Lorentzian fermionic action by twisting euclidean spectral triples

We show how the twisting of spectral triples induces a transition from an euclidean to a lorentzian noncommutative geometry, at the level of the fermionic action. More specifically, we compute the fermionic action for the twisting of a closed euclidean manifold, then that of a two-sheet euclidean manifold, and finally the twisting of the spectral triple of electrodynamics in euclidean signature. We obtain the Weyl and the Dirac equations in lorentzian signature (and in the temporal gauge). The twisted fermionic action is then shown to be invariant under an action of the Lorentz group. This permits to interprete the field of 1-form that parametrizes the twisted fluctuation of a manifold as the (dual) of the energy momentum 4-vector.Comment: Enhanced version. One section added on Lorentz invarianc

The effect of walking demands on accuracy and brain activation levels during the modified Stroop task

The purpose of this experiment is to understand the changes in the brain that occur when doing a task and what happens to the brain when an additional task is undertaken simultaneously. The way this experiment will be done is by having patients do the modified Stroop task, which itself is made of four parts: the neutral task where a color is identified, the congruent task where a word in the same color is identified, the incongruent task where the word is identified in a situation where the color doesn’t match the word and the mixed task where the patient switches between naming the color and the task given a cue. These tasks are done twice, once standing and once while walking on a self-paced treadmill. The data in this task will be measured via the accuracy in their identification of the word or color and neuroimaging via a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (FNIRS) system which records relative values of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentrations, showing areas in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) that are activated during the performance of a task, based on the principle of neurovascular coupling. From this data, I plan to evaluate the effect of walking versus standing on the associations between task accuracy and PFC activation changes during the four different parts of the Stroop task, which provide a natural gradation of executive function demands.Ope

Anxiolytic Potency of Cardamonin Mediated through Brain GABAergic System

Anxiety is an ailment causing personal, social and economic burden. Some drugs are available to provide symptomatic assistance for the treatment of anxiety and attempts are being made to find new therapeutic entities and subside associated adverse effects. Approaching natural sources, the current study aims to investigate the anxiolytic effects of cardamonin and its effect on the brain GABAergic system. The anxiolytic effects of various dose of cardamonin were investigated using the elevated plus maze apparatus and possible motor disabilities were evaluated trough open field test. Possible impact on GABAergic system was investigated using the ELISA. Fourteen days treatment with cardamonin (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg, i.p.) in mice significantly (p < 0.0001) increased and the percentages of open arm entry and open arm time compared to respective vehicle control group. Cardamonin show no influence on gross locomotor movement in open field test. Treatment with cardamonin significantly (p < 0.0001) increased levels of GABA in brain of treated mice compared to control mice. This study provided evidence on the anxiolytic potency of the cardamonin and revealed its action mechanism of regulating the GABA level in mouse brain

Pregnancy in uterus didelphys delivered by caesarean section: a case report

The aim of this study is to report a rare case of pregnancy in uterus didelphys. Mullerian duct anomalies are congenital defects of the female genital system that arise from abnormal embryological development of the Mullerian ducts. A didelphys uterus, also known as double uterus is one of the least common amongst the various Mullerian duct anomalies. It results from complete failure of fusion of Mullerian ducts. There is presence of double uterine bodies with two separate cervices and often double or septate vagina. We report the case in our institute of a pregnancy in the left sided body of a didelphys uterus, delivered by caesarean section. Patients with uterus didelphys belong to high risk group and complications are increased in malformed uterus. Such cases need a meticulous prenatal care. It is a rare Mullerian anomaly and can present with varied obstetrical and gynaecological complications. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of uterine malformations and appropriate surgical intervention are essential to prevent complications

A Covered Eye Fails To Follow an Object Moving in Depth

To clearly view approaching objects, the eyes rotate inward (vergence), and the intraocular lenses focus (accommodation). Current ocular control models assume both eyes are driven by unitary vergence and unitary accommodation commands that causally interact. The models typically describe discrete gaze shifts to non-accommodative targets performed under laboratory conditions. We probe these unitary signals using a physical stimulus moving in depth on the midline while recording vergence and accommodation simultaneously from both eyes in normal observers. Using monocular viewing, retinal disparity is removed, leaving only monocular cues for interpreting the object\u27s motion in depth. The viewing eye always followed the target\u27s motion. However, the occluded eye did not follow the target, and surprisingly, rotated out of phase with it. In contrast, accommodation in both eyes was synchronized with the target under monocular viewing. The results challenge existing unitary vergence command theories, and causal accommodation-vergence linkage

A study of intent of suicide in people with major depression

Background: Depression is most important underlying diagnosis among the cases of suicide. There is dearth of information regarding suicidal intent among people of depression and its relationship with hopelessness among Indians. Aims & Objective: To describe the intent of suicide in people with depression among the north Indian population. Material & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at department of psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow. Subjects between age group of 18-60 years with major depressive disorder as per DSM-IV TR criteria were screened and included in the study. Each subject was assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRS), Beck’s Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Suicide Intent Questionnaire (SIQ). Results: Suicidal intent was observed among 68.1% (n=49) of sample (n=72). There was no significant (p>0.05) association of suicidal intent with socio-demographic factors except domicile status. Suicidal intent was common among people with moderate to severe depression and those with hopelessness. The hopelessness was present among 70.8% of subjects. Conclusion: Suicidal intent is common among people with major depression. The authors emphasize the need of exploration of suicidal intent in people with depression

Seed endophytic bacterial profiling from wheat varieties of contrasting heat sensitivity

Wheat yield can be limited by many biotic and abiotic factors. Heat stress at the grain filling stage is a factor that reduces wheat production tremendously. The potential role of endophytic microorganisms in mitigating plant stress through various biomolecules like enzymes and growth hormones and also by improving plant nutrition has led to a more in-depth exploration of the plant microbiome for such functions. Hence, we devised this study to investigate the abundance and diversity of wheat seed endophytic bacteria (WSEB) from heatS (heat susceptible, GW322) and heatT (heat tolerant, HD3298 and HD3271) varieties by culturable and unculturable approaches. The results evidenced that the culturable diversity was higher in the heatS variety than in the heatT variety and Bacillus was found to be dominant among the 10 different bacterial genera identified. Though the WSEB population was higher in the heatS variety, a greater number of isolates from the heatT variety showed tolerance to higher temperatures (up to 55°C) along with PGP activities such as indole acetic acid (IAA) production and nutrient acquisition. Additionally, the metagenomic analysis of seed microbiota unveiled higher bacterial diversity, with a predominance of the phyla Proteobacteria covering >50% of OTUs, followed by Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. There were considerable variations in the abundance and diversity between heat sensitivity contrasting varieties, where notably more thermophilic bacterial OTUs were observed in the heatT samples, which could be attributed to conferring tolerance against heat stress. Furthermore, exploring the functional characteristics of culturable and unculturable microbiomes would provide more comprehensive information on improving plant growth and productivity for sustainable agriculture