Mean reading times and regression probabilities for adults, older children and younger children for the target region for early closure and late closure conditions.

<p>Standard deviations in parentheses.</p

Mean reading times and regression probabilities for adults, older children and younger children for Regions 2 and 4, for early closure and late closure conditions.

<p>Standard deviations in parentheses.</p

Experimental stimuli for Experiment 1 (1a–1b) and Experiment 2 (2a–2b).

<p>Experimental stimuli for Experiment 1 (1a–1b) and Experiment 2 (2a–2b).</p

Mean reading times and regression probabilities for adults and children for Regions 2 and 3, in high-attached and low-attached conditions.

<p>Standard deviations in parentheses.</p

Eye movement measures and associated ANOVA results.

<p>Eye movement measures and associated ANOVA results.</p

Measures for recognition and relocation tasks and associated ANOVA results.

<p>Measures for recognition and relocation tasks and associated ANOVA results.</p

Participant characteristics as a function of age group (A) and instruction condition (B) and the results of A×B ANOVA.

a<p>The log of the minimum angle of resolution; 0 means no loss, positive values indicate vision loss, and negative values indicate normal or better visual acuity.</p>b<p>Thresholds were measured in dB; the greater the threshold, the poorer the sensitivity.</p>c<p>A low score indicates better ability than a high score.</p>d<p>The variation in the degrees of freedom in the error term reflects missing data.</p>e<p>Only included those whose first language is English.</p

Stimulus photograph used in the present study.

<p>Stimulus photograph used in the present study.</p

Fixation disparity during reading and dot scanning experiments (for the subgroup of dyslexic children, n = 6, who participated in Experiments 1 & 2): coefficients and standard errors are shown, and t-values with significance levels.

<p>Fixation disparity during reading and dot scanning experiments (for the subgroup of dyslexic children, n = 6, who participated in Experiments 1 & 2): coefficients and standard errors are shown, and t-values with significance levels.</p

Frequency of disparate fixations; binocular eye movement traces representative of the mean fixation disparity for each group.

<p>Frequency of disparate fixations; binocular eye movement traces representative of the mean fixation disparity for each group.</p