical trials, testing the efficacy of NF compared to well thought out placebos. We hope that such an undertaking by the field will lead to innovative solutions that address refractory symptoms and improve everyday functioning in patients with SCZ
Recommended from our members
Biological Motion induced mu suppression is reduced in Early Psychosis (EP) patients with active negative symptoms and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
There is evidence of genetic and neural system overlap in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Early Psychosis (EP). Five datasets were pooled to compare mu suppression index (MSI), a proxy of mirror neuron activity, in EP, high functioning ASD, and healthy subjects (HS). ASDs and EPs with "active" negative symptoms showed significant differences in mu suppression, in response to Biological Motion/point-light display animation, compared to HS. Preliminary findings suggest that similar neural network deficits in ASD and EP could be driven by the expression of negative symptoms in the latter group of patients. These findings may aid future studies on EP and ASD and facilitate the formulation of new hypotheses regarding their pathophysiology