Partnering as Success Factor: Optimal Design Quality Through The Early Integration of Construction and Operation Competences

Nearly all designs can be optimized. Today, this realization is familiar to all those in the construction and real-estate industries who take into consideration all five of the lifecycle phases of a property (development, design, construction, operation, revitalization) as well as their interdependencies. Nevertheless, new buildings are still being built or existing buildings structurally altered with designs that sometimes show serious deficiencies. A few examples worth mentioning here include oversized technical building equipment components, a lack of coordination between facade and technical building equipment concepts, use of materials with high maintenance costs or a lack of coordination between foundation and framework construction

Arrhythmogenic effects induced by coronary conversion of pulmonary big endothelin to endothelin: aggravation of this phenomenon in heritable hyperlipidemia

Im Herz-Lungen Modell mit serieller Perfusion eines Langendorff-Herzens durch das Effluat einer isolierten Lunge des selben Tieres, untersuchten wir Arrhythmien in einer Kontrollgruppe (NZW-Kaninchen) und einer Gruppe mit angeborener Hypercholesterinämie (WHHL). In beiden Gruppen kam es unter serieller Perfusion zu einem Abfall des Koronarflusses und zu einem vermehrten Auftreten von ventrikulären Extrasystolen. Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe entwickelte die WHHL-Gruppe mehr und länger anhaltende ventrikuläre Tachykardien (VT). Diese Effekte waren nicht ischämischer Ursache, weil eine vergleichbare mechanische Flußreduktion keine arrhythmischen Effekte auslöste. Durch die ET-A Rezeptorantagonisten BQ-123 und A-127722 konnte die Vasokonstriktion völlig, jedoch die Arrhythmien nur teilweise aufgehoben werden. Der ET-Converting-Enzym-Inhibitor Phosphoramidon konnte beides, Vasokonstriktion und Arrhythmien, antagonisieren. Die beiden ET-B Rezeptorantagonisten IRL-1038 und IRL-1025 zeigten keinen Effekt.Schlussfolgerung: Endogenes pulmonales big ET verursacht arrhythmogene Effekte, welche bei Hypercholesterinämie verstärkt auftreten. Diese Effekte sind zum Teil ET-A vermittelt und ET-B unabhängig.In a lung-heart model in which a Langendorff heart is serially perfused with the effluent from the isolated lung of the same animal, we evaluated arrhythmias in control and in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits (WHHL). In both groups serial perfusion evoked a decrease in coronary flow and a fourfold increase of ventricular extrasystoles. WHHL developed more and longer nonsustained ventricular tachycardias compared with controls. Arrhythmias were not ischemia-induced because corresponding mechanical flow reduction had no arrhythmogenic effect. Although vasoconstriction disappeared entirely, arrhythmias were only partly suppressed by ET-A antagonists BQ-123 and A-127722. The ET-converting enzyme inhibitor phosphoramidon completely suppressed arrhythmias and vasoconstriction. The ET-B antagonists IRL-1038 and IRL-1025 had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous pulmonary big ET produces arrhythmogenic effects that are aggravated in heritable hyperlipidemia. These effects, requiring coronary conversion of big ET into ET, are partly ET-A mediated and ET-B independent

Records of all ICARDA capacity development activity attendees from 1978 to 2012

This dataset includes records of all ICARDA capacity development activity attendees from 1978 to 2012. The individual's names were anonymized for privacy reason, the records include job title, demographic information, contact information, and training course and type