Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Time-dependent parameter of perfusion imaging as independent predictor of clinical outcome in symptomatic carotid artery stenosis

CT Angiography of the patient shown in Fig. 2. (TIF 1426 kb

Contributions to the development of a multi-stage flash/fluidized bed evaporator (msf/fbe)

Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineerin

Visualization of a biopsy trajectory.

<p>The trajectory is defined by the coordinates of the entry point E(104/128/114) and target point T(112/141/53) and biopsy specimens are taken along the trajectory, mainly close to the target point.</p

Scatterplot of ADC and cellularity with regression line and 95% confidence interval.

<p>Aggregated mean ADC and cellularity values per patient are displayed (37 patients). Pearson’s r = -0.40, p = 0.007; Spearman’s ρ = -0.48, p = 0.002</p

Histogram of mean vessel branch length; the area under the curve is normalized to 1.

<p>Histogram of mean vessel branch length; the area under the curve is normalized to 1.</p

Demonstration of multiscale vessel enhancement filtering.

<p>A) Contrast enhanced T1 weighted images at 3 Tesla of a patient with right temporal glioblastoma. B) 7 Tesla ToF angiography maximum intensity projection. Within the selected VOI (E) (representative slide in (C)), vessels are automatically detected and visualized (F) (representative slide with red colored vessels in (D)).</p

Patient with a left temporal glioblastoma.

<p>A) contrast enhanced T1-weighted images at 3 Tesla. B) 7 Tesla ToF angiography maximum intensity projection; enlarged in C). Tumor vessels with multiple branches can clearly be identified within the glioblastoma (white arrows in C). Signal intensity in the tumor vessels is reduced compared to the regular vessels due to signal loss in the irregular and leaky tumor vessels.</p

Comparison of two exemplary patients (patient 1: A-D, patient 2: E-H).

<p>A,E: Intraoperative cT1-scans. The biopsy location on this slice is marked by a white crosshair. B,F: Preoperative ADC-maps, which have been registered to intraoperative scans as described. The biopsy location on this slice is marked by a white crosshair. C,G: Scanned biopsy specimens of the respective location (HE stain, x20 magnification). D,H: semi-automatic cell counting on 8-bit images by the ImageJ plugin ITCN. Detected cells are marked with red dots. For patient 1(A-D), analysis yielded ADC = 658mm²/s and cellularity = 16840 cells/mm². For patient 2 (E-H), it was ADC = 1479mm²/s and cellularity = 2208 cells/mm².</p

Box plots of assessed parameters within tumor VOI and control VOI in the contralateral white matter.

<p>Total vessel length (A) (p<0.064), total vessel surface (B) (p<0.035), vessel volume (C) (p<0.078) and number of vessel branches (E) (p<0.001) per cubic centimeter are increased within the tumor compared to contralateral white matter. In contrast mean vessel diameters (D) (p<0.064) and average branch length of vessels (F) (p<0.001) are decreased in the tumor.</p

Correlation of cT1 MRI and histology.

<p>A) Target point T with its coordinates in an axial slide of the intraoperative cT1 MRI of the patient from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0169292#pone.0169292.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1a</a>. It lies in the CE area. B) Corresponding slice of the 1mm³ biopsy specimen (HE stain) in x20 magnification which was classified as “necrosis with cellular component”. This type of histology occurred in 31% of all biopsies originating from CE. C) Calculated biopsy point C with its coordinates in an axial slide of the intraoperative cT1 MRI of an 82-year-old patient with glioblastoma. It lies in the CE area. D) Corresponding slice of the 1mm³ biopsy specimen (HE stain) in x20 magnification which was classified as “viable tumor tissue”. This type of histology occurred in 60% of all biopsies originating from CE. E) Different biopsy point D with its coordinates along the trajectory in the same patient. It lies in the NEC area. F) Corresponding slice of the 1mm³ biopsy specimen (HE stain) in x20 magnification which was classified as “pure necrosis”. This type of histology occurred in 4% of all biopsies originating from NEC.</p