Growth profile and partial characterization of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum ATM11 isolated from slaughterhouse soil

In this study, we report on the growth profile and partial characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum ATM11 isolated from goat slaughterhouse soil. Among eight bacteriocin-producing bacteria from 25 Lactobacilli isolates of goat slaughterhouse soil, the higher-yielding bacteria were selected and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum based on the morphology, biochemical characteristics, and partial 16S rRNA gene sequence. The physico-chemical condition effects of temperature, pH, enzymes, and detergents of bacteriocin activity were studied. The optimum temperature for bacteriocin activity was found to be 60 C. The optimum pH for bacteriocin activity was found to be in the range of 5.0-6.0. Detergents such as sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), Triton X-100, and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) were influenced the bacteriocin activity, whereas urea inhibited the activity. Asparaginase and -amylase enzymes influenced the activity, whereas protease, proteinase K, and lysozyme inhibited bacteriocin activity. The present study revealed that the action mode of the produced bacteriocin has a bacteriostatic effect against Bacillus cereus MTCC 1272 and Micrococcus leuteus MTCC 2987. Thus, it can be used as a bio-preservative agent for different foods in the future

BMP signalling : A significant player and therapeutic target for osteoarthritis

Acknowledgements We are immensely grateful to Prof. YiPing Chen at Tulane University, USA, for the gift of mouse strains. We thank Prof. Frank Beier of Western University, Ontario, Canada for teaching APJ the method of ACL transection. We sincerely thank Shuchi Arora and Ankita Jena for their critical comments on the manuscript. We are highly grateful to Niveda Udaykumar and Saahiba Thaleshwari for their help in blind OARSI scoring. We thank Mr. Naresh Gupta for assistance with mouse experiments. Funding This work was supported by grants from the Department of Biotechnology, India (DBT) BT/PR17362/MED/30/1648/2017 and BT/IN/DENMARK/08/JD/2016 to A.B.; Versus Arthritis Grants 19667 and 21156 to CDB and AJR, Fellowships to APJ, BK, and SFI are supported by fellowships from the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India. Fellowship to AKS was supported by Science and Engineering Research Board, Govt. of India. APJ travelled to Western University Canada with Shastri Research Student Fellowship (SRSF, 2015-‘16). A.H.K.R. was supported by the Wellcome Trust through the Scottish Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Initiative (Grant No. WT 085664).Peer reviewedPostprin

Dynamics of Hot QCD Matter -- Current Status and Developments

The discovery and characterization of hot and dense QCD matter, known as Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), remains the most international collaborative effort and synergy between theorists and experimentalists in modern nuclear physics to date. The experimentalists around the world not only collect an unprecedented amount of data in heavy-ion collisions, at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in New York, USA, and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland but also analyze these data to unravel the mystery of this new phase of matter that filled a few microseconds old universe, just after the Big Bang. In the meantime, advancements in theoretical works and computing capability extend our wisdom about the hot-dense QCD matter and its dynamics through mathematical equations. The exchange of ideas between experimentalists and theoreticians is crucial for the progress of our knowledge. The motivation of this first conference named "HOT QCD Matter 2022" is to bring the community together to have a discourse on this topic. In this article, there are 36 sections discussing various topics in the field of relativistic heavy-ion collisions and related phenomena that cover a snapshot of the current experimental observations and theoretical progress. This article begins with the theoretical overview of relativistic spin-hydrodynamics in the presence of the external magnetic field, followed by the Lattice QCD results on heavy quarks in QGP, and finally, it ends with an overview of experiment results.Comment: Compilation of the contributions (148 pages) as presented in the `Hot QCD Matter 2022 conference', held from May 12 to 14, 2022, jointly organized by IIT Goa & Goa University, Goa, Indi

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Not AvailableGenetic diversity during prebreeding or postbreeding programme, is the key pillar to characterize the valuable traits and gene of interest.Whereas, superior or inferior heterotic performance ofF1 depend on the diverse nature of their pedigree. Therefore, the aim of this study was to see the diversity between the interspecific crosses and effect of heterosis, and inheritance for the morphological traits and ToLCV resistance. All the 24 F1 interspecific crosses were classified into four clusters on the basis of morphological traits as well as simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Among the F1 hybrids, 23 were grouped into clusters II, III and IV with different phylogeny, while PBC×EC 521080 was individual with cluster I. On the basis of visual observation of fruit colour, deep red and green colours in the crosses of S. pimpinellifolium (EC 521080) and S. habrochaites (EC 520061) exhibited dominant effects. In context of heterosis breeding, the crosses which were made using Solanum pimpinellifolium (EC 521080), S. chmielewskii (EC 520049) and S.cerasiforme (EC 528372) were better for yield capacity and the crosses of S. habrochaites (EC 520061) exhibited low and negative heterosis for ToLCV resistance. The F2 progenies were segregated in various Mendelian ratio as follows 3:1, 1:2:1, 1:3, 13:3, 15:1,12:3:1 and 9:6:1 for ToLCV disease reaction of incidence, plant growth habit and fruit colour appearance, respectively. Therefore, these interspecific crosses can be utilized for developing high yield, impressive fruit colour combiners and resistant hybrids/varieties of tomato.Not Availabl

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Daily variation in melatonin level, antioxidant activity and general immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymphoid tissues of Indian goat <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Capra hircus</i> during summer and winter</span>

467-477Daily variation in circulatory melatonin level, during different seasons, has been reported to influence immune system and free-radical scavenging capacity in mammals, including human beings. Similar studies have not been carried out on small ruminant viz. goats that are susceptible to opportunistic infections, increased oxidative load and sickness during free-grazing activity and frequent exposure to agro-chemicals. Therefore, daily variation in immune status, antioxidant enzyme activity and its possible correlation with circulatory melatonin level during two different seasons, summer (long day) and winter (short day) were studied in the Indian goat, Capra hircus. The clinically important immune parameters, such as total leukocyte count, % lymphocyte count and % stimulation ratio of T-lymphocytes presented a day/night rhythm prominently in the winter. The oxidative load in terms of malonedialdehyde was always low during night while antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant status were high during nighttime (1800 to 0600 hrs). Interestingly, the studied parameters were significantly higher during the winter in both the sexes. Rhythmometric analyses showed prominent rhythmicity in above parameters. The data presented strong positive correlation between high levels of nighttime melatonin levels and immune parameters during winter. It suggests that melatonin possesses immunoenhacing as well as antioxidative property during winter. This might be a necessity for maintenance of physiological harmony in goats to protect them from winter stress

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Not AvailableLowland tropical rice-rice system has a unique micrometrological characteristic that affects both energy component and net ecosystem energy. Periodic and seasonal variations of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and energy exchange from irrigated lowland rice-rice ecosystem were studied using open-path eddy covariance (EC) system during the dry (DS) and wet (WS) seasons in2015. Concurrently, the manual chamber method was employed in nitrous oxide (N2O) measurement efflux. Cumulative net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) was observed highest (− 232.55 g C m−2) during theWS and lowest (− 14.81 g C m−2) during wet fallow (WF). Similarly, the cumulative net ecosystem methane exchange (NEME) was found highest (13,456.5 mg CH4 m−2) during the WS and lowest (2014.3 mg CH4 m−2) during the WF. Surface energy fluxes, i.e., sensible (Hs) and latent heat (LE) fluxes, showed a similar trend. With the advancement of time, the ratio of ecosystem respiration (Re) and gross primary production (GPP) increased. The cumulative global warming potential (GWP) for the two cropping seasons including two fallows was 13,224.1 kg CO2 equivalent ha−1. The GWP and NEME showed a similar trend as soil enzymes and labile carbon pools in both seasons (except GWP at the harvesting stage in the wet season). The mean NEE exhibited a more negative value with decrease in labile pools from panicle initiation to harvesting stage in the WS. Soil labile C and soil enzymes can be used as an indicator of NEE, NEME, and GWP in lowland rice ecology.Not Availabl

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