Evaluation of Epley’s manoeuvre efficacy in posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most prevalent cause of peripheral vertigo in the outpatient department. Methods: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 53 patients out of 96 who visited the outpatient department were included in this study. To rule out other disorders, pure tone audiometry, computed tomography etc were performed if needed. Epley's manoeuvre was performed, and the patient's response was noted. The manoeuvre was performed during weekly appointments, and the number of visits necessary by each patient was recorded. The patients were followed up for four months. Results: Mean age of the patients was 48 years. In this study, out of 53, there were 31 females (58.49%) and 22 males (41.50%). The female to male ratio was 1.4:1. All patients experienced positional vertigo, which was accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The right side was found to be more involved in our study than the left. Out of 53 patients, 23 patients (43.39 %) recovered in the first visit, 15 patients (28.30 %) recovered in second visit, 8 patients (15.09 %) recovered in the third visit and remaining 7 patients (13.20 %) recovered in fourth visit. All the patients recovered eventually. In 5 out of 53 cases, that is, in 9.43%, recurrence was seen with return of the BPPV symptoms. Conclusions: We concluded that majority of patients for whom Epley’s manoeuvre was done recovered after the first visit itself. Patients presenting with recurrence were less probably due to the shorter period of follow up

40Hz Auditory Stimulation and Naturalistic Soundscapes for the Treatment and Management of Alzheimer’s Disease poster shared at the Scottish Dementia Research Consortium, April 2023

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, associated with memory loss, behaviour changes and physical impacts (Whitewell, 2018). It is the most common form of dementia. Reliable treatments to slow its progression are in high demand and 40Hz sensory stimulation may offer a solution. Humans with AD and mouse models of the disease exhibit lower gamma oscillations which are important for multiple areas of cognition (McDermott et al., 2018). Studies show that auditory and visual 40Hz stimulation elicit greater gamma oscillations in mice with AD pathology and alleviates symptoms (Martoerall et al., 2019; Olsen, 2021;Traikapi & Konstantinou, 2021). In humans, pilot studies have shown 40Hz sound stimulation to improve cognitive deficits (Figure 1) in mild to moderate AD patients (Clements-Cortes et al., 2016). Studies indicate that greater volumes elicit greater gamma oscillations compared to lower (Schadow et al., 2007). Figure 1: Change in SLUMS Scores (from Clements-Cortes et al., 2016). SLUMS = St. Louis University Mental Status Test, measuring cognitive deficits Immersive soundscapes such as forest and beach sounds present calming and therapeutic effects in and out of care homes (Cheng & Sabran, 2022; Houben et al., 2019; Voisin et al., 2021). Combining soundscapes and 40Hz sound stimulation may be beneficial to AD management as studies show sounds and music can help patients remember long- term memories and balance the sound stimulation. Literature Gap There is limited research on the effects of stimulation volume and on including 40Hz sound in combination with soundscapes and how this can be effective in the treatment and management of AD. Early investigation and optimisation of different stimulation protocols on gamma oscillations and on participant perceptions can be carried out in healthy older adults, prior to their administration to people with AD

Red cell distribution width and the severity of acute exacerbration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - A hospital based case control study

Background and Objective: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common diseases in patients with having frequent hospitalization. The aim of this study is to find whether there is any relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) with mortality in acute exacerbation of COPD. Materials and Methods: The hospital-based case–control study is conducted on hospitalized 50 patients with the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD and 50 patients with stable period of COPD. Results: This was a hospital-based case–control study in the age group of above 30 years in hospitalized 50 patients with a primary and definite diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD and 50 participants in stable period of COPD conducted among admitted in the department of medicine. Maximum patients in both groups were found in the >60 years age group. The mean age in acute exacerbations of COPD group was 64.62 ± 8.24 years and in stable COPD were 63.22 ± 9.18 years. Both groups were comparable. Maximum patients in both groups were male. The mean RDW significantly higher in acute exacerbation of COPD (17.60% ±5.70%) as compared to stable COPD patients (13.80% ±3.33%). The difference in both groups was found statistically significant. The mean corpuscular volume was significantly lower in acute exacerbation of COPD (82.04 ± 1.49) as compared to stable COPD patients (86.50 ± 1.87). The difference in both groups was found statistically significant. RDW was significantly higher in those patients who were died (19.50% ±0.70%) as compared to survived patients (17.52% ±5.61%). The difference in both groups was found to be statistically significant. 4.00% hospital mortality in acute exacerbation of COPD group compared with stable COPD patients. Conclusion: We have concluded that the mean RDW on the day of presenting the illness was significantly higher in acute exacerbation of COPD as compared to stable COPD. Those patients who had a high RDW during admission were associated with poor prognoses

Proceedings of the International Conference on Frontiers in Desalination, Energy, Environment and Material Sciences for Sustainable Development

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at the International Conference on Frontiers in Desalination, Energy, Environment and Material Sciences for Sustainable Development (FEEMSSD-2023) & Annual Congress of InDA (InDACON-2023) jointly organized by the Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Gorakhpur, KIPM-College of Engineering and Technology Gida Gorakhpur, and Indian Desalination Association, India on 16th-17th March 2023.  FEEMSSD-2023 & InDACON-2023 focuses on addressing issues and concerns related to sustainability in all domains of Energy, Environment, Desalination, and Material Science and attempts to present the research and innovative outputs in a global platform. The conference aims to bring together leading academicians, researchers, technocrats, practitioners, and students to exchange and share their experiences and research outputs in Energy, Environment, Desalination, and Material Science.  Conference Title: International Conference on Frontiers in Desalination, Energy, Environment and Material Sciences for Sustainable Development & Annual Congress of InDAConference Acronyms: FEEMSSD-2023 & InDACON-2023Conference Date: 16th-17th March 2023Conference Location: Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, GorakhpurConference Organizers: Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Gorakhpur, KIPM-College of Engineering and Technology Gida Gorakhpur, and Indian Desalination Association, Indi