Deep drains : a case study and discussion

Typically, deep, open drains are about 2 in deep and about 1 in wide at the base and dug with a backhoe or excavator. The movement of groundwater is controlled by two factors. One is the physical ability of the material to transmit fluid. Permeability is the measure used to describe the ability of a material to transmit fluid through pores and cracks. It depends largely upon porosity (the percentage of the total volume of thematerial that is pore space) and the degree of interconnectedness of the pore spaces. The other factor controlling groundwater flow is gradient. George (1985) found that it was important to detemine the factors or profile characteristics controlling groundwater flow, such asthe depth of permeable or impermeable layers, in order to calculate appropriate drain design

Groundwater trends in the Esperance sandplain and malleee sub-regions

The South Coast Regional Initiative Planning Team (SCRIPT) has divided the South Coast region of Western Australia into six sub-regions. The Esperance Sandplain and Mallee subregions encompass the Esperance agricultural district, which contains about 1.5 million hectares of agricultural land. This publication describes the groundwater trends, risk of shallow watertables, and technical feasibility of salinity management in the soil-landscape zones within the Esperance agricultural district

Hydrological impacts of integrated oil mallee farming systems

This study reports on the results from investigations at four sites into the effect of commercial-scale oil mallee systems on localised groundwater systems over seven years. It also reports the results of the use of a numerical model to forecast potential longer term impacts

Weaber Plain aquifer test results

As a part of the environmental planning and approvals process, the state government was required to prepare Groundwater Management and Hydrodynamic Plans. These plans are to address potential issues of salinity and water quality that could result from the development of irrigated agriculture on the Weaber Plain. The Weaber Plain groundwater modelling report (KBR 2010a) identified several options to manage watertables and salinity Production bores 10WP35PB and 10WP36PB were drilled in the palaeochannel on sites selected from the interpretation of airborne geophysics

Cockatoo Sands in the Victoria Highway and Carlton Hill areas, East Kimberley: hydrogeology, aquifer properties and groundwater chemistry

Cockatoo Sands are recognised as potentially suitable for irrigated agriculture because they are generally well drained and not subject to waterlogging or inundation. These characteristics allow them to be cultivated and prepared for planting various crops during the wet and dry seasons of northern Australia. Expanding agricultural production onto the Cockatoo Sands around Kununurra will increase opportunities for agriculture by increasing the overall scale of agriculture, allowing year-round agricultural enterprise, new crops and new market opportunities. DAFWA has assessed the soil characteristics and agriculturally suitable areas of Cockatoo Sands in the Victoria Highway and Carlton Hill areas near Kununurra. Potential development areas (PDAs) comprising 6538 hectares (ha) at Victoria Highway and 2571ha at Carlton Hill were identified. DAFWA has also assessed the baseline surface water characteristics of run-off from catchments that contain the PDAs. This report describes the methodology, data and analyses used to derive the baseline hydrogeological conditions and physicochemical groundwater conditions that underlie the Victoria Highway and Carlton Hill PDAs

Electric-field-induced strain mechanisms in lead-free 94%(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-6%BaTiO3

High resolution neutron diffraction has been used to investigate the structural origin of the large electric-field-induced remanent strain in 94(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-6BaTiO(3) ceramics. The virgin material was found to be a mixture of near-cubic phases with slight tetragonal and rhombohedral distortions of a(0)a(0)c(+) and a(-)a(-)a(-) octahedral tilt type, respectively. Application of an electric field of 4.57 kV/mm transformed the sample to a predominantly rhombohedral a(-)a(-)a(-) modification with a significantly higher degree of structural distortion and a pronounced preferred orientation of the c-axis along the field direction. These electric field-induced structural effects contribute significantly to the macroscopic strain and polarization of this system.open40

Gibson oil mallee study : drill completion and preliminary hydrogeological interpretation report

Oil mallees are being planted in Western Australian wheatbelt farms with the expectation that they will reduce land salination by lowering watertables as well as providing income from combinations of eucalyptus oil distillation, power generation, activated carbon production and carbon sequestration in the future